不同有机土栽培基质对大棚黄瓜生长和产量的影响

为了促进我国蔬菜产量良好发展,研究不同有机土栽培基质对大棚黄瓜生产和产量的影响。结果表明,对于黄瓜植株生长情况来说,以低量有机肥栽培基质及大豆秸秆处理栽培基质效果较好;对于黄瓜产量来说,以低量鸡粪栽培基质及大豆秸秆处理栽培基质效果较好。

有机土基质栽培对生姜产量及氮磷钾利用效率的影响

为提高生姜有机土基质栽培的肥料利用效率,设土壤栽培不施肥(CK1)和常规土壤栽培(CK2)两个对照,研究了有机土基质栽培不施肥(T1)、有机土基质栽培与土壤栽培等量施肥(T2)、有机土基质栽培与按目标产量需肥量施肥(T3)对生姜生长及氮磷钾吸收利用特性的影响。结果表明,生姜植株生长量以T2、T3较高,T1较低,CK2居中,T1的生物产量、经济产量分别比CK2降低27.63%、23.01%,而T2、T3则分别比CK2提高17.46%、15.36%和11.05%、13.04%;T2的生物产量显著高于T3,但经济产量则与T3无显著差异。生姜对氮(N)、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)利用率以T3较高,分别达35.11%、22.81%和46.25%,较CK2分别高7.31个百分点、3.65个百分点和14.98个百分点;T3的氮、钾利用率也显著高于T2,但二者对磷的利用率无显著差异。生姜肥料农学效率及偏生产力均以T3较高,分别达14.46kg·kg-1和45.34kg·kg-1,而T2和CK2仅分别为10.26、30.86kg·kg-1和11.25、26.75kg·kg-1。表明生姜有机土基质栽培适量施用速效化肥有利于提高肥效和生产能力。

Effects of Substrates before and after Fermenting Treatment on the Growth,Development and Cut Flower Quality of Lily

[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the effects of substrates before and after fermenting treatment on the growth,development and cut flower quality of lily.[Method] Oriental lily cultivar ＇Siberia＇ was taken as material to study the effect of using fermentative and unfermented agricultural waste as substrates on the growth,development and cut flower quality of lily.And the physical and chemical properties of substrates before and after fermenting treatment were studied.[Result] The full decomposition of agricultural waste would greatly improve the physical and chemical properties of substrates,such as the fermentative substrates changed to stabilization,the ratio of carbon nitrogen had dropped drastically,the total porosity was increase,the ratio of gas and water was better,and the nutrition elements was increased.Moreover,it could significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,leaf area,leaf fresh weight and so on,as well as expanded the lily roots and significantly improved the rate of cut flower and cut flower quality.[Conclusion] This study had provided theoretically basis for the cultivation of cut lily.

Development of Organic Ecological Soilless Cultivation

This paper reviewed the development of organic ecotype soilless cultivation, the characteristics and advantages and development prospects, and the sources, types and nutritional characteristics of main cultivation. Compared with other cultivation methods, the research analyzed development prospects of soilless cultivation technology.