水稻制种 母本直播 高产初探

杂交水稻制种所用的母本材料一般都是籼型不育系,生育期很短,均在90天左右,在育秧插植前后工作衔接很紧,农户工作量很大,有诸多不便。根据全国各地多年经验总结,为了提高制种产量,各地都在努力增加母本基本苗数。为了省工、省费,提高单产。

卡通片不应是一本直白浅显的“小人书”

《闪电狗》中的那只小狗其实并不神奇,电影的错觉以及明星的光环,曾令它误以为自己无所不能,当真正离开摄影机,回归生活后,才在不断碰壁中发现了最真实的另一面。如果说《功夫熊猫》是让平凡变得不平凡,那么《闪电狗》则是将不平凡还原于平凡。更为有趣的是,两部卡通片不仅成为孩子们的最爱,还深深吸引了许多成年人。

坂本直规素描

久闻日本广告公司向来制度严谨，从事认真仔细。笔者此次有幸参加了今年在复旦大学举办的“电通联合广告讲座”，更有幸能认识日本电通人才开发室的次长坂本直规先生。其风趣的言谈及细致的礼节给我留下了很深的印象。在和坂本先生几次轻松的交谈中，不仅让我对其本人有更多的了解与兴趣，也更新了我对日本广告公司，尤其是电通的认识。

中俄合作办学家校合作机制建设探讨

为解决专本直通车中外合作办学项目生源质量薄弱及与国外教学模式差异带来的一系列挑战,在中俄合作办学项目中引入家校合作机制,以解决中俄合作办学面临的挑战,为中俄合作办学项目的顺利实施提供有益经验。

无印的智慧

一身稳重的黑色西装,内着舒适棉麻衬衫,从头到脚,除眼镜和鞋子外,山本直幸一身无印良品（MUJI）。其实,透明框架眼镜的风格也非常近似无印良品,山本直幸笑说,工作时间久了,＂（我）和无印良品的审美观、价值观共通了。＂在无印良品的品牌理念中,＂共通性＂是一个重要词汇,既指人与事物之间的共通共感,也指消费者与品牌之间对朴素生活理念的一致推崇。

开启盈利新篇章--小森深圳演示会演绎精彩

为了更好地提高生产效率、降低成本,适应当前＂十三五＂印刷业改革新政,提前领略drupa 2016最先进技术,实现数字化、智能化、绿色化新发展,小森公司于4月27日在深圳举办了一场别开生面的演示会活动,期待与众多企业共同开启2016盈利新篇章。

TPS精益改善指导活动第一阶段成果发表会举行

2014年5月14日,丰田纺织(中国)有限公司应中国汽车工业协会(以下简称"中汽协")邀请,共同组织社会公益活动,针对中国汽车整车及零部件制造企业实施"TPS(丰田生产方式)精益改善指导",并于4月11日在合肥威尔燃油系统有限责任公司举行了第一阶段的改善成果发表会。据了解,中国汽车工业协会副秘书长李万里、丰田纺织(中国)总经理山本直等领导专程出席了本次成果发表会。此外,来自北京汽车动力总成、华晨中华汽车、大亚车轮、新乡市豫新商用车空调等公司的学员共同参加了于8~11日举行的自主改善研修活动。全体学员分组,在丰田纺织(中国)

Comparison of Benefits from Different Planting Models of Ningza No.21

Ningza No.21, a new hybrid rapeseed cultivar, was used as the test mate-rial in this study. The common planting models in large-scale production （3 trans-planting models and 2 direct-seeding models） were adopted. Based on the high-yield cultivation, the yield and economic benefits of different planting models were investi-gated. ln addition, the labor costs, agricultural production materials costs and agri-cultural machinery costs of different planting model were analyzed to explore the low-costs and high-economic benefits planting model. The results showed the yields of the 5 planting models were al relatively high with average yield of 3 282.30 kg/hm2, ranging from 2 899.50 to 3 642.00 kg/hm2. Although the average yield and output value of transplanting models were higher than that of direct-seedling models by 429.25 kg/hm2 and 2 189.18 yuan/hm2 respectively, the production costs of trans-planting models were higher than that of direct-seedling model by 2 098.81 yuan/hm2 and the economic benefits were basical y equal. Among the costs of rapeseed pro-duction, the labor costs accounted for more than 60%. ln the labor costs, the har-vesting labor costs represented about 50%. Therefore, under current production con-ditions, the direct seeding and mechanized harvesting should be adopted in the rapeseed production to reduce production costs and improve economic benefits.

