试论“没有N的N”的结构和功能

“没有N的N”可以作主语、宾语、定语,还可以独自成句、做文章的(小)标题,N大多为双音节的抽象名词。“没有N的N”中的“N”是不同层次的,前一个“N”是一个原型范畴,是指典型的“N”。后一个“N”是一个非原型范畴,是边缘成员,表示不是典型的“N”。本结构多用于口语,具有较强的陈述性。与“没有N的N”类似的结构还有“不是N的N”、“不X的X”、“毫无N的N”等。

Decomposition of Different Organic Materials and Variation of Active Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Contents in Tobacco-planted Soil

The oilseed cake, vetch, rapeseed straw, wheat straw and corn straw were buried in tobacco-planted soil. The decomposition rates, the variation of active organic C and N contents in the residues and the relationship between active organic C and N contents and decomposition rate were investigated. The results showed the decomposition rates of different organic materials were all high in the early period and then low in the late period. Among the organic materials, the decomposition rates ranked as oilseed cake 〉 vetch 〉 wheat straw and rapeseed straw 〉 corn straw. The decomposition rate was positively related to total N content （P〈0.01）, but was negatively related to the active organic C/N ratio （P〈0.01）. However, there was no significant relationship between decomposition ratio and active organic C content. With the proceeding of decomposition, the active organic C content and the total N content in rapeseed straw, vetch, wheat straw and corn straw all trended to increase, but the active organic C/N ratio trended to decrease. However, the variation of active organic C content, total N content and active organic C/N ratio in oilseed cake was on the contrary.

现代汉语对举四字格“有N1无N2”的构式分析

现代汉语“有N1无N2”对举四字格由动词“有”与“无”对举而出,构成奇位固定形式;在N1、N2中嵌入意义相反、相对或相关的名词或名词性语素,形成偶位待嵌部分;进入该构式的N1、N2须属于同一上位范畴、具有象似关系。“有N1无N2”构式义为:言语使用者对与其预期相悖的残缺领有关系朝着积极、正向的方向或消极、负向的方向做出的单向凸显性评价。该构式的构式义与构件义的互动关系为:构式的压制造成N1、N2的语义对比凸显或加强,N1、N2的语义关系制约构式义的浮现和凸显。

A NEW METHOD FOR FINDING THE NATURAL FREQUENCY SET OF A LINEAR TIME-INVARIANT NETWORK

This paper presents a new method for finding the natural frequency set of a linear time invariant network. In the paper deriving and proving of a common equation are described. It is for the first time that in the common equation the natural frequencies of an n th order network are correlated with the n port parameters. The equation is simple and dual in form and clear in its physical meaning. The procedure of finding the solution is simplified and standardized, and it will not cause the loss of roots. The common equation would find wide use and be systematized.

Preliminary Analysis on Abnormal Granularity Layers of Soil Profile and the Response of Relative Factors in Loess Plateau

[Objective] The paper was to analyze organic carbon content （SOC）, granularity, total nitrogen content （TN）, carbon-nitrogen ratio （C/N）, calcium carbonate content （CaCO3） of 1cm soil profiles in returning forest in Zhifanggou watershed of Ansai County in Loess Plateau, so as to study the changes of physical and chemical properties in abnormal layer of soil reflected with granularity, as well as the physical and chemical responses of soil. [Method] Three quadrats with the size of 10 m×10 m were randomly selected in three sampling plots in Loess Plateau, three profiles in upper, middle and lower slope were excavated, and the samples were collected with interval of 10 cm; the surface layer with the depth of 0-10 cm was divided into two layers of 0-5 and 5-10 cm for sampling, respectively. Eleven samples were collected in each profile with a total of 99 samples. Its organic carbon content, granularity, total nitrogen content, carbon-nitrogen ratio and CaCO3 content were analyzed. [Result] The soil profiles in three sampling sites contained five characteristic layers, including a1, b1, b2, c1 and c2, the content of soil granule with particle size less than 0.02 mm decreased, and those with particle size 0.02 mm increased, the organic carbon content and C/N value （a1, b1, b2, c2） increased, but the increase trend of CaCO3 content was not obvious. [Conclusion] The study shows that the characteristic soil layer is commonly existed in loess region, especially the eroded loess region, which should be paid attention in the research fields of modern soil science and ecology.

