A resource-based economy is an economic system driven by the exploitation of mineral resources and dominated by the energy, mineral and other resource sectors. In resource- rich areas, there is often an investment bia...A resource-based economy is an economic system driven by the exploitation of mineral resources and dominated by the energy, mineral and other resource sectors. In resource- rich areas, there is often an investment bias toward the resource sector because of the existence of a threshold for investment in human capital in the manufacturing sector. Once the resource sector is dominant, it has a particular atwaction effect on the economic factors; its expansion and spread have a viscosity effect on industry families;, and the sunk costs and path dependence that emerge as industrialization evolves have a lock-in effect on the role of resources. This may give rise to development path dependence and the trap of resource advantage, resulting in a self-strengthening mechanism in resource-based economies. The key to escaping this trap is to break down the resource sector＇s original self-perpetuating mechanism and path dependence, introduce learning and innovation, adjust mechanisms far the distribution of resource benefits and realize industry coordination and transformational economic development.展开更多
At present, emancipating the mind has changed from a significant movement of ideological and theoretical reform initiated at a special historical moment in human society to an inherent requirement and organic constitu...At present, emancipating the mind has changed from a significant movement of ideological and theoretical reform initiated at a special historical moment in human society to an inherent requirement and organic constituent of social development that has been regularized, universalized, routinized and normalized. It is the condensed embodiment of the tension and conflict between the determinate and the creative, the natural and the transcendental in the structure of human existence. Its dynamic and constraining mechanisms are specifically manifested as the tension and conflict between innovative and conservative ideas, open and closed ways of thinking, and modern and traditional cultural patterns. In the course of a new emancipation of our thinking, we should not only actively promote specific emancipation of the mind on every level and in every sphere, but also highlight the establishment of mechanisms and institutions for such emancipation, and especially the formation of a mechanism for cultural innovation. We must create an institutional culture that respects different ideas; establish a mindset that is open, tolerant, creative and cherishes difference; and cultivate a cultural model that respects individuality and innovation.展开更多
文摘A resource-based economy is an economic system driven by the exploitation of mineral resources and dominated by the energy, mineral and other resource sectors. In resource- rich areas, there is often an investment bias toward the resource sector because of the existence of a threshold for investment in human capital in the manufacturing sector. Once the resource sector is dominant, it has a particular atwaction effect on the economic factors; its expansion and spread have a viscosity effect on industry families;, and the sunk costs and path dependence that emerge as industrialization evolves have a lock-in effect on the role of resources. This may give rise to development path dependence and the trap of resource advantage, resulting in a self-strengthening mechanism in resource-based economies. The key to escaping this trap is to break down the resource sector＇s original self-perpetuating mechanism and path dependence, introduce learning and innovation, adjust mechanisms far the distribution of resource benefits and realize industry coordination and transformational economic development.
文摘At present, emancipating the mind has changed from a significant movement of ideological and theoretical reform initiated at a special historical moment in human society to an inherent requirement and organic constituent of social development that has been regularized, universalized, routinized and normalized. It is the condensed embodiment of the tension and conflict between the determinate and the creative, the natural and the transcendental in the structure of human existence. Its dynamic and constraining mechanisms are specifically manifested as the tension and conflict between innovative and conservative ideas, open and closed ways of thinking, and modern and traditional cultural patterns. In the course of a new emancipation of our thinking, we should not only actively promote specific emancipation of the mind on every level and in every sphere, but also highlight the establishment of mechanisms and institutions for such emancipation, and especially the formation of a mechanism for cultural innovation. We must create an institutional culture that respects different ideas; establish a mindset that is open, tolerant, creative and cherishes difference; and cultivate a cultural model that respects individuality and innovation.
