基于聚苯乙烯微球的木材表面仿生结构色涂层构筑

为探索木材表面的结构色装饰技术,以苯乙烯(St)为单体,采用乳液聚合法,探讨反应时间和引发剂过硫酸铵(APS)添加量对微球的影响,合成具有良好单分散性、结构均匀的聚苯乙烯(PSt)胶体微球,并通过热辅助重力沉积,使微球在木材表面自组装,形成具有仿生结构色的光子晶体涂层。通过对乳液中和干燥状态下的PSt胶体微球进行表征分析,发现胶体微球在乳液中的水合粒子直径大于干燥状态下的粒径。通过单因素试验得出,聚合时间为10 h, APS添加量为150 mg时,所获得的PSt胶体微球的单分散性最佳。同时研究发现,当APS添加量过低时,无法达到良好的引发效果,所合成微球的单分散性不佳。通过对木材表面的结构色涂层微观结构进行分析,发现单分散性好的PSt胶体微球在木材表面自组装能形成长程有序的光子晶体结构,展现出明亮的紫色,与涂层反射光谱峰值出现位置相对应。胶体微球粒径增大时,结构色涂层反射峰向更大波长红移。胶体微球的单分散性差及组装过程中的空间位阻作用会使涂层微观结构出现点、裂纹和错位等缺陷,弱化光子晶体的禁带特征,使木材表面涂层展现出的结构色效果不佳。

Wood Microstructure Effects on Chinese White Poplar Dyeing

In order to study the influence of wood microstructure on wood dyeing, eleven parameters of wood microstructure and 5 parameters of wood dyeing effects for 34 pieces of wood boards from 5 trees of Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa) were determined and the multiple regression analysis between the factors of wood microstructures and the parameters of wood dyeing effects were made. The regression results show that each variable of wood dyeing effects has higher relationship with wood microstructures, and multiple correlation coefficients between each variable of wood dyeing effects and wood microstructures are 0.483 6~0.799 8. The main factors of wood microstructures influencing wood dyeing of Chinese white poplar are proportion of wood ray, proportion of vessel and proportion of wood fiber according to comparing the standardized regression coefficients of multiple regression equation.