利用1949—2014年的美国国家环境预报中心2.5°×2.5°的月平均资料和上海台风研究所提供的台风年鉴,对西北太平洋8月热带气旋频数异常进行了统计相关和合成分析,并通过对台风异常偏少的2014年进行诊断分析,使相关和合成结...利用1949—2014年的美国国家环境预报中心2.5°×2.5°的月平均资料和上海台风研究所提供的台风年鉴,对西北太平洋8月热带气旋频数异常进行了统计相关和合成分析,并通过对台风异常偏少的2014年进行诊断分析,使相关和合成结果得到验证。主要结论有:(1)西北太平洋8月台风频数和赤道、副热带区域500 h Pa位势高度、当年4—7月该区域的异常位势高度均有显著负相关;与孟加拉湾北部SST、赤道中东太平洋850 h Pa纬向风场和印缅地区地面低压系统也有显著关联;(2)台风少年孟加拉湾北部SST偏高,极涡中心值偏低,副高强度强,北半球位势高度梯度小,东亚大槽浅,而多年则相反;(3)8月台风偏多(少)年低频能量的位相分布完全相反,传播特征明显不同。偏多年在6月中旬和8月上旬为正位相,偏少年相反;多年表现为系统西传,少年为东传;(4)2014年8月台风异常偏少的原因有:西太平洋副高位置偏南;赤道中太平洋SST异常增暖造成沃克环流发生异常;季风槽位置较常年明显偏西强度显著偏弱;(5)2014年的环流形势属于典型的台风偏少型,验证了历史相关统计和合成结果。展开更多
The conventional observations data,NCAR/NCEP-2 reanalysis data,and NOAA outgoing longwave radiation data are used to investigate different characteristics of Leo and Neoguri,two April typhoons that ever made landfall ...The conventional observations data,NCAR/NCEP-2 reanalysis data,and NOAA outgoing longwave radiation data are used to investigate different characteristics of Leo and Neoguri,two April typhoons that ever made landfall on the continent of China over the past 60 years.The results showed that both Leo and Neoguri occurred during the La Nina events.Strong convective activity,weak vertical wind shear and upper-level divergence were in favor of the formation of these April typhoons.Leo originated from a monsoon depression and Neoguri evolved from an easterly wave.The meandering moving track of Leo attributed to strong northeast monsoon and a weak and changeable subtropical high;the steady moving track of Neoguri was governed by a strong and stable subtropical high.Leo and Neoguri had similar terrain conditions and intensities during landfall but were different in precipitation as water vapor transport and duration of kinetic uplifting resulted in apparent discrepancies between them.展开更多
文摘利用1949—2014年的美国国家环境预报中心2.5°×2.5°的月平均资料和上海台风研究所提供的台风年鉴,对西北太平洋8月热带气旋频数异常进行了统计相关和合成分析,并通过对台风异常偏少的2014年进行诊断分析,使相关和合成结果得到验证。主要结论有:(1)西北太平洋8月台风频数和赤道、副热带区域500 h Pa位势高度、当年4—7月该区域的异常位势高度均有显著负相关;与孟加拉湾北部SST、赤道中东太平洋850 h Pa纬向风场和印缅地区地面低压系统也有显著关联;(2)台风少年孟加拉湾北部SST偏高,极涡中心值偏低,副高强度强,北半球位势高度梯度小,东亚大槽浅,而多年则相反;(3)8月台风偏多(少)年低频能量的位相分布完全相反,传播特征明显不同。偏多年在6月中旬和8月上旬为正位相,偏少年相反;多年表现为系统西传,少年为东传;(4)2014年8月台风异常偏少的原因有:西太平洋副高位置偏南;赤道中太平洋SST异常增暖造成沃克环流发生异常;季风槽位置较常年明显偏西强度显著偏弱;(5)2014年的环流形势属于典型的台风偏少型,验证了历史相关统计和合成结果。
基金Research on Techniques of Forecasting and Pre-warning Typhoons Landing on or Seriously Affecting Guangdong,a Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Bureau (2007B060401016)Natural Science Foundation of China (40730951)
文摘The conventional observations data,NCAR/NCEP-2 reanalysis data,and NOAA outgoing longwave radiation data are used to investigate different characteristics of Leo and Neoguri,two April typhoons that ever made landfall on the continent of China over the past 60 years.The results showed that both Leo and Neoguri occurred during the La Nina events.Strong convective activity,weak vertical wind shear and upper-level divergence were in favor of the formation of these April typhoons.Leo originated from a monsoon depression and Neoguri evolved from an easterly wave.The meandering moving track of Leo attributed to strong northeast monsoon and a weak and changeable subtropical high;the steady moving track of Neoguri was governed by a strong and stable subtropical high.Leo and Neoguri had similar terrain conditions and intensities during landfall but were different in precipitation as water vapor transport and duration of kinetic uplifting resulted in apparent discrepancies between them.
