城市机动车通行量与空气质量的相关性分析

基于Spearman相关性检验及统计分析的相关方法,以西安市为例,分别对机动车通行量与AQI、SO2、NO2的关系进行分析,研究发现空气质量随居民出行特点及时间上的变化特征及趋势;即二者呈一定变化规律:在上班高峰期及下班高峰期至晚9点出现当天AQI、SO2、NO2数值高峰。依次选取机动车数量与对应空气质量检测指标进行斯皮尔曼双边检验的相关性分析,综合可得出西安市机动车数量与对应空气质量检测指标呈现出较为明显的相关性,相关系数最高达0.688。利用实际数据的直接处理和分析,直观的说明了机动车通行量对城市空气质量有一定的影响,即机动车是影响空气质量的因素之一。

基于GIS技术的城市道路机动车流量阈值研究

针对城市中心道路机动车流量增加带来的大气环境污染问题,探讨区域机动车流量与污染物之间的关系。分析交通污染源强、道路几何条件和气象条件,建立基于ARCGIS重点区域机动车通行容量模型,用于计算城市重点区域机动车通行量阈值。以桂林市城市中心主要道路为例,分析区域不同空气质量等级下交通量限值,为环境及交通管理提供了决策支持依据。

Benzene and Toluene Levels Measured with DOAS During Vehicular Restrictions in Beijing

Measurements of atmospheric benzene and toluene were carried out continuously using dif- ferential optical absorption spectroscopy from August 7 to August 28 in Beijing during the period of vehicular restrictions. The correlations between traffic flows and totals of benzene and toluene were studied during the period of vehicular traffic restrictions from August 17 to August 20 and non-traffic restrictions on August 16 and August 21. The correlation coef- ficient was 0.8 between benzene and toluene. And the calculated daily mean value ratios of benzene to toluene were 0.43-0.50. During the period of vehicular restrictions, traffic flows were reduced about 11.8% and the levels of benzene and toluene were reduced by 11.4% and 12.8%, respectively. The vehicle emissions were recognized as the major sources for atmospheric benzene and toluene in Beijing.