多媒体辅助初中政治复习课的生本策略

本文结合多媒体辅助初中思想品德复习课的教学实践,探讨了初中政治复习课借助于多媒体的辅助平台,变"机灌要我学"为"我要学";利用多媒体把课堂还原为活生生的生活,变社会问题为教育话题,使教学回归社会回归生活;教师要把多媒体展示下教学的引领与学生自主探究有机结合,让学生在独立自主梳理整合散乱知识的过程中搭建知识能力间的有机联系,变分散为整体;通过信息技术整合,加强学科之间的渗透,变封闭为开放的生本策略。

历史教学课堂提问基本策略谈

历史课程是中学生的一门必修课程。教师要想在历史课堂上进行有效提问，以引起学生的学习兴趣．提高教学实效，采用正确的策略十分重要。下面，笔者结合教学实践谈几点自己的认识。

落实生本策略 提高课堂实效

提高品德课程的教学效果任重道远,教师要认真领会课标精神,及时转变观念,灵活运用教学策略,通过创设情境,让学生感兴趣;营造氛围,让学生愿表达;落实主体,让学生有主见;合作学习,让学生有事做;拓展实践,促使学生做到“知行合一”。

“以学定教” 切入有效教学策略

学生的学习是一种选择性、实践性、创新性的学习，是一种主动运用学习策略的活动。在学校里，学生最重要的是学习是“学会学习”，最有效的知识是“自我调控”的知识。

浅谈幼儿教育的教学策略

幼儿时期是智力发育和教育启蒙的黄金时期。在这一阶段，幼儿的学习兴趣与方法都获得了较快提高。因此，幼儿教育教学策略就显得尤为重要。而科学合理的策略是幼儿身心健康快速发展的主要推动因素。可以从幼儿教育教学策略入手，对情感策略、互动策略和生本策略这三个方面进行研究。

回归生活:幼儿数学能力提升的教育路径

教育应该是回归与还原儿童本真生活的教育。数学是一门集逻辑和系统为一体的学科,幼儿园数学教育生活化以生活为中心,真正发挥回归生活的教育理念最核心的价值。本文在幼儿园层面从日常生活、集体教学活动、区域活动提出教学生活化的策略。在家庭层面从游戏活动、日常生活、专门的亲子学习活动和环境布置提出生活教学化的策略。家园共育形成合力有效提升幼儿的数学能力。

Novel scheme to specify and integrate RBAC policy based on ontology

To describe and integrate various policies applied in different domains, the definition of the family of OntoRBAC based on the ontology of a general role-based access control （RBAC） policy is proposed, which can support and extend the RBAC96 model. The uniform ontology-based description mechanism of secure policies is applied in OntoRBAC, which can be used to describe different secure policies in distributed systems and integrate policies in semantic level with upper concepts. In addition, some rules have been defined to reason within the OntoRBAC to extend the inference algorithms in ontology, which makes the system accommodate itself to RBAC policies better.

Optimal restructuring strategies under various dynamic factors

Corporate restructuring was identified as a new industrial force that has great impact on economic values and that therefore has become central in daily financial decision making. This article investigates the optimal restructuring strategies under different dynamic factors and their numerous impacts on firm value. The concept of quasi-leverage is introduced and valuation models are built for corporate debt and equity under imperfect market conditions. The model’s input variables include the quasi-leverage and other firm-specific parameters, the output variables include multiple corporate security values. The restruc- turing cost is formulated in the form of exponential function, which allows us to observe the sensitivity of the variation in security values. The unified model and its analytical solution developed in this research allow us to examine the continuous changes of security values by dynamically changing the coupon rates, riskless interest rate, bankruptcy cost, quasi-leverage, personal tax rate, corporate taxes rate, transaction cost, firm risk, etc., so that the solutions provide useful guidance for financing and restructuring decisions.

A study on sampling strategies in the figure cognitive process

This study was aimed at investigating the sampling strategies for 2 types of figures: 3-D cubes and human faces. The research was focused on: (a) from where the sampling process started; (b) in what order the figures' features were sampled. The study consisted of 2 experiments: (a) sampling strategies for 3-D cubes; (b) sampling strategies for human faces. The results showed that: (a), for 3-D cubes, the first sampling was mostly located at the outline parts, rarely at the center part; while for human faces, the first sampling was mostly located at the hair and outline parts, rarely at the mouth or cheek parts, in most cases, the first sampling-position had no significant effects on cognitive performance and that (b), the sampling order, both for 3-D cubes and for human faces, was determined by the degree of difference among the sampled-features.

