界理论新探——从汉语构式“一+C+N”中发现再界化机制

Langacker提出"界"(bounding)理论后,国内外许多学者都对其进行过研究并利用这一认知机制来分析过语言各层面的界性特征。然而,其研究一直徘徊在"无界-有界"之间的对立与转换上,笔者在此基础上首次提出"有界-再界化"来发展该理论并基于此考察汉语构式"一+C+N"中C的省略情况,寻求C省与不可省的认知理据。

Novel SiO2 nanoparticle-decorated BiOCl nanosheets exhibiting high photocatalytic performances for the removal of organic pollutants

Novel SiO2/BiOCl composites were fabricated by decorating BiOCl nanosheets with SiO2 nanoparticles via a simple hydrothermal process. The as-prepared pure BiOCl and SiO2/BiOCl composites were intensively characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM/TEM, BET, UV-vis, DRS, XPS, and photocurrent measurements. The SiO2/BiOCl composite nanosheets displayed high photocatalytic activity and excellent stability in the degradation of organic pollutants such as phenol, bisphenol A (BPA), and rhodamine B (RhB). With respect to those over bare BiOCl, the degradation rates of RhB, BPA, and phenol over 1.88% SiO2/BiOCl increased 16.5%, 29.0%, and 38.7%, respectively. Radical capturing results suggested that h^+ is the major reactive species and that hydroxyl (·OH) and superoxide (·O2^-) radicals could also be involved in the degradation of organic pollutants. The enhanced photocatalytic performances of SiO2/BiOCl composites can be mainly attributed to the improved texture and the formation of intimate SiO2/BiOCl interfaces, which largely promoted the adsorption of organic pollutants, enhanced the light harvesting, and accelerated the separation of e^– and h^+.

Spin Polarization at Organic-Ferromagnetic Interface： Effect of Contact Configuration

Based on ab initio theory, the interracial spin polarization of a benzene-dithiolate molecule vertically adsorbed on a nickel surface is investigated by adopting different microscopic con- tact configurations. The results demonstrate a strong dependence of the interfacial spin polarization on the contact configuration, where the sign of spin polarization may vary from positive to negative with the change of contact configuration. By analyzing the projected density of states, an interracial orbital hybridization between the 3d orbital of the nickel atom and the sp3 hybridized orbital of the sulfur atom is observed. We also simulated the interracial adsorption in mechanically controllable break junction experiments. The magne- toresistance obtained from Julliere model is about 27% based on the calculated interracial spin polarization, which is consistent with experimental measurement.

Preparation of Thin Film Composite Nanofiltration Membrane by Interfacial Polymerization with 3,5-Diaminobenzoylpiperazine and Trimesoyl Chloride

A new aromatic diamine,3,5-diaminobenzoylpiperazine （3,5-DABP）,was synthesized from 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid and 1-formyl piperazine.The structure of 3,5-DABP was identified by FT-IR spectra and 1H NMR spectra.With 3,5-DABP as aqueous monomer and trimesoyl chloride （TMC） as organic monomer,thin film composite （TFC） nanofiltration membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization technology.The salt rejection order of these TFC membranes is Na2SO4MgSO4MgCl2NaCl.This sequence indicates that the membranes are negatively charged.

A New Group-Contribution Method for Critical Properties

In the paper, an estimating method for critical properties in group-contribution method is presented.For eliminating the influence of adjacent group and distinguishing isomers, the new method including first-level group-contribution method and second-level group-contribution method is proposed. The new method demonstrates significant improvement in accuracy.

Critical Number of Fermion Flavors at Finite Chemical Potential in QED3

We propose a new method for calculating the dressed fermion propagator at finite chemical potential in QED3 under the rainbow approximation of Dyson-Schwinger equation. In the above approximation, we show that the dressed fermion propagator at finite chemical potential # has the form S（p） = iγ.p^-A（p^-2） ＋ B（ p^-2） with p^-μ= （p^-1p3 ＋ iμ）. Using this form of fermion propagator at nonzero chemical potential, we investigate the Dyson-Schwinger equation for the dressed fermion propagator at finite chemical potential and study the effects of the chemical potential on the critical number of the fermion flavors.

Influence of Finite Chemical Potential on Critical Boson Mass in QED3

Using the coupled Dyson-Schwinger equation for the fermion propagator at finite chemical potential μ, we investigate the fermion chiral condensate when the gauge boson mass is nonzero in QED3. We show that the chiral symmetry restores when the boson mass is large enough, and the critical boson mass depends little on μ.

