无针注射和有针注射门冬胰岛素30在2型糖尿病强化中的应用

目的分析无针注射和有针注射门冬胰岛素30在2型糖尿病强化中的应用效果。方法 102例2型糖尿病患者,均行门冬胰岛素30药物注射强化治疗,随机分为对照组和观察组各51例,对照组患者行诺和笔皮下注射治疗,观察组患者行无针注射器治疗,均治疗3个月,观察比较两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、低血糖事件及皮肤硬结事件的发生率。结果观察组患者空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白的控制率均优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血糖达标率高于对照组,且低血糖事件及皮肤硬结事件的发生率均低于对照组,差异明显(P<0.05)。结论临床上治疗2型糖尿病患者时,采用无针注射门冬胰岛素30行强化治疗,能够有效改善患者高血糖症状,提高患者对血糖及糖化血红蛋白水平的控制率,减少低血糖事件及皮肤硬结事件的发生率。

有针麻醉与无针麻醉在小儿包皮环切术中的对比研究

目的:探讨无针麻醉与有针麻醉运用盐酸利多卡因在小儿包皮环切术中的对比分析。方法:选择2012年11月至2013年8月在本院择期行包皮环切术的患儿60例,随机分成两组,每组各30例,对照组给予有针麻醉应用1%盐酸利多卡因后行包皮环切术,治疗组给予无针麻醉运用1%盐酸利多卡因后行包皮环切术,两组均采用传统包皮环切手术方法,采用视觉模拟疼痛评分方法(VAS)对疼痛进行评分,比较两组患儿的麻醉起效时间、麻醉维持时间、VAS、手术时间、术后水肿情况及术后1周切口愈合程度。结果:两组患儿VAS评分、麻醉起效时间、麻醉剂量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间、麻醉维持时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组术后水肿情况及1周切口愈合程度显著优于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无针麻醉运用盐酸利多卡因应用于小儿包皮环切术麻醉效果好,患儿耐受性好,有效缩短了手术时间,且术后恢复快,值得在基层医院推广使用。

无针注射和有针注射胰岛素在糖尿病治疗中的比较

目的比较糖尿病治疗中无针注射与有针注射胰岛素的效果。方法选择我院2015年8月—2016年8月收治的糖尿病患者108例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。观察组应用无针注射胰岛素治疗,对照组应用有针注射胰岛素治疗。观察2组患者治疗后的血糖水平,检测胰岛素药代动力学情况。结果观察组患者的清晨空腹血糖、早餐后2 h血糖、午餐后2 h血糖、晚餐后2 h血糖水平,糖化血红蛋白水平,注射胰岛素达峰值时间均低于对照组;血药浓度峰值、曲线下面积高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者接受胰岛素治疗时,无针注射的降糖效果要优于有针注射,可在临床中进一步推广应用。

胰岛素无针注射器在糖尿病患者中的应用效果

目的探讨胰岛素无针注射器在糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法选取我院收治的104例糖尿病的患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其分为对照组(52例,胰岛素有针注射器)与观察组(52例,胰岛素无针注射器)。比较两组患者的应用效果。结果应用后,两组的FBG、2 h PBG、HbA1c水平、HAMA及HAMD评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛、残留药物发生率低于对照组,皮肤红肿或硬结发生率高于对照组(P<0.05)。应用后,两组生理功能、躯体疼痛、情感职能及精神健康评分均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论胰岛素无针注射器在糖尿病患者中的应用效果显著,可以降低患者的血糖水平、疼痛及残留药物情况,改善患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,提高患者的生活质量,值得推广与应用。

无针注射器注射胰岛素在糖尿病患者中的应用价值研究

目的探索无针注射器注射胰岛素在糖尿病患者中的应用价值。方法将我院收治的150例采用胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者随机分为观察组与对照组,观察组患者(75例)采取无针注射器注射胰岛素,对照组患者(75例)采取有针注射器注射胰岛素,观察15天,对比两组患者治疗前后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)水平、血糖波动情况、患者对治疗价格接受程度、治疗舒适度及满意率。结果治疗前两组患者FPG、2hPG水平无显著性差异(P>0.05),治疗后两组患者FPG、2hPG水平均改善(P<0.05),两组患者治疗后FPG、2hPG水平无显著性差异(P>0.05);观察组患者治疗后血糖波动优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者价格可接受率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗舒适度率为高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者满意率为高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论无针注射器注射胰岛素治疗糖尿病效果好,与有针注射相比较,无针注射方便且患者血糖值较稳定,疼痛轻,满意率高。由于价格较贵,多数患者不愿选择无针注射,建议降低其医疗成本以便推广。

