Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and ligh...Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and lightweight properties,several display techniques have been demonstrated.There are mainly four types of electronic display device:cathode ray tube(CRT),liquid-crystal display(LCD),organic light-emitting diode(OLED),and micro-LED.Due to the different working principles and device structures,each type of display device has its special characteristic properties.The performance of devices could be adjusted through the material selection or device design.With careful device structure regulation,not only the efficiency but also the stability would be improved.Herein,a brief review of innovative strategies towards the structure design is presented.展开更多
Peat in boreholes is the most important ^(14)C dating material used for constructing age framework. 20 bulk peat samples were collected from five boreholes, the ^(14)C ages of two fractions(organic sediment fraction a...Peat in boreholes is the most important ^(14)C dating material used for constructing age framework. 20 bulk peat samples were collected from five boreholes, the ^(14)C ages of two fractions(organic sediment fraction and peat fraction) of the bulk peat samples were investigated by AMS-dating and which fraction is better to help construct an age framework for the boreholes were compared and discussed. The results indicated that the peat fraction give a good dating results sequence in the boreholes, compared with the corresponding organic sediment fraction. And the dating results of organic sediment fraction show 161-6 702 years older than corresponding peat fraction, which was caused by marine influence. Then, we suggest an experience formula as y =0.99 x-466.5 by the correlation analysis for correcting the marine influenced organic sediment ages within the conventional ages between 4 000 to 9 000 yrs BP, and more study should be carried out for the AMS ^(14)C dating of the bulk organic sediments.展开更多
This article analyzes the form and the mechanism of non-public forestry's institution obstacles by classical economies, institution economics', legal economics and economic theories of modern forestry. Regarding the...This article analyzes the form and the mechanism of non-public forestry's institution obstacles by classical economies, institution economics', legal economics and economic theories of modern forestry. Regarding the proprietary institution as the core, and cost-income as the main clewf-it defines the concept and eategory, of non-public forestry subsidy and compensation. And oecorrling to the relased control and efficiency principle of market econonf-this paper establishes a set of institution that accords with the development of non-public forestry, offers both theoretical supports and decision- making references to remove institution obstacles of nan-public forestry, and coordinates the policies of non-public forestry with those of the public-owned forestry.展开更多
Innovation is one of the main drivers of economic development. In the knowledge economy era, the quickness of technological developments and globalization has changed the structure of business world. Consequently, thi...Innovation is one of the main drivers of economic development. In the knowledge economy era, the quickness of technological developments and globalization has changed the structure of business world. Consequently, this situation creates opportunities and also threats for companies. Companies should attach importance to innovation in order to maintain sustainable growth and gain competitive advantage. According to Barsky and Marchat (2000) in the new economy the value of a company is not found with its tangible assets, revenues, financial ratios or market share, but with its intellectual capital, organizational culture, customer loyalty and brand equity. According to resource-based view of the company; the resources are fundamental factors of competitiveness and performance. These resources are regarded as strategic assets, which include tangible and intangible assets. Intellectual capital which is becoming one of the important commercial assets of the 21 st century is a way of describing a company's intangible assets that are vital for company success. Intellectual capital consists of human capital, relational capital and structural capital. Intellectual capital which is a core strategical resource of a company is playing a crucial role in a company's innovation performance. This study attempts to analyze the interrelationships between intellectual capital and innovation in the context of resource-based view of the company. This study also focuses in particular on the effects of human capital, relational capital and structural capital which are the components of intellectual capital, on innovation by integrating the relevant theoretical and empirical evidence.展开更多
There are two opposing views over the necessity of privatization for SOEs. While some believe that privatization is the only solution to SOE inefficiency, others contend that privatization will lead to serious loss of...There are two opposing views over the necessity of privatization for SOEs. While some believe that privatization is the only solution to SOE inefficiency, others contend that privatization will lead to serious loss of state assets without resolving the problem. This paper examined how performance evaluation system contributed to the innovation and profitability of central SOEs after the implementation of the revised Interim Measures for Assessment of the Operational Performance of Persons in Charge of Central Enterprises in 2009. Using this revision as a natural experiment, this paper conducted a difference-indifference analysis and discovered a significant improvement in the innovation of central SOEs after the implementation of the new policy as compared with private firms not affected by this system. Moreover, the revised performance evaluation system significantly improved the marginal contribution of innovation to corporate value. The above test result indicates that SOEs may become more efficient solely by altering executive incentives without privatization. In this sense, privatization may not be the only solution to SOE inefficiency. This paper offers theoretical insights on the controversies regarding SOE privatization and helps enrich relevant literature on corporate incentives and innovation.展开更多
The bionic consciousness,idea,and practice opened a unique path for the progress of mankind,the development of the society,and the innovation of science and technology from the subconscious bionic activities of the an...The bionic consciousness,idea,and practice opened a unique path for the progress of mankind,the development of the society,and the innovation of science and technology from the subconscious bionic activities of the ancient humans to the significant bionic designs in modern engineering.Nowadays,driven by the practical demand of human beings,bionics becomes an important factor for the sustainable development of technology.A lot of new and outstanding innovations have been produced through the effective interactions between bionics,technology,and demand.The stronger the interactions,the greater the innovation success would be.In this article,the basic factors such as the connotation,characteristics,and interactions of bionic demands,bionic models,bionic simulations,and bionic products were explained,which are the indispensable basic knowledge for improving the ability of innovation especially for the original one,realizing the design and innovation of new technology and manufacturing for better bionic products.展开更多
基金Projects(71572028,71872027)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Display devices have significantly changed our daily life for decades,from the watches,television,to the laptop and smartphone.As the desire of advanced display device with high-resolution,long operation life and lightweight properties,several display techniques have been demonstrated.There are mainly four types of electronic display device:cathode ray tube(CRT),liquid-crystal display(LCD),organic light-emitting diode(OLED),and micro-LED.Due to the different working principles and device structures,each type of display device has its special characteristic properties.The performance of devices could be adjusted through the material selection or device design.With careful device structure regulation,not only the efficiency but also the stability would be improved.Herein,a brief review of innovative strategies towards the structure design is presented.