Resected specimen evaluation,anorectal manometry,endoanal ultrasonography and clinical follow-up after STARR procedures

AIM:To investigate stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) procedures as surgical techniques for obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) by analyzing specimen evaluation,anorectal manometry,endoanal ultrasonography and clinical follow-up.METHODS:From January to December 2007,we have treated 30 patients.Fifteen treated with double PPH-01 staplers and 15 treated using new CCS 30 contour.Resected specimen were measured with respect to average surface and volume.All patients have been evaluated at 24 mo with clinical examination,anorectal manometry and endoanal ultrasonography.RESULTS:Average surface in the CCS 30 group was 54.5 cm2 statistically different when compared to the STARR group (36.92 cm2).The average volume in the CCS 30 group was 29.8 cc,while in the PPH-01 it was23.8 cc and difference was statistically significant.The mean hospital stay in the CCS 30 group was 3.1 d,while in the PPH-01 group the median hospital stay was 3.4 d.As regards the long-term follow-up,an overall satisfactory rate of 83.3% (25/30) was achieved.Endoanal ultrasonography performed 1 year following surgery was considered normal in both of the studied groups.Mean resting pressure was higher than the preoperative value (67.2 mmHg in the STARR group and 65.7 mmHg in the CCS30 group vs 54.7 mmHg and 55.3 mmHg,respectively).Resting and squeezing pressures were lower in those patients not satisfied,but data are not statistically significant.CONCLUSION:The STARR procedure with two PPH-01 is a safe surgical procedure to correct ODS.The new Contour CCS 30 could help to increase the amount of the resected tissue without differences in early complications,post-operative pain and in hospital stay compared to the STARR with two PPH-01 technique.

Observation and modeling of vertical carbon dioxide distribution in a heavily polluted suburban environment

The vertical distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2)is important for the calibration and validation of transport models and remote sensing measurements.Due to the large mass and volume of traditional instruments as well as supporting systems,in-situ measurements of the CO2 vertical profile within the boundary layer are rare.This study used a miniaturized CO2 monitoring instrument based on a low-cost non-dispersive infrared(NDIR)sensor to measure the CO2 vertical profile and meteorological parameters of the lower troposphere(0–1000 m)in southwestern Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province,China.The sensors were onboard a tethered balloon with two processes:the ascending process and the descending process.The results showed that the overall trend of CO2 concentration decreased with height.Weather conditions and CO2 emission sources caused fluctuations in CO2 concentrations.The CO2 concentration varied from morning to afternoon due mainly to the faster spread of air mass during daytime,with strong convections and the accumulation of emissions at night.The low-cost sensor produced results consistent with the traditional gas chromatography method.The Weather Research and Forecasting model could not capture the CO2 profiles well due mainly to the bad performances in boundary layer height and the potential outdated fossil fuel emissions around the experimental site.This experiment is the first successful attempt to observe the CO2 vertical distribution in the lower troposphere by using lowcost NDIR sensors.The results help us to understand the vertical structure of CO2 in the boundary layer,and provide data for calibrating and validating transport models.

Threshold Effects in the Capital Account Liberalization and Foreign Direct Investment Relationship

This paper examines how capital account liberalization （CAL） affects foreign direct investment （FDI） inflows. Authors use a dynamic panel model encompassing 14 Middle East countries over the period from 1985 to 2009. The findings suggest that countries that are able to reap the benefits of the capital openness policy satisfy certain threshold conditions regarding the level of financial development and institutional quality. Thus to promote FDI, governments in this region should develop a set of policies that not only focus on financial openness, but also on the improvement of the financial system and legal institutions.

Hypertriglyceridemia is positively correlated with the development of colorectal tubular adenoma in Japanese men

AIM： To determine the real association between serum lipid levels and colonic polyp formation. METHODS： We performed a large scale retrospective study to analyze the correlation between the incidence of colorectal adenoma or carcinoma and the fasting serum levels of total cholesterol （TC） and triglycerides （TG） in patients who underwent total colonoscopy for screening for colon cancer. RESULTS： Both levels were significantly elevated in patients with adenomas as compared with patients without any neoplastic lesion （TC 207.6 ± 29.5 vs 199.5 ±34.3, n= 4883, p〈 0.001; TG 135.0 ± 82.2 vs 108.7± 71.5, n= 4874, p〈 0.001）. The difference was significant in patients with tubular adenoma but not in those with villous or serrated adenoma. Multiple logistic regression analysis including age and sex revealed that TG was an independent correlation factor in male （p〈0.01）, but not in female patients. The level of TG in patients with invasive carcinoma did not show a significant elevation from that in patients with adenoma. These findings suggest that hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for colonic adenoma in men. CONCLUSION： Although a high level of serum triglyceride does not appear to be mechanically involved in the development of carcinoma, reduction of serum TG and intensive surveillance with total colonoscopy may have benefit in men with hypertriglyceridemia.