多射流静电纺丝技术的研究现状

由于传统单喷头静电纺丝的生产率极低,限制了静电纺纳米纤维的产业化应用,因此,提高静电纺纳米纤维生产率成为静电纺丝技术中最为重要的研究课题,而多射流静电纺丝法是解决此问题的一个有效途径。通过介绍多种有针和无针多射流静电纺丝方法,分析比较各种方法的优劣,为进一步研制与开发静电纺纳米纤维的产业化生产设备与方法提供参考。

前口属淡水纽虫一新亚种

本文记述采自青岛的前口属（ＰｒｏｓｔｏｍａＤｕｇｅｓ，１８２８）淡水纽虫一新亚种——大腺埃氏前口纽虫（Ｐｒｏｓｔｏｍａｅｉｌｈａｒｄｉｍａｃｒａｄｅｎｕｍｓｕｂｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。新亚种与本种指名模式亚种Ｐ．ｅｉｌｈａｒｄｉｅｉｌｈａｒｄｉ（Ｍｏｎｔｇｏｍｅｒｙ，１８９４）的主要不同处是新亚种头腺特别发达，向后伸至脑区，而后者只及头端至脑前缘距离的半程。

Suppressing Leakage Currents and Improving Performance of Indoor Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Organic photovoltaic(OPV) devices hold great promise for indoor light harvesting,offering a theoretical upper limit of power conversion efficiency that surpasses that of other photovoltaic technologies.However,the presence of high leakage currents in OPV devices commonly constrains their effective performance under indoor conditions.In this study,we identified that the origin of the high leakage currents in OPV devices lay in pinhole defects present within the active layer(AL).By integrating an automated spin-coating strategy with sequential deposition processes,we achieved the compactness of the AL and minimized the occurrence of pinhole defects therein.Experimental findings demonstrated that with an increase in the number of deposition cycles,the density of pinhole defects in the AL underwent a marked reduction.Consequently,the leakage current experienced a substantial decrease by several orders of magnitude which achieved through well-calibrated AL deposition procedures.This enabled a twofold enhancement in the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of the OPV devices under conditions of indoor illumination.

Negative effects of dissolved organic compounds on settling performance of goethite in Bayer red mud

Goethite, a typical iron-containing monomineral in red mud, was synthesized under the simulated Bayer digestion condition during the alumina production. The effects of dissolved organic compounds including sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium oxalate, sodium salicylate and disodium phthalate on the settling performance of goethite slurries were studied. The settling performance of the slurries was also investigated with the addition of self-made hydroxamated polyacrylamide flocculant （HCPAM）. The adsorption mechanism of dissolved organic compounds on the goethite surfaces was studied by FT-IR and XPS, respectively. The results show that the addition of organic compounds lowers the settling performance of the slurries and a deterioration in settling performance is observed in the order of sodium oxalate 〉 sodium salicylate （~ disodium phthalate） 〉 sodium formate 〉 sodium acetate. Moreover, HCPAM can efficiently eliminate the negative effects of sodium formate, sodium acetate and sodium oxalate on the settling performance of the goethite slurries, but it can only partially improve the settling performance of the goethite slurries containing sodium salicylate or disodium phthalate. FT-IR and XPS results show that these organic compounds are chemically adsorbed on the goethite surface.

Prediction of the thermo-elastic properties of knitted structural composites using FEM

It is a very important and complex task to estimate the thermo-elasticproperties of a textile structural composite. In this paper, the finite element method (FEM) wasused for the prediction of the orthotropic thermo-elastic properties of a composite reinforced byglass fiber knitted fabric. In order to define the final 3-D configuration of the loop reinforcingstructure, the interactions between the adjacent loops, the large displacement and the contactelements without friction were considered. The values predicted were compared with the experimentalresults.

EFFECTIVE DETECTION DEPTH OF NEEDLE-LIKE OPTICAL PROBE

The effective detection depth of the needle-like optical probe is studied. The light transport model in highly scattering tissue is the diffusion equation and the boundary is Neuman. The sensitivity matrix is related to the position of the light source and the detector. It can be used to evaluate the effective detection depth. The sensitivity matrix is defined as the multiplication of the source and detector hght distribution. Six different groups about ix parameters including the source diameter and detector fibers, the core-to-core distance between the source and detector fibers, the opotode depth, the absorption, and reduced scattering coefficient, are used as experimental models. The relationship between the six parameters and the effective detection depth is analyzed. Resuits can be used to study the spatial resolution and the depth of multi-fibers.

