本体:学术的与现实的——兼论哲学的无定论和有定论

若是将中西传统哲学的本体论置于“解释”世界和“建构”世界两种视野之下来看待,便会看到本体的两种含义:学术的和现实的。在本体论研究中,哲学家仅从“解释”世界的视野看待本体论,仅知道本体在哲学理论中被解释的含义,亦即学术含义,西方传统哲学还据此把探讨本体论的形而上学看成是第一科学,并因此导致了西方形而上学的“危机”和拒斥形而上学的潮流。但从“建构”世界的视野看待本体论,就会发现中西传统哲学家在解释本体的含义时基于科学知识融入了自己主观的价值诉求,并试图把这种价值诉求作为一种“意义”赋予本体或者说世界。当哲学家的做法在符合“事实合理性”标准的基础上又符合“价值合理性”标准并得到某些主观条件支持时,他们赋予本体或世界的意义就会被社会大众当成真实存在的世界本质,学术的本体就变成了现实的本体,社会大众据此而形成自己的世界观,并经由人性的规定决定其人生观和价值观。如果哲学家仅站在“哲学之内”在“解释”世界的视野中把本体的含义理解为学术的含义,就会因在何谓“超验”本体的问题上争论不休但又无法基于经验判定对错而得出“哲学无定论”的结论;但若是他们能站在“哲学之外”在“建构”世界的视野中发现本体的现实的含义,那么,就能发现一种在特定的历史条件下经由本体论建构的确定的世界,得出“哲学有定论”的结论,并发现一直被哲学界普遍忽视的哲学学科最为重要的“建构”世界的作用。

哲学有定论还是无定论?

哲学有定论抑或无定论是一个哲学观问题,亦即关涉哲学是什么的元问题,对此学术界有两种相互抵牾的看法:"哲学无定论"与"哲学有定论",二者各持判据,但只表达了片面性真理。在其合理性上哲学乃是无定论和有定论的合题,它既有客观事实依据又有人性论基础,凸显出主观世界与客观世界的矛盾张力结构。

On capped Higgs positivity cone

The Wilson coefficients of the standard model effective field theory are subject to a series of positivity bounds.It has been shown that while the positivity part of the ultraviolet(UV)partial wave unitarity leads to the Wilson coefficients living in a convex cone,further including the nonpositivity part caps the cone from above.For Higgs scattering,a capped positivity cone was obtained using a simplified,linear unitarity condition without utilizing the full internal symmetries of Higgs scattering.Here,we further implement stronger nonlinear unitarity conditions from the UV,which generically gives rise to better bounds.We show that,for the Higgs case in particular,while the nonlinear unitarity conditions per se do not enhance the bounds,the fuller use of the internal symmetries do shrink the capped positivity cone significantly.

A Generalization of Cuccia＇s Theorem

For a finite group G, let S（G） be the set of minimal subgroups of odd order,which are complemented in G. It is proved that if every minimal subgroup X of odd orderof G which does not belong to S（G）, CG（X） is either subnormal or abnormal in G. Then Gsolvable.

Debye Entropic Force and Modified Newtonian Dynamics

Verlinde has suggested that the gravity has an entropic origin, and a gravitational system could be regarded as a thermodynarnical system. It is well-known that the equipartition law of energy is invalid at very low temperature. Therefore, entropic force should be modified while the temperature of the holographic screen is very low. It is shown that the modified entropic force is proportional to the square of the acceleration, while the temperature of the holographic screen is much lower than the Debye temperature TD. The modified entropic force returns to the Newton＇s law of gravitation while the temperature of the holographic screen is much higher than the Debye temperature. The modified entropic force is connected with modified Newtonian dynamics （MOND）. The constant ao involved in MOND is linear in the Debye frequency WD, which can be regarded as the largest frequency of the bits in screen. We find that there do have a strong connection between MOND and cosmology in the framework of Verlinde＇s entropic force, if the holographic screen is taken to be bound of the Universe. The Debye frequency is linear in the Hubble constant Ho.

Entropic Definition of Human Happiness and Suffering

The Almighty created man for contentment, and not for suffering. Creation of the universe was a leap from absolute entropy to substance and the vital world. According to our hypothesis, the goal of creating the universe and humans was to create enjoyment and pleasure by depressing the level of entropy. Current definitions do not adequately express the nature and origin of happiness or suffering, nor do they suggest how to treat, relieve, and prevent the torment of a healthy or sick individual. Our team developed and proposed the entropy theory as a new definition for human happiness and suffering. Entropy is a lack of order or a state of chaos. Human happiness may be defined as the complex of positive sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts. These arise due to the depressed level of entropy of the individual＇s organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or in the future. Human suffering is the complex of negative sensations, perceptions, emotions, or thoughts that arise due to an increased level of entropy of a person＇s organism, empathy for others, or germane surroundings in the past, present, or future. A source of happiness and pleasure denotes depression of entropy in humans. Therefore, in order to treat suffering, one should ensure that the entropy level is reduced by complementing it with that which is missing.

Application of material strength reserve method to the stability analysis of earth dam of feilaixia multipurpose project

The material strength reserve method is practical in the study of the stability and failure mechanism of earth dam by analysing the development of failure zone of different shear strength parameters of the earth mass of the dam. The stability in the concrete dam and ensemble architecture has got general application while analysing. In combination with Feilaixia Multipurpose Project, application of this method to earth dam stability analysis was studied by plane Finite Element Method(FEM) for the first time. Through plane FEM, we can get the failure mechanism of earth dam and appraise to the security, for operating and managing put forward some reference suggestions.