Concentrations and Distribution of Trace Metals of PM10 and TSP Particles Collected in the Qingdao Area

Aerosol samples of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 10μm) and TSP (total suspended particles) were simultaneously collected from April 2001 to March 2002 at the top of Mount Baguan on the downtown campus of Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China. The concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The monthly variability of the mass concentrations of aerosol particles and the concentrations of trace metals are presented and discussed. The distribution pattern of these metals in PM10 and TSP is also discussed. During the observation period, the mass concentration of PM10 at this site ranged from 13.80 to 306.42μgm-3 , while that of TSP ranged from 31.02 to 568.82μgm-3. Both PM10 and TSP reached their highest concentrations in springtime, while the lowest values occurred in summertime. The concentrations of crustal metals followed the same variation pattern, while those of anthropogenic metals did not. A closer examination led to the conclusion that anthropogenic metals are mainly from local sources. The average concentration ratios of anthropogenic metals in PM10 to TSP were higher than the average mass ratio of PM10 to TSP, suggesting that there was a higher proportion of anthropogenic metals on smaller particles although there were a few exceptions. For crustal metals, however, the metal concentration ratios were close to the particle mass ratio, indicating that the distribution of crustal metals was much more homogeneous on aerosol particles with different sizes. The correlation analysis indicated that Al, Fe and Mn were originated from similar sources and were mainly controlled by the particle mass, while Cu, Pb and Zn were predominated by local anthropogenic sources, with Pb and Zn having similar origins.

Control Efficiency and Crop Safety of 20% Cyhalofop-butyl WP on Grass Weeds in Direct Seeded Rice Fields

The purpose was to define the control efficiency and safety of 20% cy- halofop-butyl WP on grass weeds in direct seeded rice fields, in order to provide the basis for chemical weeding. This study measured Leptochloa chinensis（L.） Nees, Echinoch/oa crusgalli （L.） Beauv and other gramineous weed control efficiency with four concentrations of 20% cyhalofop-dutyl WP and 100 g/L cyhalofop-dutyl EC in direct seeded rice fields, and analyzed the yield-increasing effect and safety of rice. The results showed that 20% cyhalofop-butyl WP had a good control efficiency on grass weeds such as Leptochloa chinensis（L.） Nees, Echinoch/oa crusgalli（L.） Beauv and other grasses. The effective dosage of 90-150 g/hm2 was over 90.7% on Lep- foch/oa chinensis（L.） Nees and the comprehensive control effect of the grass weeds was above 86.7%, which was basically consistent with 100 g/L cyhalofop-dutyl EC. Furthermore, 20% cyhalofop-dutyl WP was high security for direct seeded rice fields. The yield of rice was increased by 10.18%-11.22% after spraying herbicide. There- fore, 20% of cyhalofop-dutyl WP can be used as a special herbicide for controlling Leptochloa chinensis（L.） Beauv in direct seeded rice fields, and has a good applica- tion prospect.

The Viewpoint of Categorization Theory on the Nature of Reading Comprehension

This paper is intended to reveal the likelihood that conceptual categorization can be used to understand a text by reconstructing the semantic categories through which the author＇s meaning is conveyed, and proposes an alternative way to look into reading comprehension. It is proposed that categorization can be taken as an alternative approach to second/foreign language reading instruction. That is, while reading comprehension is defined in terms of the ability to recognize the inclusion and membership properties of contextually determined semantic categories in a text, the learner needs to arrange the events, actions, or concepts into a structured unit, both horizontally and vertically. Categorization theory will be introduced in relation to Rosch famous studies （1973, 1975）, examples taken from a graded reader will be illustrated as how to identify items with category structure, and finally issues that are not addressed in this paper will be discussed.

Unusual histopathological findings in appendectomy specimens:A retrospective analysis and literature review

AIM: To document unusual findings in appendectomy specimens. METHODS: The clinicopathological data of 5262 patients who underwent appendectomies for presumed acute appendicitis from January 2006 to October 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. Appendectomies performed as incidental procedures during some other operation were excluded. We focused on 54 patients who had unusual findings in their appendectomy specimens. We conducted a literature review via the PubMed and Google Scholar databases of English language studies published between 2000 and 2010 on unusual findings in appendectomy specimens. RESULTS: Unusual findings were determined in 54 (1%) cases by histopathology. Thirty were male and 24 were female with ages ranging from 15 to 84 years (median, 32.2 ± 15.1 years). Final pathology revealed 37 cases of enterobiasis, five cases of carcinoids, four mucinous cystadenomas, two eosinophilic infiltrations, two mucoceles, two tuberculosis, one goblet-cell carcinoid, and one neurogenic hyperplasia. While 52 patients underwent a standard appendectomy, two patients who were diagnosed with tuberculous appendicitis underwent a right hemicolectomy. All tumors were located at the distal part of the appendix with a mean diameter of 6.8 mm (range, 4-10 mm). All patients with tumors were alive and disease-free during a mean follow-up of 17.8 mo. A review of 1366 cases reported in the English literature is also discussed. CONCLUSION: Although unusual pathological findings are seldom seen during an appendectomy, all appendectomy specimens should be sent for routine histopathological examination.