Identification of two Skeletonema costatum-like diatoms by fluorescence in situ hybridization

A harmful algae bloom (HAB) is a dense aggregation of algae in a marine or aquatic environment that can result in significant environmental problems. To forecast the occurrence of HAB, development of a rapid and precise detection method is urgently required. In this study, two Skeletonema costatum-like diatoms (SK-1 and SK-2), were identified morphologically under a light microscope, and detected using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Strain SK-1 was isolated from a frequently HAB affected area of the East China Sea, and strain SK-2 from an aquatic farm in Qingdao, China. Fluorescent DNA probes were designed that were complementary to the ITS sequence (including 5.8S rDNA) of strain SK-1. After hybridization, strong green fluorescence was observed in cells of strain SK-1 under an epifluorescence microscope; however, no such fluorescence was observed with strain SK-2, which indicates that probes hybridized only the DNA of the target strain, SK-1, in species-specific manner, and that the two strains do not belong to a same species. This finding was confirmed by ITS sequence analysis. The FISH technique used in this study was sensitive, simple, and rapid, and is a promising tool for detecting target HAB species in natural environments.

Synthesis, characteristics of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite for xylene isomerization probe reaction

Introduced a method of synthesizing hierarchical EU-1 zeolite with organosilanes as additive, and studied the influences of following different kinds of organosilanes on the synthesis of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite: γ-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane(GPTMS), N-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxyl silane(APAEDMS),and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl dimethoxyl(ethyoxyl) silane(TMPED). The hierarchical EU-1 samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, N_2 adsorption, FT-IR and NH_3-TPD to analyze the crystallinity, morphology, surface area, pore size distribution and acidity. The results showed that hierarchical EU-1 zeolites were successfully synthesized; organosilanes have great influence on crystal morphology of EU-1 zeolites; the exterior surface area of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite, which synthesized with organosilanes(APAEDMS) adding into synthesis system, increased by 62.1% and mesopore volume increased by 129.1% compared with conventional EU-1 zeolites, thus can reduce the diffusional restriction markedly in catalytic reaction. The catalytic performance of hierarchical EU-1zeolites were evaluated in m-xylene isomerization on fixed bed reactor. The catalytic data showed that the isomerization activity PX/X of the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites reached around 24.09% in theoretical thermodynamic equilibrium from 23.83%, and the selectivity of C_8 aromatic hydrocarbon increased from 75.16% to 84.87%. The conversion of p-xylene increased from 16.30% to 18.41%.

Application of rRNA probes and fluorescence in situ hybridization for rapid detection of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum

The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.

Carbon and Nitrogen Transformations in Surface Soils Under Ermans Birch and Dark Coniferous Forests

Soil samples were taken from an Ermans birch （Betula ermanii）-dark coniferous forest （Picea jezoensis and Abies nephrolepis） ecotone growing on volcanic ejecta in the northern slope of Changbai Mountains of Northeast China, to compare soil carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） transformations in the two forests. The soil type is Umbri-Gelic Cambosols in Chinese Soil Taxonomy. Soil samples were incubated aerobically at 20℃ and field capacity of 700 g kg^-1 over a period of 27 weeks. The amount of soil microbial biomass and net N mineralization were higher in the Ermans birch than the dark coniferous forest （P 〈 0.05）, whereas the cumulative C mineralization （as CO2 emission） in the dark coniferous forest exceeded that in the Ermans birch （P 〈 0.05）. Release of the cumulative dissolved organic C and dissolved organic N were greater in the Ermans birch than the dark coniferous forest （P 〈 0.05）. The results suggested that differences of forest types could result in considerable change in soil C and N transformations.

