新闻宣传“接地气”方能有“生气”

新闻工作者只有"走下去""接地气",其工作才能有"底气";"接地气"的稿件才能有"生气";深入基层一线才有精品的新闻——这是如今辛勤奋战在新闻战线上的广大新闻工作者的一致共识。

军事题材电视剧形象塑造的突围

本文从平视英雄、创造“完满而有生气”的人物形象以及军人群像的中国气派与阳刚之美等几个层次,对军事题材电视剧的人物形象塑造作出了理论的剖析,并对形象突围的文化和美学意义进行了分析和阐释。

对当年“两个小人物”文章的再认识和再评价

对当年的"两个小人物"的《关于"红楼梦简论"及其他》那篇文章的再认识、再评价是研究《李希凡与当代红学》不能回避的话题。毛泽东用"很有生气"这个概念来评价"两个小人物"文章,实际是提出了一个评价好文章的标准和视角,是对当时文章提出的一个重要要求。"两个小人物"的文章鲜明地回答了当时人们的"社会关切";提出了研究、解读《红楼梦》要有一个正确的方向;要把《红楼梦》作为小说去阅读和研究。这些思想有划时代意义,是永垂史册的。

经济报道要贴近读者

为改变经济报道枯燥乏味的状况 ,必须在贴近生活、贴近读者上下功夫。为此 ,在经济报道中要增强人情味 ,坚持以人为本 ,注重细节描写 ,抓好典型 ,立足服务 。

让小学语文课堂成为充满活力的现代课堂

语文是有生命的,语文的生命融入主体参与下的不断生成的语境和语流中,语文的学习应该是在这样活生生的动态的语言环境中进行的。新课标呼唤人文精神的教育,呼唤充满生命温暖的课堂,呼唤充满与崇高人性的对话。

Measurement of Refractive Indices of (Al_xGa_(1-x))_(0.51)In_(0.49)P Grown by Low Pressure Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy

The refractive indices of disordered (Al xGa 1-x ) 0 51 In 0 49 P,which is grown by low-pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy and lattice-matched to GaAs substrate,have been determined by measuring their reflectance spectra when the wavelength ranges between 0 5 to 2 5 micrometer.A single-oscillator dispersion model is used to verify the experiment data and calculate the reflectance spectrum.The refractive indices are used to analyze the waveguide of strain quantum well GaInP/AlGaInP visible laser diode.The simulated far field pattern is consistent with the experimental results very well.

Accumulation of Organic Matter in Infertile Red Soils and Its Ecological Importance

Field experiments on the decomposition of organic materials and the accumulation of organic carbon ininfertile red soils were conducted at the Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, the Chinese Academyof Sciences, and the potential of CO2 sequestration by reclamation and improving the fertility of these soils was estimated. Results showed that in infertile red soils, the humification coefficients of organic materials were rather high, ranging from 0.28 to 0.63 with an average of 0.43, which was 41% higher than those incorresponding red soils with medium fertility. This was mainly attributed to the high clay content, highacidity and low native organic matter content of infertile red soils. Compared to those in correspondingnormal red soils, the decomposition rates of organic materials were significantly lower in infertile red soilsin the first 2 yearst thereafter no significant difference was observed between those in the two kinds of soils.Depending on the kind and amount of organic manure applied, the soil properties and the rotation systems,annual application of organic manure with a rate of 4500 to 9000 kg ha-1 increased the organic carboncontent in surface 20 cm of infertile red soils by 2.1~7.5 g kg-1 with an average of 4.7 g kg-1 within the first5 years. The organic carbon content in infertile red soils which received organic manure annually increasedlinearly in the first 10 years, thereafter it slowed down, implying that the fertility of the infertile red soilscould reach middle or high level in 1O years if the soil was managed properly It was estimated that throughexploitation of wastelands, re-establishment of fuel forests and improvement of soil fertility, soils in red soilregion of China could sequester an extra 1.50 × 1015 g of atmospheric CO2.

Performance of PAHs emission from bituminous coal combustion

Carcinogenic and mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated in coal combustion have caused great environmental health concern. Seventeen PAHs (16 high priority PAHs recommended by USEPA plus Benzo[e]pyrene) present in five raw bituminous coals and released during bituminous coal combustion were studied. The effects of combustion temperature, gas atmosphere, and chlorine content of raw coal on PAHs formation were investigated. Two additives (copper and cupric oxide) were added when the coal was burned. The results indicated that significant quantities of PAHs were produced from incomplete combustion of coal pyrolysis products at high temperature, and that temperature is an important causative factor of PAHs formation. PAHs concentrations decrease with the increase of chlorine content in oxygen or in nitrogen atmosphere. Copper and cupric oxide additives can promote PAHs formation (especially the multi-ring PAHs) during coal combustion.