Overview of Past, Present and Future Marine Power Plants

In efforts to overcome an foreseeable energy crisis predicated on limited oil and gas supplies, reserves; economic variations facing the world, and of course the environmental side effects of fossil fuels, an urgent need for energy sources that provide sustainable, safe and economic supplies for the world is imperative. The current fossil fuel energy system must be improved to ensure a better and cleaner transportation future for the world. Despite the fact that the marine transportation sector consumes only 5% of global petroleum production; it is responsible for 15% of the world NOx and SOx emissions. These figures must be the engine that powers the scientific research worldwide to develop new solutions for a very old energy problem. In this paper, the most effective types of marine power plants were discussed. The history of the development of each type was presented first and the technical aspects were discussed second. Also, the fuel ceils as a new type of power plants used in marine sector were briefed to give a complete overview of the past, present and future of the marine power plants development. Based on the increased worldwide concerns regarding harmful emissions, many researchers have introduced solutions to this problem, including the adoption of new cleaner fuels. This paper was guided using the same trend and by implementing the hydrogen as fuel for marine internal combustion engine, gas turbines, and fuel cells.

Edible Plants Enriched with Selenium

Selenium （Se） is an important element from the environmental and biological point of view. In the world, deficiency of Se in a diet occurs more often and nutritional supplements are recommended.The ability of several plants to accumulate and transform inorganic Se forms into its bioactive organic compounds has important implications for human nutrition and health. This work gives a brief overview of the study carried out to characterize Se species produced by different enriched edible plants which were grown in the presence of different Se species.

Reversal process of the South China Sea western boundary current in autumn 2011

Using merged sea level anomaly and absolute geostrophic velocity products from satellite altimetry and Argos drifter data, we analyzed the reversal process of the South China Sea （SCS） westem boundary current （SCSwbc） from a summer to winter pattern in 2011 and important oceanic phenomena during this process. Results show that the outbreak time of the northeast monsoon over the southern SCS lagged that over the northern SCS by about 1 month. During the SCS monsoon reversal period, the SCSwbc reversed rapidly into the winter pattern at the Guangdong continental slope in late September. Subsequently, the southward Vietnam coastal boundary current strengthened. However, the northward Natuna Current maintained a summer state until mid-October. Thus, the balance between the southward and northward currents was lost when they met, their junction moved gradually southward. However, a loop current formed southeast of Vietnam because the main stream of the Vietnam Offshore Current （VOC） remained near its original latitude, Meanwhile, the VOC and associated dipole circulation system strengthened. After mid- October, the northward Natuna Current began to weaken, the loop current finally shed, becoming a cool ring. The VOC and its associated dipole sub-basin circulation system also weakened gradually until it disappeared.

Hardy-type inequalities on strong and weak Orlicz-Lorentz spaces

In the present paper, the characterization of strong-type modular inequality ∫ 0 ∞φ(Sf (t))w(t)dt≤∫0∞ φ(Cf (t))w(t)dt, f↓ is given, where φ∈Δ' and S is a Hardy operator. Furthermore, the equivalent conditions of modular inequalities and norm inequalities related to weak Orlicz-Lorentz spaces are researched. We also explore the conditions for Orlicz-Lorentz spaces and weak Orlicz-Lorentz spaces to be normable. Finally, the weak boundedness of certain Hardy-type operators on Orlicz-Lorentz spaces is studied.

The maximal super-singular integral operators on product spaces

We study the maximal super-singular integral operator T＊Ω,α,β（f）（x,y）=sup ∈1〉0,∈2〉0｜∫｜u｜〉ε1,｜v｜〉ε2 b1（｜u｜）b2（｜u｜）Ω（u＇,u＇）/｜u｜^n＋α｜u｜^m＋β-f（x-u,y-u）dudu｜defined on all f ∈ S（R^n ×R^m）, where 0 ≤ α,β〈∞, b1 b2 ∈ L∞（R＋1 ）,Ω satisfies certain cancellation conditions and Ω∈L1（S^n-1×S^m-1）in the case α,β〉0;Ω∈L（log＋L）（S^n-1×S^m-1）in the case αβ=0 and α＋β 〉0. It is proved that, for 1〈p〈∞.T＊Ω,α,βis a bounded operator from the homogeneous Sobolev space Lα,β^p（R^n×R^m）to the Lebesgue space L^p（R^n×R^m）.

BOUNDEDNESS OF WEYL QUANTIZATION

The authors consider the boundedness of Weyl quantization in an as broad as possiblefrarne and take the results already obtained as just Particular cases. The notions of almost-diagonalizable operators and boundedness modulo a regularizing operator are proposed.