家兔卡络磺钠无针注射的药动学研究

目的研究卡络磺钠无针注射在家兔体内的药动学规律,比较无针注射器与传统有针注射器肌内注射的注射效果。方法以日本大耳兔为研究对象,分别通过无针注射及有针肌内注射给药,提取血清,采用高效液相色谱法进行检测,以0.12%磷酸二氢铵溶液-乙腈(91∶9)为流动相,检测波长363 nm。结果所测得血药浓度及取血时间数据经DAS2.1.1药动学软件拟合,卡络磺钠无针注射和有针肌内注射药动学过程均符合单室模型,主要药动学参数AUC0-t、tmax、ρmax及t1/2分别为:(162.43±17.09)μg·min·mL-1、(5.00±1.41)min、(5.93±0.02)μg·mL-1、(23.54±3.89)min及(180.82±15.29)μg·min·mL-1、(23.00±2.01)min、(5.09±0.29)μg·mL-1、(18.28±2.47)min。结论与传统有针注射相比,无针注射可使达峰时间显著提前、达峰浓度增加,其他药动学参数经统计学处理无显著差异,表明无针注射卡络磺钠可达到与有针注射相似的注射效果。

Fast Evaluation of Degradation Degree of Organic Coatings by Analyzing Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Data

The degradation coefficient is proposed to evaluate the degradation degree of organic coatings by directly anaIyzing the Bode plots of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） data. This paper investigated the degradation of phenolic epoxy coating/tinplate system by EIS and the degradation coefficient value, which correlates well with the results of breakpoint frequency and variation of phase angle at 10 Hz. Furthermore, the degradation process was confirmed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and scanning probe microscopy （SPM）. It is concluded that degradation coefficient can be used for the fast evaluation of degradation degree of organic coatings in practical appli- cations.

Thermal and piezoelectric properties of Bi_(3.15)Nd_(0.85)Ti_3O_(12) thin film prepared by metal organic decomposition

Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 （BNT） powder and thin film were prepared by metal organic decomposition （MOD） method. The heat flow curve of BNT powder was measured with a modulated temperature differential scanning calorimeter, and thermal physical parameters such as thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal diffusion coefficient were obtained from the heat flow curve. The phase identification, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of BNT thin film annealed at 700℃ were investigated with X-ray diffractometer, ferroelectric analyzer, and scanning probe microscope. The results show that the thin films consisting of a single phase of bismuth-layered perovskite are polycrystalline, without a preferred orientation. Remnant polarization 2Pr is 63.2 μC/cm2 under 530 kV/cm applied field, and the effective piezoelectric coefficient d33 is 30 pm/V.

Anisotropic Emission from Magnetized Quark-gluon Plasma

this work,the polarization effects of a strongly magnetized quark-gluon plasma are studied at finite temperature.It is found that a background magnetic field can have a strong effect on the photon and dilepton emission rates.It affects not only the total rate but also the angular dependence.In particular,the Landau-level quantization leads to a nontrivial momentum dependence of the photon/dilepton anisotropic flow coefficient on transverse momentum.In the case of photon emission,nonzero coefficients v_(n)(with even n)have opposite signs at small and large values of the transverse momentum.Additionally,the v_(n) signs alternate with increasing vn,and their approximate values decrease as 1/n^(2) in magnitude.The anisotropy of dilepton emission is well-pronounced only at large transverse momenta and small invariant masses.The corresponding Un coefficients are of the same magnitude and show a similar sign-alternative pattern with increasing n as in the photon emission.It is proposed that the anisotropy of the photon and dilepton emission may serve as indirect measurements of the magnetic field.

Metal-organic framework film for fluorescence turn-on H2S gas sensing and anti-counterfeiting patterns

Hydrogen sulphide(H2 S)is a common air pollutant,which is produced in various industry processes.Therefore,it is of crucial importance to detect H2 S in real time.Many fluorescent sensors were reported aiming at detecting H2 S in solution;however,the fluorescence sensing of gaseous H2 S has not yet been reported.In this work,we utilized the post-functionalized fluorescent film,MIL-100(In)@Eu3+/Cu2+film,realizing fluorescence turn-on sensing of gaseous H2 S at room temperature for the first time with the limit of detection as low as 0.535 ppm,which is comparable to some reported fluorescent probes for S2-ions and semiconductor based gaseous H2 S sensors.The sensor was designed due to the strong affinity of H2 S with Cu2+.With the formation of CuS,the"antenna effect"between the ligand and Eu3+recovered,resulting in the fluorescence turn-on of Eu3+emission.Additionally,we proposed a new method to realize multi-colour anti-counterfeiting patterns with lanthanide ions ink,taking advantage of the extraordinary smooth surface and uncoordinated carboxylate groups within the MIL-100(In)film.