Simulation of Biogas Production from Solid Organic Wastes

The design and building of new alternative fuel plants is an increasing necessity to replace old technology and non-renewable fossil fuels. To optimize the performance of these plants and to obtain an economically feasible production of these types of fuels, it is necessary to have a total control of each variable involved in the process of production and how these factors affect the yield of fuel production. In this paper it is proposed a model of a digester to generate gas using a Vensim software designed to generate simulations in dynamic state. This simulation was developed using differential equations to model the behavior at each stage of the process and auxiliary conditions to complement the mathematical description of the model. The main factors in the biogas production are the retention time and the methanogen mortality ratio. For retention time lower than 10 h the process loses effectiveness due to bacterial growth is not completed efficiently, but a high retention time involves a bigger reactor and the yield of production decreases considerably for retention time higher than 40 h. The best yields were obtained for a mortality ratio in methanogen and acidogenic bacteria lower than 0.2 and a retention time of 30 h with a final production of 3.33 L by each kilogram of biomass.

Investigation of Barree-Conway non-Darcy flow effects on coalbed methane production

Coalbed gas non-Darcy flow has been observed in high permeable fracture systems,and some mathematical and numerical models have been proposed to study the effects of non-Darcy flow using Forchheimer non-Darcy model.However,experimental results show that the assumption of a constant Forchheimer factor may cause some limitations in using Forchheimer model to describe non-Darcy flow in porous media.In order to investigate the effects of non-Darcy flow on coalbed methane production,this work presents a more general coalbed gas non-Darcy flow model according to Barree-Conway equation,which could describe the entire range of relationships between flow velocity and pressure gradient from low to high flow velocity.An expanded mixed finite element method is introduced to solve the coalbed gas non-Darcy flow model,in which the gas pressure and velocity can be approximated simultaneously.Error estimate results indicate that pressure and velocity could achieve first-order convergence rate.Non-Darcy simulation results indicate that the non-Darcy effect is significant in the zone near the wellbore,and with the distance from the wellbore increasing,the non-Darcy effect becomes weak gradually.From simulation results,we have also found that the non-Darcy effect is more significant at a lower bottom-hole pressure,and the gas production from non-Darcy flow is lower than the production from Darcy flow under the same permeable condition.

Physiological responses of people in working faces of deep underground mines

The research studied the influences of high temperature, high pressure, high humidity, noise and other harmful factors in mining conditions on the people health and safety, and investigated the impacts of confined environmental on human physiology factors, including temperature, humidity, noise, pressure,toxic and harmful gases in terms of environmental characteristics in underground mines and an artificial intelligence system for simulation of the environment in a confined space of deep mines. Our results show that the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, typing test speed and memory level percentage are negatively correlated with temperature value, and positively correlated with humidity value; the human temperature and weight are positively correlated with temperature value, and negatively correlated with humidity value. This research lays the foundation for the study of interaction between the deep confined space environment and safety behavior.

Biogas Production from Organic Wastes to Promote Satisfying EU Requirements

Producing of renewable energy--as well in world as in national context--was necessitated by the synergistic effect of the climate change and the long term, continuous price rise of the fossil energy carriers. Main reasons for the spread of renewable energy sources are to increase the security of the energy supply or in optimal case, to realize the total energy independence. Furthermore, numerous studies demonstrate that production and also utilization of biofuels--including the organic waste-based fuels--are environmentally sustainable and have positive impact for the security of energy supply. This paper deals with production of biogas （from agricultural organic wastes） for energy. The production of biogas and the other biofuels will help you find the balance in agriculture because they can be generated from biomass, agricultural wastes and non-food plant material. In addition to the objective of saving emissions, EU biofuels policy aims to ensure the necessary energy and to decrease unemployment. So this paper would like to contribute to the EU requirements through the research. The producing system can be expansible by utilization of other organic material, so it is supported the efficient operation.

Study of a Parabolic Trough Adequate for the CERER Site （Dakar-Senegal）

This study presents the modeling of a parabolic trough solar collector. The main objective is to show the influences of the parabolic trough sensor effective efficiency （concentrator optical efflciencies of transmission, reflection, geometrical and the receiver absorption coefficient）, of its length, of the mass flow rate on temperatures distributions of the heat fluid and the receiver and on thermal global efficiency （solar conversion efficiency into energy usable）. The atmospheric parameters are those of Senegal in April. A prototype existing in the CERER （Center of Studies and Research on Renewable Energies） （Dakar-Senegal） is given as example of application.

让语文课堂充满生命的涌动

语文是有生命的,语文的学习应该是在这样活生生的动态的语言环境中进行的。新课标呼唤人文精神的教育,呼唤充满生命温暖的课堂,呼唤充满与崇高人性的对话。素质教育要求我们要面向全体学生,使学生的思想道德、文化科学、劳动技能、身体心理素质得到全面和谐的发展,个性特长得到充分的培育。以提高他们的语文素养,使得课堂成为每一个学生充分发挥自己能力的舞台。

Presence of carboxylate salts in marine carbonate strata of the Ordos Basin and their impact on hydrocarbon generation evaluation of low TOC, high maturity source rocks

