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谈谈历史教学中运用系统论方法对教材内容重组的原则和方法 被引量:2
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作者 黄雁 《当代教育理论与实践》 2012年第4期113-116,共4页
系统论方法是一种现代思维方法,运用于中学历史教学之中有利于学生自觉地理解历史,也有利于培养学生的创新意识。它通过对知识的整合,把一个个相互联系的、有着各自不同地位的历史事件组建成网络,并通过对网络中各要素关系及地位的反复... 系统论方法是一种现代思维方法,运用于中学历史教学之中有利于学生自觉地理解历史,也有利于培养学生的创新意识。它通过对知识的整合,把一个个相互联系的、有着各自不同地位的历史事件组建成网络,并通过对网络中各要素关系及地位的反复分析,总结出历史规律,进而总结出社会发展的优化模型,增强学生对社会现实的评价和分析能力,达到学以致用的目的。 展开更多
关键词 系统论方法 整体性方法 有序性方法 系统等级分析法 模型化和优化方法
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Influence of crystallographic orientation on growth behavior of spherical voids
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作者 张新明 刘文辉 +1 位作者 唐建国 叶凌英 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 EI 2008年第2期159-164,共6页
The influence of crystallographic orientation on the void growth in FCC crystals was numerically simulated with 3D crystal plasticity finite element by using a 3D unit cell including a spherical void, and the rate-dep... The influence of crystallographic orientation on the void growth in FCC crystals was numerically simulated with 3D crystal plasticity finite element by using a 3D unit cell including a spherical void, and the rate-dependent crystal plasticity theory was implemented as a user material subroutine. The results of the simulations show that crystallographic orientation has significant influence on the growth behavior of the void. Different active slip systems of the regions around the void cause the discontinuity in lattice rotation around the void, and the corner-like region is formed. In the case of the void located at grain boundary, large heterogeneous deformation occurs between the two grains, and the equivalent plastic deformation along grain boundary near the void in the case of θ=45^o (θ is the angle between grain boundary direction and X-axis) is larger than the others. Large difference of orientation factor of the two grains leads to large equivalent plastic deformation along grain boundary, and the unit cell is more likely to fail by intergranular fracture. 展开更多
关键词 crystallographic orientation void growth crystal plasticity user subroutine finite element method
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