Effect of Different Fertilization Patterns on Carbon and Nitrogen Components of Tobacco Topsoil

In order to explore the fertilizing ways and dynamic changes of soil carbon and nitrogen in the main producing areas of tobacco in Guizhou,research was conducted to study the variations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen,total organic carbon and nitrogen and their ratio of tobacco-topsoil in organic fertilization pattern and conventional cultivation pattern （No fertilizer as control） by pot experiment.The results were as follows：（1） The effects of different fertilization patterns on soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and total organic carbon and nitrogen were significantly different.The content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON in tobaccotopsoil was decreased with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern.In the conventional fertilization pattern,the accumulation of DOC and TOC was increased first and then decreased,and the accumulation of DON and TON was decreased first and then increased.（2） The TOC content at the different growing stage and DOC content at the middle and later stage of tobacco were significantly improved in organic fertilization patterns.The accumulation of DON and TON in the conventional fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the organic fertilizer pattern and control at the rosette stage and vigorous stage.In the harvest period,the content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil in the conventional fertilization and organic fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the control.（3）The DOC/DON ratio and the TOC/TiON ratio was increased gradually with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern,but they were increased first and then decreased in the organic fertilization pattern and CK.The DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio of tobacco-topsoil in different fertilization patterns was showed as Y J＞ CK＞ CG at the different growing stage.The experiment results revealed that：The organic fertilization pattern may improve significantly the accumulation of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil at the middle and later stage and the DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio at the different growth stage.It contributed to the continuous and balanced supply of nutrients at the middle and later stage of tobacco and the soil fertility.

Boundary Value Problems of p-Laplace Equations with Finite Time Delay

By establishing equivalent fixed point theorem, the boundary value problems of p Laplace equations with finite time delay are studied. It’s the first time that the functional differential equation is discussed with p Laplacian. The topological degree and fixed point theorem on cone are used to prove the existence of solution and positive solution. The conditions are all easy to check.

“很有N”短语中N的特征考察

语料库显示"很有N"短语中相当一部分的N有明显的形态特征,它们含有"感、力、性、心、气、味、法、意、头、处、情、势、法、见、量、益、度"等词缀。无形态特征的N主要表示"想法、品行、才学、声望、志向、趣味、样态、能力(力量)、气势、感知、成效"等意义。还有个别具有情态功能的词(表示概率与义务)虽然数量很少,但出现频率极高。根据形态和语义特点可对哪些名词能够进入"很有N"短语设定规则。

说“有N可V”

人们在用语言交流思想、传达信息的过程中,经常采用某种固定的格式来表达某种特定的意义。文章就从表、里、值三个角度,来说说"有N可V"这一格式。看看该格式到底符合人们怎样的表达需要。

KG2 over Rings with Division Rings of Quotients

A presentation of hyperbolic unitary group is an important part in the unitary group. The group KG 2,n (R) plays an elementary role in presentation of unitary group. It is proved that KG 2,n(R)=1 for n≥2 over a ring R with division ring of quotients, using a new method, and a presentation of GE n(R) is given.

“有”与“N”组构的语义负向偏移——以“有意见”为例

文章以'有'与'N'组构并发生语义负向偏移的个案'有意见'为例,从语义发生偏移的制约因素来探究语义负向偏移的根本原因。通过对相关语料的考察与分析,发现知域'有意见'的语义负向偏移现象发生在评价性的语境中,并且其关涉对象必须是无标记的。从名词'意见'的配价情况来看,知域'有意见'实际存在两个关涉对象,通过语句推导,得知其关涉对象的隐涵属性义成分含有负向[-正常]义素,这是语义发生负向偏移的关键。并认为,'有+N'语义发生负向偏移的原因具有一致性,其语用因素为关联理论下的弱暗含效应。

Robust photocatalytic benzene degradation using mesoporous disk-like N-TiO2 derived from MIL-125(Ti)

