排水管道深基坑机械支护受力结构优化方法

排水管道深基坑支护受力结构的稳定影响城市市政的建设和发展。因此,提出市政施工中排水管道深基坑机械支护受力结构的优化方法。构建深基坑机械支护受力结构优化模型,选取优化参数,计算受力结构稳定性目标函数。采用遗传算法确定机械支护受力结构解的初始种群。通过处理约束条件、确定适应度函数和交叉操作以及变异操作,获取最佳的机械支护受力结构最优种群,实现深基坑机械支护受力结构的优化。实验结果表明,本方法深基坑机械支护受力结构稳定,具有应用价值。

基于岩体质量评价的深部斜坡道机械化支护技术研究

针对深部破碎围岩的永久性巷道支护,以谦比西铜矿主斜坡道支护为例,提出了一种基于岩体质量评价的全机械化自动支护技术。针对破碎岩体开展节理裂隙调查分析、岩芯质量和岩石力学参数测试,并利用RMR法和Q系统对岩体质量进行分级评价,根据分级结果采取机械化自动支护措施。结果表明:谦比西铜矿主斜坡道围岩为石英岩,节理密度为4.03条/m,具有互相穿插切割优势节理面,850m以下的深部岩体明显更为破碎、RQD值和岩体力学参数更低;深部岩体的RMR法和Q系统分级结果均为Ⅲ级,主要采用“素喷”或者“管缝锚杆+锚索+钢网”或者“锚杆+喷浆”联合支护方式,局部光面爆破效果不佳、较破碎的区域需要喷浆、锚索加强支护;支护设备采用SandvikDS411、DS421全自动锚杆、锚索台车作业,极大提高了作业效率和安全性。

煤矿综掘机械化支护系统研究

在利用长壁系统开采煤矿过程中,巷道掘进操作可为采矿工程实施提供良好的作业条件,使采矿设备有足够安全方便的作业空间和环境。通过采矿工程的机械化(挖掘、装载、架设支架)来缩短巷道掘进的时间,将显著缩短实施这些设施的时间和降低成本。目前,掘进作业已基本实现机械化,而架设钢拱架支护甚至锚固支护的问题仍难以有效解决。为解决该问题,提出临时机械化隧道支护及模块化安装和运输组装。该支架与工作面设备的其他部件一起构成了掘进作业中的机械化支护系统,固定支架安装在掘进机后方,可实现连续截割和装载。

研究建筑工程项目深基坑支护施工技术

随着城市化进程的加速,高层建筑和地下空间的开发利用愈发广泛,深基坑支护施工技术的重要性也愈发凸显。然而,受一些因素的影响,一些建筑工程项目的深基坑支护施工技术应用效果并不是很理想,影响项目的质量、安全和效益。因此,对深基坑支护施工技术进行了研究。首先对深基坑支护技术进行了概述,然后结合一些项目案例,对其在建筑工程项目中的应用进行分析,总结应用中的不足,并提出相应的应用策略,以期为相关人员在实际项目中提供有益的参考。

煤矿支护机械手立柱结构的优化设计

概述了煤矿支护机械手立柱结构的应用特点与优势,论述了煤矿支护机械手立柱结构的优化设计内容,进行了设计模拟分析,提出了煤矿支护机械手立柱结构的优化设计的应用效果:整体顶梁组合悬移支架新工艺、自移式液压支架和轻型悬移支架。

智能台车机械化支护在隧道施工中的应用

结合G4216线屏山新市至金阳高速公路XJ9标工程中的隧道支护工程实例,论文介绍本次工程中隧道机械化支护施工的技术创新要点,并对智能台车机械化施工的工艺流程和相应施工环节的具体操作要点进行详细阐述。