Biomarker evidence for biotic and environmental change across the Cambrian Series 2–Series 3 boundary at the Wuliu- Zengjiayan section, Guizhou, China

The Wuliu-Zengjiayan section in Jianhe County, Guizhou Province, China has been suggested as a potential Global Stratotype Section and Point(GSSP) for the defined base of Cambrian Series 3. A molecular organic geochemical study on the Cambrian Series 2Series 3 boundary interval was carried out to reveal the biotic and environmental change during this transition. The hydrocarbons extracted from the Kaili Formation were proved to be indigenous. The various geochemical proxies such as biomarker parameter, δ13Corg, atomic H/C value of kerogen, and TOC content, co-vary along with the sedimentary column, and show a quick and significant change just across the Cambrian Series 2Series 3 boundary. The less abundance of isoprenoid hydrocarbons, the relative enrichment of midchain monomethyl branched alkanes(mmb-alkanes), the relatively negative value of δ13Corg, and the higher TOC contents may suggest that the upper Cambrian Series 2 was deposited in a relatively reducing environment with a higher organic input from cyanobacteria-predominated benthic microbial mats. On the other hand, the relative enrichment of isoprenoid hydrocarbons, the less abundance of mmb-alkanes, the relatively positive value of δ13Corg, the lower TOC contents, and the lower atomic H/C values of kerogen are combined to indicate an enhanced phytoplankton production and an increased oxygen content and nutrients in the ocean during the early Cambrian Series 3, which could have benefited the explosion of the Kaili Biota. The Wuliu-Zengjiayan section may provide a typical case to understand the co-variation of marine microbe, animal, and environment.

Inorganic material passivation of defects toward efficient perovskite solar cells

Surface passivation with organic materials is one of the most effective and popular strategies to improve the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs). However, the secondary bonding formed between organic molecules and perovskite layers is still not strong enough to protect the perovskite absorber from degradation initialized by oxygen and water attacking at defects. Recently, passivation with inorganic materials has gradually been favored by researchers due to the effectiveness of chemical and mechanical passivation. Lead-containing substances, alkali metal halides, transition elements, oxides,hydrophobic substances, etc. have already been applied to the surface and interfacial passivation of PSCs.These inorganic substances mainly manipulate the nucleation and crystallization process of perovskite absorbers by chemically passivating defects along grain boundaries and surface or forming a mechanically protective layer simultaneously to prevent the penetration of moisture and oxygen, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of the PSCs. Herein, we mainly summarize inorganic passivating materials and their individual passivation principles and methods. Finally, this review offers a personal perspective for future research trends in the development of passivation strategies through inorganic materials.

Vector Meson Mass in Finite Density and Temperature Lattice QCD

Vector meson mass values are studied at finite chemical potential and temperature in lattice QCD with lattice size of 24 × 122× 6 using two flavors of staggered quarks. The investigation focuses on the change of the vector meson mass in the critical region close to T c with two different types of chemical potentials switched on: the isoscalar chemical potential μS and its isovector counterpart μV. It is found that the vector meson mass increases in the QGP phase with both chemical potentials and decreases with μS in the confinement phase.

Formation of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells by introducing an interfacial layer of hierarchically ordered macro-mesoporous TiO_2 film

Hierarchically ordered macro-mesoporous TiO2 films (Ti-Ma-Me) were fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates through the confinement self-assembly method. The prepared Ti-Ma-Me possesses periodically ordered structure and a large specific surface area, which was applied as an interfacial layer between the nanocrystalline TiO2 film (P25-TiO2) and FTO electrode in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The introduction of a Ti-Ma-Me interfacial layer increased the shortcircuit current density (Jsc) from 7.49 to 10.65 mA/cm2 and the open-circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.65 to 0.70 V as the result of its improved light harvesting efficiency by allowing for the high roughness factor and enhanced multiple internal reflection or scattering as well as reducing the back-transport reaction by blocking direct contact between the electrolyte and FTO electrode. Therefore, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) was improved by 83% from 3.04% to 5.55%, as compared to a device using a bare P25 TiO2 photoanode.

Can Nano-Particle Melt below the Melting Temperature of Its Free Surface Partner?

The phonon thermal contribution to the melting temperature of nano-particles is inspected. The discrete summation of phonon states and its corresponding integration form as an approximation for a nano-particle or for a bulk system have been analyzed. The discrete phonon energy levels of pure size effect and the wave-vector shifts of boundary conditions are investigated in detail. Unlike in macroscopic thermodynamics, the integration volume of zero-mode of phonon for a nano-particle is not zero, and it plays an important role in pure size effect and boundary condition effect. We find that a nano-particle will have a rising melting temperature due to purely finite size effect; a lower melting temperature bound exists for a nano-particle in various environments, and the melting temperature of a nano-particle with free boundary condition reaches this lower bound. We suggest an easy procedure to estimation the melting temperature, in which the zero-mode contribution will be excluded, and only several bulk quantities will be used as input. We would like to emphasize that the quantum effect of discrete energy levels in nano-particles, which is not present in early thermodynamic studies on finite size corrections to melting temperature in small systems, should be included in future researches.