Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare rel...Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.展开更多
To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption...To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.展开更多
Room-temperature sodium-ion batteries have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of abundant sodium reserves and the low costs.Grid-scale energy storage applications are particularly relevant to this b...Room-temperature sodium-ion batteries have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of abundant sodium reserves and the low costs.Grid-scale energy storage applications are particularly relevant to this battery technology.Here,we present our recent progress in researching room-temperature sodium-ion batteries,and focus on new electrode materials,including cathodes and anodes,for both non-aqueous and aqueous systems.展开更多
文摘Firstly, this paper is to illustrate through the analysis of Aristotelian texts that two kinds of necessity involved in the teleological account, the necessity απλωζand the necessity εξυποθεσεωζare related to an achievement of an endaccording to two thoroughly different ontological and logical grounds. Secondly, it is to bring the irreducibility of the teleological to non-teleological into organic development to unprecedented light so as to show how the ontological predominance of the finality over the material necessity may be adequately expressed by a logical implication, if it is appropriately stated and well distinct from other similar logical connectives such as the material implication and the biconditional if-and-only-if.
基金supported by the Early Career Scheme of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SARChina(City U 139413)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51202205 and 61504151)the State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems(MPCS-2014-C-01 and MPCS-2015-A-04)the Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20140419115507588)a Grant from the Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong Kong
文摘To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51222210,50972164,11234013,11005161,11205249)One Hundred Talent Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Room-temperature sodium-ion batteries have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of abundant sodium reserves and the low costs.Grid-scale energy storage applications are particularly relevant to this battery technology.Here,we present our recent progress in researching room-temperature sodium-ion batteries,and focus on new electrode materials,including cathodes and anodes,for both non-aqueous and aqueous systems.