N-doped anatase-rutile titanium dioxide(N-TiO2)is a classical semiconductor widely used in environmental remediation.Its photocatalytic performance is typically affected by its morphology,porous structure,and phase composition.Herein,disk-like mesoporous N-TiO2 was prepared by calcining MIL-125(Ti)and melamine matrix at different temperatures in air.The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared mesoporous N-TiO2 for the photo-oxidation of gaseous benzene under visible-light irradiation was studied.With respect to light absorption and mass transfer,as-prepared N-TiO2 annealed at 500℃(MM-500)showed the best photocatalytic activity with corresponding photodegradation and mineralization efficiencies of 99.1%and 72.0%,respectively.In addition.MM-500 exhibited excellent reusability and stability in cyclic experiments,in which 84.8%of gaseous benzene could still be photodegraded after 10 experimental cycles.Furthermore,electron spin resonance analysis indicated that·OH and·O2-radicals were the dominating reactive oxygen species during the photo-oxidation process.Their excellent performance suggests that the as-prepared N-TiO2 photocatalysts can be used to eliminate volatile organic compounds.

The Counting Problem of an Order N-group of Set

In this paper, we discuss the counting prob lem of an order n-group of set (A 1,A 2,…,A n) which satisfies ∪ni=1A i=｛a 1,a 2,…,a m｝ and one of the following: (1) ∩ni=1A i=Φ; (2) ∩ni=1A i=｛b 1,b 2,…,b k｝;(3) ∩ni=1A 1｛b 1,b 2,…,b k｝; (4) A i≠Φ (i=1,2,…,k). We solve these problems by element analytical meth od.

ESTIMATION OF ACTIVATED ENERGY OF DESORPTION OF n-HEXANE ON ACTIVATED CARBONS BY TPD TECHNIQUE

In this paper, six kinds of activated carbons such as Ag+-activated carbon, Cu2+- activated carbon, Fe3+- activated carbon, activated carbon, Ba2+- activated carbon and Ca2+- activated carbon were prepared. The model for estimating activated energy of desorption was established. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments were conducted to measure the TPD curves of n-hexanol and then estimate the activation energy for desorption of n-hexanol on the activated carbons. Results showed that the activation energy for the desorption of n-hexanol on the Ag+- activated carbon, the Cu2+- activated carbon and the Fe3+- activated carbon were higher than those of n-hexanol on the activated carbon, the Ca2+- activated carbon and the Ba2+- activated carbon.

CHARACTERIZATION OF MAXIMAL OPERATORS IN ORLICZ-MORREY SPACES OF HOMOGENEOUS TYPE

. In this paper,the characterization of boundedness of Hardy-Littlewood maximal operators in Orlicz-Morrey spaces LΦφ（X,μ） of homogeneous type is founded.

Numerical simulation and experimental study on constant amplitude fatigue behavior of welded cross plate-hollow sphere joints

In order to reveal the constant-fatigue fracture form and mechanism of the welded cross plate-hollow sphere joints(WCPHSJs)and establish its formula,the WCPHSJs were fatigue tested.A total of 19 specimens were tested under constant amplitude fatigue loads using a specially designed test rig.The joint was analyzed statically by t e finite element analysis(F3A),and metallographic analysis of fatigue fracture was done by the electron scanning microscope.Numerical simulation and experimental results show that the hot-spot of WCPHSJ lies at the weld toe location where severe stress is concentrated.Fatigue cracks initiate at the weld toe and then propagate circumferentially around the sphere with a diameter equivalent to the width of the cross plate up to the fatigue facture.The initial welding defects and constructional detail constitute the main factor of fatigue failure.The S-N curves for the joints were developed through a linear regession analysis of fatigue data.A formula for calculating constant amplitude fatigue,base on the concept of the hot spot stress amplitude,is proposed.

