Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-fl...Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket bioremediation (TS-UASBB). With the TS-UASBB, 2 4 SO , COD, N and P in the effluent from the DS degraded significantly and their concentrations were kept at 0.2 g·L -1 , 2.0 g·L -1 , 1.0 g·L -1 and 15 mg·L -1 , respectively, in 13 batch processes for water-recycled ethanol fermentation. With the effluent used directly as dilution water, no heat-resistant bacteria were found alive. The thirteen-batch ethanol production individually achieved 10% after 48 h fermentation. The starch utilization ratio and total sugar consumption were 90% and 99.5%, respectively. The novel water-recycled bioethanol production process with ethanol fermentation and TS-UASBB has a considerable potential in other starchy and cellulosic ethanol production.展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of zinc oxide （ZnO） as an additive on cassava plant meal through the growth, serum metabolites and heamatological indices of growing pigs for eight weeks. Four...The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of zinc oxide （ZnO） as an additive on cassava plant meal through the growth, serum metabolites and heamatological indices of growing pigs for eight weeks. Four experimental diets were formulated in this study. All the four diets contained 60% cassava plant meal. Diet 1 contained 0 ppm of ZnO, while diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 125, 250 and 300 ppm of ZnO, respectively. The cassava plant meal contained unpeeled tuber plus leaves and tender stems. The unpeeled cassava tuber was mixed with leaves and tender stem at ratio 2.5：1, while the ratio of the leaves and tender stem was 5：1. A total of 16 growing pigs （Large White x Hampshire） with initial mean weight of 24.92 - 0.37 kg were used in this study. They were randomly distributed into the four experimental diets formulated. There were four animals per diet and each animal served as a replicate. The diets were formulated to contain about 19% crude protein and 2.5 kcal/g metabolizable energy. This experiment was completely randomized designed. The results of this study showed that weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO, although numerically 250 ppm gave the better values. The serum metabolites, such as the total protein, albumin, urea and cholesterol, were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO. However, the serum creatinine and glucose were significantly （P 〈 0.05） affected. Moreover, haematological indices, such as the packed cell volume （PCV）, haemoglobin （FIB） and red blood cell （RBC）, were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO; while the white blood cell （WBC） was significantly （P 〈 0.05） affected. It can be concluded from this study that ZnO could be used as an additive to improve the utilization of cassava plant meal by growing pigs.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2008AA10Z338） the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20906041）
文摘Considering limited success in target-hitting discharge from alcohol industry, our attention was directed toward a recycling use of distillery spentwash (DS) in cassava bioethanol production by using a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket bioremediation (TS-UASBB). With the TS-UASBB, 2 4 SO , COD, N and P in the effluent from the DS degraded significantly and their concentrations were kept at 0.2 g·L -1 , 2.0 g·L -1 , 1.0 g·L -1 and 15 mg·L -1 , respectively, in 13 batch processes for water-recycled ethanol fermentation. With the effluent used directly as dilution water, no heat-resistant bacteria were found alive. The thirteen-batch ethanol production individually achieved 10% after 48 h fermentation. The starch utilization ratio and total sugar consumption were 90% and 99.5%, respectively. The novel water-recycled bioethanol production process with ethanol fermentation and TS-UASBB has a considerable potential in other starchy and cellulosic ethanol production.
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of zinc oxide （ZnO） as an additive on cassava plant meal through the growth, serum metabolites and heamatological indices of growing pigs for eight weeks. Four experimental diets were formulated in this study. All the four diets contained 60% cassava plant meal. Diet 1 contained 0 ppm of ZnO, while diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 125, 250 and 300 ppm of ZnO, respectively. The cassava plant meal contained unpeeled tuber plus leaves and tender stems. The unpeeled cassava tuber was mixed with leaves and tender stem at ratio 2.5：1, while the ratio of the leaves and tender stem was 5：1. A total of 16 growing pigs （Large White x Hampshire） with initial mean weight of 24.92 - 0.37 kg were used in this study. They were randomly distributed into the four experimental diets formulated. There were four animals per diet and each animal served as a replicate. The diets were formulated to contain about 19% crude protein and 2.5 kcal/g metabolizable energy. This experiment was completely randomized designed. The results of this study showed that weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO, although numerically 250 ppm gave the better values. The serum metabolites, such as the total protein, albumin, urea and cholesterol, were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO. However, the serum creatinine and glucose were significantly （P 〈 0.05） affected. Moreover, haematological indices, such as the packed cell volume （PCV）, haemoglobin （FIB） and red blood cell （RBC）, were not significantly （P 〉 0.05） affected by the inclusion of ZnO; while the white blood cell （WBC） was significantly （P 〈 0.05） affected. It can be concluded from this study that ZnO could be used as an additive to improve the utilization of cassava plant meal by growing pigs.
