劳动力要素禀赋、规模经营与农户机械技术选择——来自水稻机插秧技术的实证解释

利用2016年江西省、江苏省的农村入户调查数据,从劳动力要素禀赋和规模经营演进的视角,以水稻机插秧技术为例,分析了农户机械技术选择的作用机制和影响程度。研究结果表明:在经营规模偏小的情况下,机插秧是非理想的农户技术选择,资本节约型播种技术强化了非机械化技术的选择路径。农户水稻经营规模的增加显著促进农户机插秧技术的选择,水稻种植规模每增加1亩,农户机插秧技术的选择概率会平均增加0.13%。农业生产劳动力数和劳动雇工均价对农户机插秧技术选择具有显著的负向影响,在其他条件不变的情况下,家庭农业生产劳动力数和劳动雇工均价每增加1个单位,机插秧技术的选择概率分别平均降低32.87%和4.53%。因此,未来地方政府推进水稻全程机械化的进程中,相关政策重心应在加大技术服务供给和规范流转契约这两方面。

Strategies and Suggestions for the Development of Mechanized Rapeseed Production in Sichuan

Mechanization is the future direction of rapeseed production in Sichuan. A series of technology tests for rapeseed mechanized production have been carried out in terms of variety selection, key agronomic measures and machinery in the main production area of Sichuan in recent years. In the research, the agronomic techniques, including variety selection for mechanical production, key agronomic measures and mechanical harvesting were analyzed. Based on the present condi- tions, strategy and suggestions for the development of mechanized rapeseed produc- tion in Sichuan also were presented.