Constructed Model of Cost/Benefit Analysis Strategy for Stem Corn Borer Sesamia cretica

An integrated pest management model of Cost/Benefit analysis strategy was constructed for stem corn borer Sesamia cretica using complementary control measures of different resistant genotypes of corn with the chemical insecticide diazinon 60%. Based on Cost/Benefit analysis result, the resistant genotype （SAKHA 9433） provides maximum economic value of production at the model point where no spray of insecticide is applied. The applications of one or two sprays do not justify the use of chemical insecticide but rather result in economic loss since the reduction in borer damage value, due to diazinon use, is lower than the cost of control （spray）. However, the applications of one spray for the moderate resistant genotype （IPA 2052） and two sprays for the sensitive genotype （CML 323） during corn growing season would be of value to cover the cost of control （spray） but do not achieve similar economic value of revenue comparing with the resistant genotype.

Inventory control model based on external and interior reverse logistics

To improve the inventory control strategy for enterprise and optimize inventory control parameters of existing external and interior reverse logistics, a multi-resource inventory control model is proposed to better simulate the logistics fact, which is aimed at periodic inventory checking and pull mode of inventory control strategy, based on the return product arrival time obeying Poisson distribution, the return product employing lotsize process and the nonzero lead time of manufaeturinge/remanufacturing. The rational cost function with multiple constraints is employed to describe the inventory model. The genetic algorithm is employed to solve the inventory cost function to obtain the optimal solution of inventory checking periods, safe inventory point, product lot-sizes and process lot-sizes of return product. An example is presented to prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed method. Moreover, the influence of manufacturing/remanufacturing lead time and reuse rate of return production on the inventory control strategy of enterprise is analyzed.

Optimization of Supplier Switching with Asymmetric Information

The buyer-supplier relationship plays a great role in most economic systems. The buying firm usually tries to find a new supplier who provides products with satisfying quality and lower price. A broad branch of literature deals with the development of buyer-supplier relationships, but limited research is on the circumstances under which a buyer should terminate such a relationship and switch to a new supplier. In this paper, the incentive compatibility constraint (IC) which induces the entrant supplier to report his true cost is considered, and the participation constraint (PC) which ensures the entrant supplier to get at least reservation profit is taken into account. Then the supplier switching model is set up to minimize the buying firm's total procurement cost which includes the transfer payment to the incumbent supplier, the payment to the entrant supplier and the switching cost, and the buying firm's switching cost is considered as a function of the switching quantity. With the theoretical analysis of IC, PC and the proposed model, the optimal supplier switching strategy can be obtained. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the switching strategy.

A prediction mechanism of file access popularity and optimal strategy of replicas deployment in cloud computing

In cloud computing,the number of replicas and deployment strategy have extensive impacts on user's requirement and storage efficiency.Therefore,in this paper,a new definition of file access popularity according to users' preferences,and its prediction algorithm are provided to predict file access trend with historical data.Files are sorted by priority depending on their popularity.A mathematical model between file access popularity and the number of replicas is built so that the reliability is increased efficiently.Most importantly,we present an optimal strategy of dynamic replicas deployment based on the file access popularity strategy with the overall concern of nodes' performance and load condition.By this strategy,files with high priority will be deployed on nodes with better performance therefore higher quality of service is guaranteed.The strategy is realized in the Hadoop platform.Performance is compared with that of default strategy in Hadoop and CDRM strategy.The result shows that the proposed strategy can not only maintain the system load balance,but also supply better service performance,which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.

Pricing factors in capital market and investment strategy： Evidence from Chinese listed companies

This paper explores the performances of some frequently used asset pricing factors and their investment implications in Chinese stock market. It is noted that CAPM model can hardly be applied to Chinese market as portfolios based on 13 values cannot generate high return against high risk. However, two factors （Size and B/M） from Fama-French model （1992） deliver better performances. Such findings indicate that models based on theoretical analysis are somewhat away from practice, and those risk factors from empirical studies are more applicable though not based on theories. Therefore, further researches are desirable concerning asset pricing factors.

