节能发电调度问题的多目标期望控制模型及解法

节能发电调度问题所追求的目标,例如能耗与污染物排放水平的降低程度,会在综合考虑多种因素的基础上,以阶段性期望控制值的形式而非待求的最小值形式出现。因此,传统立足于目标函数最小化或最大化的思路,显然不符合实际需求。针对此现状,文中提出了多目标期望控制的概念,并建立了节能减排发电调度问题的多目标期望控制优化模型。采用多目标加权形式,通过不断缩小目标之间完成率差距的方式预估调整权值,并由此求得满足不同目标期望控制需求的节能发电调度方案。算例验证了多目标期望控制思想的正确性,以及多目标加权调整方式求解问题的可行性。

基于期望控制函数频率特征的解耦多变量控制

提出一种简单的解耦多变量系统比例积分微分(PID)控制器设计方法;首先,将多变量过程前馈解耦为多个独立单回路系统,利用解耦器对角环节保证解耦器的稳定性和可物理实现性;其次,针对每个已解耦单回路系统,提出同时考虑设定值跟踪、扰动抑制和鲁棒稳定性要求的期望闭环传递函数,由此得到期望控制函数,并基于期望控制函数的频率特征快速获取PID控制参数;最后,示例了解耦多变量控制器的设计过程;仿真结果表明该解耦PID设计法对一般多变量时滞过程的控制是有效的。

心理控制源期望的认知－知识系统模型

在总结了有关心理控制源期望的理论与实证证据的基础上，结合作者近年来在责备、辩解、生活事件知觉与心身健康关系方面的研究，将心理控制源期望重新界定为一种“认知－知识系统模型”：个体的心理控制源期望既在总体上表现为一种一般性的内控或外控的倾向性，又受对情境特点的认知的影响，两者有交互作用，而且社会文化环境的特点也起重要的作用。这一模型总结了中国被试的研究结果，并且在人格、社会心理及临床心理学的有关理论和研究方面也有重要的参考价值。

具有任意相对度的系统多尺度直接学习控制

直接学习控制能够充分利用系统的先前控制经验,直接产生期望控制信号,不需要任何重复的学习过程.本文针对一类具有任意相对度的线性时不变系统,给出了多尺度直接学习控制方法,当目标轨迹发生变化时,即对于数值尺度和时间尺度与先前目标轨迹都不同的新轨迹,运用所给的直接学习控制方法,不需要重新学习,只需一步学习就能获得系统的期望控制信号.仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性.

基于直流潮流模型的电力系统控制规则

运用复杂性理论分析了电力系统的自组织临界性,在直流潮流模型的基础上验证了故障规模与频率的幂率关系。提出了以降低故障期望值为目标的控制措施,在仿真模型中加入控制措施后获得了长程时间下控制规则对系统的影响结果,发现新的幂率函数在双对数坐标下斜率有所增加即故障序列分布有所改善。因此,加入正确的控制规则对大型停电事故有抑制作用,能降低大型事故的期望值。

电动汽车用异步电机弱磁控制综述

为满足纯电动汽车对宽调速范围的要求,文章分析研究了纯电动汽车用异步电机弱磁控制策略的研究现状,详细阐述了不同坐标系下异步电机的数学模型及矢量控制策略,并对宽调速范围区间进行了分类,综合比较了异步电机传统和新型弱磁控制策略的性能优点及存在的问题,研究结果表明,传统1/ωr弱磁策略适用于性能要求不高的异步电机驱动领域,而变期望电压弱磁控制策略在电动汽车上有较好的应用优势。

短周期运动飞行品质的几种判据

飞机纵向短周期运动是影响其飞行品质的关键因素。根据国外近年来所进行的研究，综合、归纳出六种适用于小迎角飞行的短周期运动飞行品质标准。基于等效系统的控制期望参数（ＣＡＰ）等准则依然适用，并作了增补；对于不能用低阶系统等效的飞机提出诸如带宽准则等相应判据。这六种准则各有其侧重点和适用范围，较全面地反映了飞机短周期运动特性，共同完成对飞行品质的评判和预估。

如何减少客户在营业厅等候时间的探讨

主要从两个方面来讨论如何提升客户对营业厅等侯时间的满意度，一是采取一些切实的措施，如简化业务流程、提高营业员的业务技能等，减少客户在营业厅的等候时间；二是控制客户期望、降低客户的心理预期，引导员提供贴身的服务等，提升客户在等侯过程中的感知从而提升客户的满意度，并就具体的措施作了较为详细的介绍。