A MOF derived hierarchically porous 3D N‐CoP_(x)/Ni_(2)P electrode for accelerating hydrogen evolution at high current densities

Hydrogen evolution reaction is a critical reaction in water splitting for hydrogen production.However,developing effective and stable non‐noble‐metal electrocatalysts which work well at high current densities demanded by industry still remain great challenge.Herein,taking advantage of the highly tunable metal‐organic framework(MOF)templates,nitrogen doped binary transition metal phosphides electrocatalysts(N‐CoP_(x)/Ni_(2)P)with three‐dimensional(3D)conductive network structure were successfully synthesized.The 3D open porous channels could expose more catalytically active sites;nitrogen doping and the synergistic effect between CoP and Ni_(2)P can increase the electron density of Co atoms at active sites,further optimizing the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen(ΔGH*)and water(ΔG_(H_(2)O*)).As a result,the obtained N‐CoP_(x)/Ni_(2)P catalyst exhibits extraordinary electrocatalytic activity in a wide pH range.Especially,it requires an extremely low overpotential of 152 mV to deliver a high current density of 650 mA cm^(–2) in alkaline media.This work may shed some light on the rational design of cheap electrocatalysts and electrode materials that work well at high current densities.

Halogen adsorbates on polymer-stabilized gold clusters: Mass spectrometric detection and effects on catalysis

The mass spectrometry of gold clusters stabilized by poly（N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone） （Au：PVP） re‐vealed the presence of Cl adsorbates derived from synthetic precursors, mainly on the Au34 and Au43 clusters. Changes in the amount of Cl adsorbates on the Au clusters did not affect the catalytic prop‐erties for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol, suggesting that the Cl atoms were only weakly bound to the Au clusters. In contrast, the replacement of Cl with Br on the Au34 and Au43 clusters significantly suppressed activity, without any influence on the electronic structure. This result indi‐cated that the Br atoms were strongly bound to the Au clusters and sterically blocked their active sites. The substantial reduction of the catalytic activity by the Br adsorbates suggested that the Au34 and Au43 clusters made a major contribution to the catalytic activity of the Au：PVP.

Environmental Effects of Water Quality of Melendiz Stream and Mamasin Dam Site in Aksaray City in the Central Anatolia of Turkey

The main purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the water quality of Melendiz and Karasu streams, which recharge the Mamasin dam, and to evaluate its environmental impacts on the dam site that provides drinking water and irrigation demand in Aksaray city in the Central Anatolia of Turkey. The field researches were focused on estimating the main sources of contamination, determining and evaluating the changes in the water quality due to the direct wastewater discharges into the Melendiz and Karasu rivers, which recharge the Mamasin dam sites. During the study, water samples were collected from Melendiz and Karasu stream and Mamasin dam, and then, the physical and chemical analyses of water samples were conducted. The relevant in-situ and laboratory analyses were carried out during the dry and wet seasons. The results of the analyses showed that in term of the surface water quality criteria in terms of NO3-N value of both rivers and dam waters, the water quality is always considered as the 1st class in Melendiz stream, the 2nd class in Karasu stream and the 3rd class in Mamasin dam lake. Whereas, in terms of NO4-N values of both rivers and dam waters, the water quality is always considered as the 1st class in Melendiz stream, the 2nd-3rd class in Karasu stream. The total organic carbon （TOC） range for Karasu river is usually from 20 mg/L to 40 mg/L. The high value of organic matter in the Karasu stream can be explained by the availability of intensive green wetlands around this water resource. Finally, the Ministry of Forest and Water Authority give some suggestions for estimating protection zones of Melendiz stream and Mamasin basin＇s area, such as using the results of environmental tracers to investigate the agricultural contamination, including more sophisticated applications of multiple-tracer analyses to evaluate the travel time of contaminants and estimate the boundary of protection zones.

[(n-C_4H_9)_3SnO_2C(CH_2)_2CO_2Sn(C_4H_9-n)_3]: A Novel Three-dimensional Framework Structure of Organotin Complex

The bis(tributyltin) ester of succinic acid was synthesized by the reaction of disodium salt of succinic acid with tributyltin chloride in a molar ratio of 1:2. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. It belongs to orthorhombic with space group Pccn, a = 20.949(3), b = 17.470(3), c = 20.345(3) Angstrom, V = 7446(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 8, D-c = 1.242 g/cm(3), mu = 1.365 mm(-1), F(000) = 2864, R = 0.0544 and wR = 0.1417. The tin atom is of five-coordination in a trigonal bipyramidal structure by bridging two carboxylate groups in different directions and the resulting structure which contains straight twist large ring channels along the axes of a, b and c is a three-dimensional framework polymer containing two different tin atoms.