Development of a Methodology for Determination and Analysis of Thermal Displacements of Machine Tools Using Finite Elements Method and Artificial Neural Network

In the processes of manufacturing, MT （machine tools） plays an important role in the manufacture of work pieces with complex and high dimensional and geometric accuracy. Much of the errors of a machine tool are those which are thermally induced which are from internal and external heat sources acting on the machine. In this paper, a methodology for determining and analyzing the thermal deformation of machine tools using FEM （finite element method） and ANN （artificial neural networks） is presented. After modeling the machine using FEM is defined the location of the heat sources, it is possible to obtain the temperature gradient and the corresponding thermal deformation at predetermined periods. Results obtained with simulations using the software NX.7.5 showed that this methodology is an effective tool in determining the thermal deformation of the machine, correlating the temperature reading at strategic points with volumetric deformation at the tool tip. Therefore, the thermal analysis of the errors in the pair tool part can be established. After training and validation process, the network will be able to make the prediction of thermal errors just stating the temperature values of specific points of each heat source, providing a way for compensation of thermally induced errors.

Nature of Gravitation.The Structural Intuition of Gravitation in the Framework of Early Modern Mechanical Philosophy

As is generally known, Newton＇s notion of universal gravitation surpassed various theories of particular gravities in the early modem age, as represented mainly by Kepler and Hooke. In his seminal work Hooke and the Law of Universal Gravitation： A Reappraisal of a Reappraisal Richard S. Westfall argues that Hooke could not reach beyond the concept of spatially bounded particular gravities, as he deployed the method of analogy between the material principle of congruity and incongruity and the extension of gravitational spheres and their action at a distance. However, the doctrine of universal gravitation does not exclude the nature of particular gravities; it is predicated on the notion of an infinite expansion of individual-gravitational spheres and their uniform nature, namely the mutual and centripetal attraction. In my treatise 1 attempt to reinvestigate the nature and structure of gravitation, as established historically in the framework of Newtonian Classical Mechanics, by a method of structural intuition. It examines how the structural intuition, as represented in the celestial-mechanical intuitions of Hooke and Kepler, could unfold into an innovative process within the context of early modem mechanical philosophy, attaining thus a historical siglaificance and legitimacy as against the prevailing Newtonian method of geometric-mathematical axiomatization of mechanical principles. It also explores the actual demonstrative features of the tidal phenomenon with regard to its lunar- and solar-gravitational causation, which has been considered to date to be an important piece of empirical evidence for the theory of universal gravitation.

论瞿秋白的社会有机体理论

瞿秋白是中国共产党早期主要领导人之一,他在传播、译介马克思主义唯物史观,推进马克思主义哲学中国化的过程中,运用马克思社会有机体理论的分析路径,对社会有机体的系统结构、发展动力、运行规律,以及历史主体等都做了系统而深刻的研究和阐释,用以解答当时中国革命的性质、特点、动力、规律等问题,指导中国革命实践,因而具有强烈的时代性、实践性和革命性,为以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人创立新民主主义革命理论作出了重要贡献。深入研究瞿秋白的社会有机体理论,不仅可以拓宽我们研究瞿氏马克思主义哲学思想的历史视野,而且可以从其对诸如生产力与生产关系的矛盾运动、人的自由意志与历史必然性、阶级与阶级斗争、创造历史主体与领袖人物的重要作用等辩证论述中获得有益的启示,以更加科学的态度坚持和发展马克思主义,推动中国特色社会主义有机体前进。

STABILITY OF CERTAIN RINGS OF HIGHEST WEIGHT VECTORS

The authors prove the stability of the rings of highest weight vectors of the action of Om x GLn on the complex polynomial rings on Cm,n. As an application, the structure of the rings for m = 3 is determined.

Finite-Time Generalized Outer Synchronization Between Two Different Complex Networks

This paper investigates the finite-time generalized outer synchronization between two complex dynamical networks with different dynamical behaviors. The two networks can be undirected or directed, and they may also contain isolated nodes and clusters. By using suitable controllers, sufficient conditions for finite-time generalized outer synchronization are derived based on the finite-time stability theory. Finally, numerical examples are examined to illustrate the effectiveness of the analytical results. The effect of control parameters on the synchronization time is also numerically demonstrated.

Anti-unwinding attitude maneuver control of spacecraft considering bounded disturbance and input saturation

The attitude maneuver control of spacecraft under bounded disturbance and input saturation is investigated in this paper.Using the Lyapunov stability theory,an anti-saturation sliding mode control algorithm is given by designing a time-varying sliding mode to solve the input saturated attitude control problem without disturbance.Then combining the merit in anti-saturation of time-varying sliding mode controller with the merit in anti-disturbance of time-invariant sliding mode controller,a switching strategy between the two controllers is designed to solve the attitude maneuver control problem under input saturation and bounded disturbance.However,double value of quaternions makes the attitude slewing unwinding.To solve the problem,an attitude error vector is designed.Based on the error vector,a modified sliding mode control algorithm is proposed which simultaneously has the ability of anti-saturation,anti-disturbance and anti-unwinding.Simulation results show that the algorithm in this paper is feasible and effective.

Quantization of Space in the Presence of a Minimal Length

In this article, we apply the Generalized Uncertainty Principle （GUP）, which is consistent with quantum gravity theories to an elementary particle in a finite potential well, and study the quantum behavior in this system. The generalized Hamiltonian contains two additional terms, which are proportional to ap3 （the result of the maximum momentum assumption） and a2p4 （the result of the minimum length assumption）, where a - 1/MpIc is the GUP parameter. On the basis of the work by Ali et al., we solve the generaiized Schrodinger equation which is extended to include the a2 correction term, and find that the length L of the finite potentiai well must be quantized. Then a generalization to the double-square-well potential is discussed. The result shows that all the measurable lengths especially the distance between the two potential wells are quantized in units of aolp1 in GUP scenario.