Economical Analysis of Milk Production in the Farms of Siedlce Region

Last years the most profitable line of activity in agriculture is considered with milk production. The-effectiveness of this project depends primarily on the direct costs and the obtained of purchase price. Therefore the aim of this work was to analyze the financial results of dairy farms in the east part of Mazovia region. Completing the research in 2010, to the owners of 36 farms were sent a questionnaire containing 18 questions. The obtained data were used to characterize the various research facilities. And then the whole population was devoted on the 6 production groups, depend on the number of physical units of dairy cows. Moreover, based on survey data, an analysis of the profitability of milk production was done. It was the following economic values： direct costs, revenue, gross margin and the index of production profitability. Also the statistical analysis by calculating the Pearson linear correlation coefficient （r） and coefficient of determination （R2） was done. The study showed that the highest annual yield of milk from a cow at the level of 7500 kg, reached the farmers with the area of l 9.7 ha of with the density of 1.82 BFU/ha and with 8 years of cow utilization. Respondents from this group also received the highest value of effectiveness index （184.60%）. In addition, the performed regression analysis showed significant positive correlation between the effectiveness index and the surface agricultural lands occurring in the farms, density of agricultural lands, and efficiency from a cow and the price of milk.

Meaning in the Holy Quran： A Text Analysis of the ＂Surah Livestock＂ （＂A1-An＇am＂） Within the Framework of Grice＇s Theory of Implicature

The Holy Quran （1982） is the Holy Book of the Moslems and the most understandable aspect of its eloquence. One of the most interesting aspects found in different languages is the use of implicatures or implied meaning. How and why such implicatures are generated and are discussed in pragmatics？ In this study, a list of conversations （direct and indirect） from ＂Surah Livestock＂ （＂A1-An＇am＂）, the sixth Chapter of the Holy Quran, and the implicatures implied in the conversations are analyzed through a pragmatic theory： CP （Cooperative Principle）. The present study shows that in most cases, the non-observance of Grice＇s （1975） maxims is found in the maxim of Quantity and the least in Manner. Grice＇s CP and its contributory maxims have not been observed in the ＂Surah Livestock＂ in this study. All maxims of Grice have been flouted in This Surah （1982） and there is no difference among Gricean maxims as far as flouting in the Surah is concerned.

The mediating role of export-oriented Japanese foreign direct investment in China

Since the early 1990s, China has become the largest destination of Japanese foreign direct investment （FDI）. Observing this trend, the authors analyzed whether Japanese FDI did promote exports from China to the rest of the world, and more importantly, whether this is a strategy adopted by Japanese multinationals to penetrate not only the Chinese market but also the global market. This analysis takes into account not only the direct effects of FDI on exports, but also the indirect effects, by examining the mediating role of export oriented Japanese FDI in China from 1998 to 2007 through panel analysis. The study contributes to the conceptual framework of indirect relationship among the macroeconomic variables, FDI and exports provides some insights into the strategy of export oriented Japanese FDI in creating a win-win platform for Japan and China.

Calculus of the Railway Vertical Stiffness Depending on the Base Plate Stiffness and the Ballast for High Speed Railways

The study aims to determine a mathematical formula that correlates the vertical stiffness of the principal elements of a high speed railway. To do this, beginning on the traditional formulations, a new mathematical model has been proposed, and has been verified and confirmed with the real information of high speed railways. Finally, there has been obtained a simple expression that correlates simply the vertical stiffness of the railway with the vertical stiffness of the elements that compound it, essentially with the base plate and the ballast system set. On the other hand, also the accuracy of the model has been verified to select the stiffness of the base plate and the ballast system depending on one of this stiffness and the total vertical stiffness that it is wanted. With this simplified formula, it is possible to optimize the vertical stiffness of the railway to obtain the best behavior in each zone and to reduce the final cost of the use of the via, taking in consideration the energy needed to move the trains, the maintenance cost, the useful life, etc.. The process to optimize the railway stiffness in each point depends on the vertical stiffness of the ballast and the sub-ballast, and it is possible to use different plate bases with different stiffness to obtain the optimal stiffness that has been previously obtained with a cost and maintenance analysis.