The total organic carbon （TOC） in the marine source rock of the Ordos Basin mostly ranges from 0.2% to 0.5%. The industrial standard commonly states that the TOC value has to be no less than 0.5% （0.4% for high mature or over-mature source rock） to form large petroleum reservoirs. However, gas source correlation indicates that the natural gas in the Jingbian gas field does receive contribution from marine source rocks. In order to determine the effect of Carboxylate salts （or called as organic acid salts） on TOC in highly mature source rocks with low TOC value, we sampled the Ordovician marine source rock and the Permian transitional facies source rock in one drilled well in the southern Ordos Basin and performed infrared and GC-MS analysis. It is found that both kerogen-derived organic acids and carboxylate salt-conversed organic acids exist in both marine and transitional facies source rocks. The carboxylate salt-conversed organic acids mainly come from the complete acidification of carboxylate salts, which confirms the presence of carboxylate salts in the marine source rocks. Although the C16：o peak is the main peak for the organic acids both before and after acidification, the carboxylate salt-conversed organic acids have much less relative abundance ahead of C^6：o compared with that of the kerogen-based and free organic acids. This observation suggests that the kerogen-based and free organic acids mainly decarboxylate to form lower carboxylic acids, whereas the carboxylate salt-conversed organic acids mainly break down into paraffins. By using calcium hexadecanoate as the reference to quantify the kerogen-derived and carboxylate salt-conversed organic acids, the high TOC （〉2.0%） marine source rocks have low carboxylate salt content and the low TOC （0.2%-0.5%） marine source rocks contain high content of carboxylate salt. Therefore, for the marine source rocks with 0.2%-0.5% TOC, the carboxylate salts may be a potential gas source at high maturity stage.

A novel purification technique for noble gas isotope analyses of authigenic minerals

Noble and active gases are released from geological samples during gas extraction for noble gas isotope analyses. The active gases should be removed before inletting to mass spectrometers for the analyses. The normal noble gas preparation systems can clean up most geological samples. However, authigenic minerals from sedimentary rocks in oil/gas fields contain organic matter, which cannot be cleaned up by the normal preparation systems and thus influence the noble gas analyses. We introduce a novel gas purification system （PRC patent No. ZL201320117751.2）, which includes several reversible purification pumps with different absorbing and degassing temperatures. It can well clean up water steam, carbon dioxide and organic gas- es. Mica minerals are often used for 40Ar/39Ar dating. A muscovite sample （2082MS） which could not be cleaned up by the normal preparation system with two SAES NP10 getters, becomes the test sample for a comparative experiment in this study. The experiment is assigned into 4 sections with the organic gas removal system （OGRS） ＂Closed/Opened＂ in turn. When the OGRS is closed only with two NP10 getters for purification, the 40At intensities increase in curves with inlet time because of impurities, the 40Ar/39Ar dating results yield age errors about ＋2%-±1% （20-）. When the OGRS is opened for purification, in contrast, the 40Ar intensities decrease linearly with inlet time. This indicates that the gases have been cleaned up effectively, and the 40Ar/39Ar results yield ages with errors in ±0.4%. The OGRS is very helpful to obtain high-quality analysis data.

Carrier dynamics and doping profiles in GaAs nanosheets

We have recently demonstrated that GaAs nanosheets can be grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD）. Here, we investigate these nanosheets by secondary electron scanning electron microscopy （SE-SEM） and electron beam induced current （EBIC） imaging. An abrupt boundary is observed between an initial growth region and an overgrowth region in the nanosheets. The SE-SEM contrast between these two regions is attributed to the inversion of doping at the boundary. EBIC mapping reveals a p-n junction formed along the boundary between these two regions. Rectifying I-V behavior is observed across the boundary further indicating the formation of a p-n junction. The electron concentration （ND） of the initial growth region is around 1 × 10^18 cm^-3, as determined by both Hall effect measurements and low temperature photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy. Based on the EBIC data, the minority carrier diffusion length of the nanosheets is 177 nm, which is substantially longer than the corresponding length in unpassivated GaAs nanowires measured previously.

Remediation of Fly Ash Dumpsites Through Bioenergy Crop Plantation and Generation: A Review

Utilization of fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants, is a sustainable use of waste for power generation.Discarding fly ash as waste in landfills/ash ponds may not only be regarded as a loss of valuable land and essential nutrients, but also pose a significant health hazard due to fine air-borne particles and leaching of heavy metals. The presence of essential macro-and micronutrients and its porosity make fly ash an excellent soil amendment for plant growth as an organic nitrogen(N) and carbon(C)supplementation. As harmful heavy metals make fly ash unsafe for agronomy, bioenergy crop plantation and energy generation from different thermochemical conversions of the biomass would be an ideal method for coal fly ash utilization through which carbon-neutral fuel can be generated from fossil fuel, thus reducing climate change impact. This review summarizes the development of bioenergy plantation and silviculture at fly ash dumpsites with an integrated phyto-bio-rhizo-mycoremediation approach and assesses utilization of the valuable biomass for thermal energy, electricity, and biofuel generation with inclusion of a SWOT analysis(a strategic technique typically used to help identify the strength, weakness, opportunities, and threat). Bioenergy crop production through integrated phytomanagement can generate billions of dollars of wealth from waste and provides a sustainable solution for fly ash management,with environmental, economic, and social benefits.