有机基材喷播绿化技术在高速公路岩质边坡的应用

就高速公路岩质边坡有机基材喷播绿化的关键技术进行了概述,为克服当前我国高速公路岩质边坡绿化传流技术(一般方法)的不足,提高植被恢复效果提供了依据。从而也使我国高速公路的绿化走上一条“生态、经济和社会”效益三结合的可持续发展道路。

有机复合客土基材接触面剪切力学特性试验

为研究高分子材料和接触面粗糙度对土-岩接触面剪切力学性能的影响,设计预制混凝土模块作为岩面相似材料,开展一系列改进型直剪试验,分析高分子材料和接触面粗糙度的影响规律,并结合扫描电镜试验深入揭示高分子材料的改良机制。结果表明,高分子材料主要通过提高黏聚力极大地改善基材土和接触面的剪切力学性能,掺量2%的基材试样黏聚力达41.76 kPa,提高了约3倍。掺量2%的不同接触面试样黏聚力提高了2~7倍;增大接触面粗糙度主要通过提高黏聚力增强接触面剪切力学性能,粗糙度为6.5 mm的不同接触面间黏聚力提升幅度为12.27~23.77 kPa,提高了0.4~3.9倍;对于平坦接触面和粗糙接触面,高分子材料对剪切性能的强化表现为两种不同模式;高分子材料与接触面粗糙度对接触面的剪切性能具有协同强化效应。

有机植生基材在岩质坡面快速绿化技术中的开发应用

采矿、修路等建设工地开挖后裸露的大面积岩质坡面绿化已成为当今绿化的一个热点。随着岩质坡面喷混植生技术的研究成功以及在越来越多工程项目中的应用,作为喷混植生新技术的核心之一的有机植生基材,用工厂化生产取代工程现场配制已成为一种大的发展趋势。文章对有机植生基材的原料选择、配比研究以及有机植生基材生产企业技术标准进行报道,为今后同类产品的生产提供参考依据。

酵素菌肥在岩石边坡喷播绿化中的应用试验初报

以杭徽高速公路昌化——昱岭关段路堑岩石边坡为试验点,以酵素菌堆肥为主要成分配制有机基材,与常规配方的两种有机基材进行了客土喷播绿化对比试验。试验结果表明:植物生长1a后,采用酵素菌肥绿化的岩石边坡上,植物的各项指标均优于对照组的常规配方。

草皮产业化生产的经济特征分析和探讨

本文在总结国内外草皮生产的历史和现状的基础上,对草皮生产关联的主要经济性状进行了分析,提出了成都地区实现草皮产业化生产的可能性和亟待解决的问题。

国外建筑涂料二则

新型防水涂料这种新型防水涂料是由水泥为主要成分的无机基材与成膜物为主要成分的有机基材组成。由于两种基材的综合作用,涂料具有良好的防水性、耐水性、附着力和耐风化性。一、涂料组成 1.无机基料组成——酪素、水泥、消石灰、耐碱玻璃纤维和石棉 2.有机基料组成——醋酸乙烯树脂乳液、氨水、酪素、橡胶胶乳、丙烯酸酯树脂乳液和干性油(松节油、熟油等)。二。

铝纤维无纺表面薄毡

英国Lantor公司已决定生产用于制造传导材料的一种铝纤维无纺表面薄毡,名为Lantorine。该材料特别适用于需要高速传导电、热、电磁的传导层的玻璃纤维增强塑料。 该材料由纯铝纤维无规律地定位排列在有机基材上组合构成的。把它加入玻璃纤维增强塑料结构中,可以用来做卫星地面雷达天线、广播通讯的定向天线、视步信号显示部件、微信息处理机,电缆、电力线、航空和汽车电磁干扰屏蔽元件、假目标、气象气球及特殊应用的雷达吸收材料。

Tuning the growth of Cu-MOFs for efficient catalytic hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide

Development of the high activity,promoter‐free catalysts for carbonyl sulfide(COS)hydrolysis is important for the efficient utilization of various feedstocks.In this study,the Cu‐based metal‐organic framework HKUST‐1is synthesized by a simple and mild anodic‐dissolution electrochemical method.The physical and chemical properties of the samples are characterized by several techniques,including scanning electron microscopy,X‐ray diffraction,Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller analysis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results reveal that the synthesis voltage plays a crucial role in controlling the morphology of the resulting HKUST‐1.The obtained samples function as novel catalysts for the hydrolysis of COS.A high efficiency,approaching100%,can be achieved for the conversion of COS at150oC over the optimal HKUST‐1synthesized at25V.This is significantly higher than that of the sample prepared by the traditional hydrothermal method.Additionally,the effects of the water temperature and the flow velocity on the hydrolysis of COS are also investigated in detail.Finally,a possible reaction pathway of COS hydrolysis over HKUST‐1is also proposed.This work represents the first example of MOFs applied to the catalytic hydrolysis of COS.The results presented in this study can be anticipated to give a feasible impetus to design novel catalysts for removing the sulfur‐containing compounds.

Highly selective hydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over MIL-101(Cr)-NH_2 supported Pd catalyst at low temperature

An efficient heterogeneous catalyst,Pd@MIL‐101(Cr)‐NH2,is prepared through a direct pathway of anionic exchange followed by hydrogen reduction with amino‐containing MIL‐101as the host matrix.The composite is thermally stable up to350°C and the Pd nanoparticles uniformly disperse on the matal organic framework(MOF)support,which are attributed to the presence of the amino groups in the frameworks of MIL‐101(Cr)‐NH2.The selective hydrogenation of biomass‐based furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is investigated by using this multifunctional catalyst Pd@MIL‐101(Cr)‐NH2in water media.A complete hydrogenation of furfural is achieved at a low temperature of40°C with the selectivity of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol close to100%.The amine‐functionalized MOF improves the hydrogen bonding interactions between the intermediate furfuryl alcohol and the support,which is conducive for the further hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in good coordination with the metal sites.