Sequential fault diagnosis strategy with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost

The problem of sequential fault diagnosis is to construct a diagnosis tree that can isolate the failure sources with minimal test cost. Pervious sequential fault diagnosis strategy generating algorithms only consider the execution cost at application stage, which may result in a solution with poor quality from the view of life cycle cost. Furthermore, due to the fact that uncertain information exists extensively in the real-world systems, the tests are always imperfect. In order to reduce the cost of fault diagnosis in the realistic systems, the sequential fault diagnosis problem with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost is presented and formulated in this work, which is an intractable NP-hard AND/OR decision tree construction problem. An algorithm based on AND/OR graph search is proposed to solve this problem. Heuristic search based on information theory is applied to generate the sub-tree in the algorithm. Some practical issues such as the method to improve the computational efficiency and the diagnosis strategy with multi-outcome tests are discussed. The algorithm is tested and compared with previous algorithms on the simulated systems with different scales and uncertainty. Application on a wheel momentum system of a spacecraft is studied in detail. Both the simulation and application results suggest that the cost of the diagnosis strategy can be reduced significantly by using the proposed algorithm, especially when the placement cost of the tests constitutes a large part of the total cost.

从实施策略的视角简述美国学校改进的发展历程

教育变革成为世界各国增强国力的一项重要议程,教育工作者都在努力寻求应对变革的有效策略,"学校改进"作为教育变革的一项策略日益受到关注。在美国,学校改进的发展已经有近30年的历史,但是在内地,学校改进的实践刚刚起步。因此,了解什么是学校改进及美国学校改进的发展脉络对我国的相关研究和实践会有很大帮助。但美国的学校变革错综复杂,本文拟选取不同时期学校改进策略的变化来描述其发展历程。内容主要分为三个部分:学校改进的界定;美国学校改进的来源;美国学校改进策略的发展。

Research on an International Marketing Strategy for Japanese Rice

This study aims to clarify the factors that form rice prices for different producing areas and brands in Japan, while ascertaining consumers＇ criteria in purchasing rice and their preference for taste in China, in order to establish the method to formulate an overseas marketing strategy for Japanese rice.

Strategy Analysis of the Biggest World Supermarkets With Open Capital and Which Act in the Brazilian Market

In view of the growth of retail, as well as the performance of large multinational supermarket branch in the Brazilian market, the purpose of this article is an analysis of the strategies of Casino, Carrefour, Walmart and open in the country capital, analyzing their operational, financial indicators socio-environmental initiatives. In order to achieve the main objective of this work, the construction of a method that validates this search was necessary. The main strategies and indicators of the three groups in four areas： corporate strategy, operational areo, financial areo, social and environmental issue, were analyzed. Study of qualitative, descriptive and exploratory character is realised through the importance of these three companies worldwide. As conclusions, it has been the expansion strategies that geared toward developing countries, adherence to new store formats, specializing in electronic commerce, as well as the superiority of Walmart （net sales） and Casino （Profitability）.

Problems and Solutions： A Cultural and Textual Approach to the E-C Translation of Response to Modernity-A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism

This paper reviews the translation process of Michael Meyer’s Response to Modernity-A History of the Reform Movement in Judaism. As the translator of this book, the author points out the problems confronted in the course of translation from the lexical, phrasal, sentential, and textual levels, meanwhile provides the corresponding translating strategies to solve these difficulties. The cultural strategy bridges the gap between the original work and the target language readers while the textual approach enhances the readability of the translated version. The translation of Response to Modernity into Chinese is of significant reference value for Chinese scholars dedicated to Jewish studies.

Teaching Cultural Strategies for Undergraduate Chinese-English Translation in Chinese Context

Although in China, ordinary translation theories favor the foreignizing strategy in translating culture, and outside China, there are opposing strategies between the cultural studies school and deconstructionist school, translation teachers should be fully aware of their respective revelations and limitations to translation teaching. This paper holds that in undergraduate C-E （Chinese-English~ translation teaching, the linguistic strategy is assimilation rather than alienation, thus, idiomaticness and preciseness should be emphasized. In teaching cultural translation strategy, first, we should promote students＇ cultural competence, which includes culture perceptive competence, culture comparison competence, culture evaluation competence, and culture mediation competence. Second, we need differentiate cultural strategies to translate literary and practical materials. In translating practical materials, functionality determines adaptation or exoticization; in translating literary materials, when cultural factor is the topic of writing, exoticization is employed for the main except that part of politeness system in institutional culture, abstract concrete conversion and description affection model in spiritual culture are adapted. When cultural factor is the background of writing, it is the target text aestheticality and readership intertextuality that determine adaptation or exoticization.