基金Supported by the China Geological Survey(No.121201006000182401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41476074,41372173)
文摘Peat in boreholes is the most important ^(14)C dating material used for constructing age framework. 20 bulk peat samples were collected from five boreholes, the ^(14)C ages of two fractions(organic sediment fraction and peat fraction) of the bulk peat samples were investigated by AMS-dating and which fraction is better to help construct an age framework for the boreholes were compared and discussed. The results indicated that the peat fraction give a good dating results sequence in the boreholes, compared with the corresponding organic sediment fraction. And the dating results of organic sediment fraction show 161-6 702 years older than corresponding peat fraction, which was caused by marine influence. Then, we suggest an experience formula as y =0.99 x-466.5 by the correlation analysis for correcting the marine influenced organic sediment ages within the conventional ages between 4 000 to 9 000 yrs BP, and more study should be carried out for the AMS ^(14)C dating of the bulk organic sediments.
基金Supported by Shanxi Provincial Soft Science (2004KR88)Shanxi Philosophical Social and Science Fund (04D023Z)
文摘This article analyzes the form and the mechanism of non-public forestry's institution obstacles by classical economies, institution economics', legal economics and economic theories of modern forestry. Regarding the proprietary institution as the core, and cost-income as the main clewf-it defines the concept and eategory, of non-public forestry subsidy and compensation. And oecorrling to the relased control and efficiency principle of market econonf-this paper establishes a set of institution that accords with the development of non-public forestry, offers both theoretical supports and decision- making references to remove institution obstacles of nan-public forestry, and coordinates the policies of non-public forestry with those of the public-owned forestry.
文摘Innovation is one of the main drivers of economic development. In the knowledge economy era, the quickness of technological developments and globalization has changed the structure of business world. Consequently, this situation creates opportunities and also threats for companies. Companies should attach importance to innovation in order to maintain sustainable growth and gain competitive advantage. According to Barsky and Marchat (2000) in the new economy the value of a company is not found with its tangible assets, revenues, financial ratios or market share, but with its intellectual capital, organizational culture, customer loyalty and brand equity. According to resource-based view of the company; the resources are fundamental factors of competitiveness and performance. These resources are regarded as strategic assets, which include tangible and intangible assets. Intellectual capital which is becoming one of the important commercial assets of the 21 st century is a way of describing a company's intangible assets that are vital for company success. Intellectual capital consists of human capital, relational capital and structural capital. Intellectual capital which is a core strategical resource of a company is playing a crucial role in a company's innovation performance. This study attempts to analyze the interrelationships between intellectual capital and innovation in the context of resource-based view of the company. This study also focuses in particular on the effects of human capital, relational capital and structural capital which are the components of intellectual capital, on innovation by integrating the relevant theoretical and empirical evidence.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:71172205,71372126,71502161,71572133 and 71672134)the Humanities and Social Science Project of the Ministry of Education(Grant No.:15YJA630057)
文摘There are two opposing views over the necessity of privatization for SOEs. While some believe that privatization is the only solution to SOE inefficiency, others contend that privatization will lead to serious loss of state assets without resolving the problem. This paper examined how performance evaluation system contributed to the innovation and profitability of central SOEs after the implementation of the revised Interim Measures for Assessment of the Operational Performance of Persons in Charge of Central Enterprises in 2009. Using this revision as a natural experiment, this paper conducted a difference-indifference analysis and discovered a significant improvement in the innovation of central SOEs after the implementation of the new policy as compared with private firms not affected by this system. Moreover, the revised performance evaluation system significantly improved the marginal contribution of innovation to corporate value. The above test result indicates that SOEs may become more efficient solely by altering executive incentives without privatization. In this sense, privatization may not be the only solution to SOE inefficiency. This paper offers theoretical insights on the controversies regarding SOE privatization and helps enrich relevant literature on corporate incentives and innovation.
基金supported by the Cooperative Innovation Platform of National Oil Shale Exploration Development and Research,the National Natural Science Foundation for Youths(Grant Nos.51205160 and 51375006)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20120061120110)
文摘The bionic consciousness,idea,and practice opened a unique path for the progress of mankind,the development of the society,and the innovation of science and technology from the subconscious bionic activities of the ancient humans to the significant bionic designs in modern engineering.Nowadays,driven by the practical demand of human beings,bionics becomes an important factor for the sustainable development of technology.A lot of new and outstanding innovations have been produced through the effective interactions between bionics,technology,and demand.The stronger the interactions,the greater the innovation success would be.In this article,the basic factors such as the connotation,characteristics,and interactions of bionic demands,bionic models,bionic simulations,and bionic products were explained,which are the indispensable basic knowledge for improving the ability of innovation especially for the original one,realizing the design and innovation of new technology and manufacturing for better bionic products.