Cycloaddition of CO_2 with epoxides by using an amino-acid-based Cu(Ⅱ)–tryptophan MOF catalyst

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)constructed from natural/biological units(amino acids)are prospective candidates as catalysts in CO2chemistry owing to their natural origin and high abundance of Lewis acid/base sites and functional groups.Herein,we report the catalytic efficiency of an amino‐acid‐based Cu‐containing MOF,denoted as CuTrp(Trp=L‐tryptophan).The CuTrp catalyst was synthesized by direct mixing at room temperature using methanol as a solvent-a synthetic route with notable energy efficiency.The catalyst was characterized using various physicochemical techniques,including XRD,FT‐IR,TGA,XPS,ICP‐OES,FE‐SEM,and BET analysis.The catalytic activity of CuTrp was assessed in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2.The CuTrp operated in synergy with the co‐catalyst tetrabutylammonium bromide under solvent‐free conditions.Several reaction parameters were studied to identify the optimal reaction conditions and a reaction mechanism was proposed based on experimental evidence and previous density functional theory studies.The CuTrp also exhibited satisfactory stability in water and could be reused more than three times without any significant loss of activity.?2018,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Aromatic bromination with hydrogen production on organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite‐based photocatalysts under visible light irradiation

Aromatic bromides are important chemicals in nature and chemical industries.However,their tra‐ditional synthesis routes suffer from low atomic economy and pollutant formation.Herein,we show that organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite methylammonium lead bromide(MAPbBr_(3))nanocrystals stabilized in aqueous HBr solution can achieve simultaneous aromatic bromination and hydrogen evolution using HBr as the bromine source under visible light irradiation.By hybridizing MAPbBr_(3) with Pt/Ta_(2)O_(5) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate as electron‐and hole‐transporting motifs,aromatic bromides were achieved from aromatic compounds with high yield(up to 99%)and selectivity(up to 99%)with the addition of N,N‐dimethylformamide or its analogs.The mechanistic studies revealed that the bromination proceeds via an electrophilic attack pathway and that HOBr may be the key intermediate in the bromination reaction.

Luminescent metal-organic frameworks for nitro explosives detection

Metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） have been emerging as important multifunctional hybrid materials, not only due to the diversify framework architectures, but also contribute to the rich interactions among metals, ligands and guests. Nitro explosives have important influences tbr environmental protection and national homeland security, in this review, a brief description of luminescent MOFs is presented, accompanied by a short comment on the four types of metal-based luminescent MOFs as sensing materials for nitro explosives detection. Then the trends and challenges of luminescent MOFs as sensing materials ibr nitro explosives are also prospected.

Rational alloying of secondary and aromatic ammonium cations in a metal-halide perovskite toward crystal-array photodetection

Two-dimensional(2D)hybrid perovskites with the Ruddlesden-Popper lattice(A')_(2)(A)_(n-1)M_(n)X_(3n+1)are emerging as the promising optoelectronic candidates,both the inorganic and organic ingredients of which can be tailored to modulate the physical properties.Nevertheless,there is a scarcity of 2D multilayered motifs with the A-site large-size cations occupying perovskite cavities.Here,by rational mixedcation alloying,we present a new 2D hybrid perovskite,(4-TFBMA)_(2)(DMA)Pb_(2)I_(7)(1),in which the secondary cation of CH_(3)NH_(2)CH_(3)^(+)(DMA)is located inside the perovskite cage while the aromatic 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylammonium(4-TFBMA)cation acts as a spacer moiety.Benefiting from the quantum structure of alternating organic spacers and inorganic networks,crystal-array detectors of 1 show fascinating in-plane photodetection responses of large detectivity(~2.95×10^(12)Jones)and responsivity(~1.97AW^(-1)),comparable to those of some inorganic 2D counterparts.In addition,a fast response rate(~264μs)and a low dark current are also realized,related to the high crystalline quality and suppression of the hopping barrier due to the insulating organic spacing layers.This result sheds light on the further exploration of new 2D hybrid perovskites toward high-performance photodetector applications.

Improving operation lifetime of OLED by using thermally activated delayed fluorescence as host

We fabricated organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） with the thermally activated delayed fluorescence （TADF） mate- rial of 4CzlPN, Which show better stability compared with the 4,4＇-Bis（carbazol-9-yl）biphenyl （CBP） based devices. The half lifetime of the device using 4CzlPN as host material has doubled, and a slower voltage rise compared with that of CBP-based devices has been achieved, which indicates the improvement of stability. We attribute the better sta- bility to the good film morphology and difficult crystallization property of 4CzlPN. Our results suggest that employing the 4CzlPN as host material can be a promising way of fabricating OLEDs with longer operation lifetime.

Red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on a novel host material with thermally activated delayed fluorescent properties

High cost of phosphors and significant efficiency roll-off at high brightness are the two main factors that limit the wide application of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes （PHOLEDs）. Efforts have been paid to find ways to reduce the phosphors＇ concentration and efficiency roll-off of PHOLEDs. In this work, we reported red emission PHOLEDs with low dopant concentration and low efficiency roll-off based on a novel host material 2,4-biscyanophenyl-6-（12-phenylindole[2,3-a]carbazole-ll-yl）-1,3,5-triazine （BCPICT）, with thermally activated delayed fluorescent （TADF） properties. The device with 1.0% dopant concentration displayed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.7%. When the dopant concentration was increased to 2.0%, the device displayed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.5% and a low efficiency roll-off of 5.7% at 1000 cd/m^2.