面对信息时代的印刷物资流通业

流通是商品交换进一步发展的结果,从原始公社末期产生交换,随着生产的发展产生流通,至今已有数千年的历史了。不可谓不古,不可谓不老。然而,这个行业和其它古老行业一样,目前都面临着一个新的挑战——产业信息化。 流通是随着人类社会的发展产生的,而人类社会的发展主要依靠3种资源,即物资、能源和信息。在农业化社会主要期望控制物资,即粮食;而到工业化社会主要期望能控制能源,如煤、

价值计算决定何时与如何努力

优化努力的分配,最小化努力成本和最大化收益是各个领域的关键问题。本文梳理了基于努力的决策(effort-based decision-making)的理论与实证研究,讨论了努力的两面性:固有成本和潜在价值。通过拓展控制期望价值理论(Expected Value of Control,EVC),本研究探讨了影响努力的非社会与社会因素。探索人们何时以及如何付出努力的计算神经机制,有利于理解与促进社会互动中的努力行为,以及为干预精神疾病中动机缺失症状提供参考。

Fuzzy neural network control of underwater vehicles based on desired state programming

Due to the nonlinearity and uncertainty, the precise control of underwater vehicles in some intelligent operations hasn’t been solved very well yet. A novel method of control based on desired state programming was presented, which used the technique of fuzzy neural network. The structure of fuzzy neural network was constructed according to the moving characters and the back propagation algorithm was deduced. Simulation experiments were conducted on general detection remotely operated vehicle. The results show that there is a great improvement in response and precision over traditional control, and good robustness to the model’s uncertainty and external disturbance, which has theoretical and practical value.

Effect of perceived control on human thermal comfort in heated environments

To study the effects of perceived control on human thermal sensation and thermal comfort in heated environments,a psychological experiment was conducted.In total,24 subjects participated in an experiment.The experiment consisted of two cases in which the indoor temperature was set at 18℃ with different cold radiation temperatures.The experiment lasted for 120 min and was divided into three phases,adaptation,without perceived control and perceived control.In the second phase,the subjects were told in advance that the indoor temperature could not be adjusted.In the third phase,subjects were told that they could adjust the indoor temperature to meet their own thermal expectations,but the indoor temperature could not actually be changed.The results showed that the effect of perceived control on thermal sensation was related to the thermal expectation.For people with strong expectations for a neutral environment,perceived control improved their thermal sensation by satisfying their thermal expectations.For people with low thermal expectations,perceived control reduced their thermal tolerance to the environment,eventually leading to thermal discomfort.These new findings provide more supports for the importance of psychological effects and a reference for the personal control of heating temperatures.

跳跃股价模型下投资组合的生成函数

针对股价的非连续模型,为研究投资组合之间收益的关系,采用半鞅的分析办法,研究由Ito过程和Poisson过程复合的股价模型下的投资组合生成函数及其性质。随机组合理论表明通过构造生成函数可以生成新的投资组合,并证明了生成组合的权重表达式以及相应的漂移过程项和跳跃过程项。因而可以通过一个随机微分方程分析生成投资组合的收益和市场资产组合的收益,以及收益的期望控制的关系。结论表明生成函数及相关函数在满足一定条件下这样的期望控制关系存在。

冲刺高考 今天就开始精神训练吧!

一、合理期望减轻压力合理的期望将成为学习的动力,高期望将成为学习的压力。考前心态的调整,就要求同学们设置合理的期望,减轻心理压力。如何设置合理期望呢?主要是根据自己的实际水平,适当提高要求,将期望控制在"跳一跳,够得着"的范围内。

Strong Laws of Large Numbers for Sublinear Expectation under Controlled 1st Moment Condition

This paper deals with strong laws of large numbers for sublinear expectation under controlled 1st moment condition. For a sequence of independent random variables,the author obtains a strong law of large numbers under conditions that there is a control random variable whose 1st moment for sublinear expectation is finite. By discussing the relation between sublinear expectation and Choquet expectation, for a sequence of i.i.d random variables, the author illustrates that only the finiteness of uniform 1st moment for sublinear expectation cannot ensure the validity of the strong law of large numbers which in turn reveals that our result does make sense.

FROM HEDGING TO SPECULATION-AN EXPLANATION BASED ON PROSPECT THEORY

This paper studies the impact of the reference point on a hedger＇s decision based upon prospect theory and experimental evidence on how prior outcomes affect risky choice. The authors show that in the futures market, a hedger who does not adjust his reference point timely would increase his positions continually as his accumulated losses increase, and finally become a speculator. Numerical simulation results under the normal distribution also lend support to the results. The model can help explain why the hedging behavior of firms turns into speculative activities and can offer some new insights into hedging behavior.