掘进作业中的机械化支护系统的可靠性研究

对平衡式隧道掘进机的机械化支护系统进行可靠性、可维护性分析。分析结果表明,机械化支护系统的三个子系统在超过89%的时间内都是可用的。为了提高系统的可靠性,需要对各个子系统进行预防性维护。根据得到的结果,子系统臂举、支腿和转台的80%可靠性级别的基于可靠性的预防性维修时间间隔分别为180 d、120 d和360 d。

掘进作业中液压支架的支护可靠性研究

针对目前掘进作业中机械化支护系统的支护参数设定依靠人工经验进行,存在精度低、可靠性差等问题,对井下液压支架的支护原理、支护参数选择原则等进行分析,结合井下实际支护经验,提出了“先人工调整再自动修正”的支架支护控制原则。根据实际应用表明,采用该支护方案后,液压支架支护系统支架参数选择的准确性有效提升,对提升井下支护效率和稳定性具有重要意义。

掘进作业中的机械化支护系统应用

针对目前掘进作业机械化支护系统中支护参数靠人工经验设定可靠性差的问题,对井下液压支架的支护原理、支护参数、选择原则等进行了分析,并结合井下实际支护经验,提出“先自动调整再人工修正”的支架支护控制原则。根据实际应用表明,该液压支架支护系统能够有效提升支架参数选择的准确性,对提升井下支护效率和稳定性具有十分重要的意义。

综掘巷道机械化临时护顶装置的研究与应用

通过机械化临时护顶装置的研究与应用,解决目前综掘巷道临时支护存在的护顶面积小、支护强度低、安全保障性差、工人劳动强度大等问题,减少了辅助作业时间,实现了"一掘多锚",增大了控顶面积,杜绝了空顶作业,增加了护顶装置对特殊情况的适应性,提高了综掘设备的掘进效率。

京张高铁八达岭长城站智能建造技术

为实现深埋超大跨地下车站智能建造技术,京张高铁八达岭长城站从隧道智能化勘察、设计、施工、监测四方面展开一系列探索和研究。研发基于掌子面自动化素描系统的定量化超前地质预报技术,实现掌子面地质信息智能图像预报与围岩精准分级;应用BIM技术搭建多专业协作的统一平台,实现真正意义上的三维集成协同智能设计;构建实时人机定位管理系统,实现复杂地下车站人流-物流的高效协调和智能施工;采用隧道结构安全智能监测系统,对围岩和支护结构的力学状态进行全寿命周期的实时监测。隧道智能建造技术在八达岭长城站的成功应用,极大提高隧道机械化、信息化、智能化建设水平,提升隧道的施工水平和综合管理能力。

国外大型采掘和支护机械的设计新思路

介绍了日本、德国新开发的超大型液压挖掘机、大型岩石切削机、挖沟机和支护专用机的设计新思路和性能特点，分析了可供我国借鉴之处。

NEW THEORY IN TUNNEL STABLILITY CONTROL OF SOFT ROCK──MECHANICS OF SOFT ROCK ENGINEERING

Tunnel stability control is a world-wide difficult problem. For the sake of solving it,the new theory of soft rock engineering mechanics has been estabilished. Some key points,such as the definition and classification of soft rock, mechanical deformation mechanism of a soft rock tunnel, the critical support technique of soft rock tunnel and the new theory of the soft rock tunnel stability control are proposed in this paper.

六臂掘锚机的设计研究

六臂掘锚机是集掘进、临时支护、顶帮锚杆锚索支护于一体的高端装备,适用于大中型煤矿复杂地质条件下的掘锚一体化作业,实现快速掘进。六臂掘锚机截割后直接进行支护作业,支护及时,支护作业在超前支护下,并有独立支护工作平台,安全性高,操作空间大,人员操作方便;支护作业机械化,打钻机构扭矩大,一次预紧到位,无需二次预紧,支护效率更高。六臂掘锚机是煤矿安全高效开采的迫切需求装备。

Study on mechanical principle of reinforcing sidewalls and corners of roadway to control floor heave by anchors

The movement principle of sidewalls and floor of extraction opening is analyzed, it is found that floor heave not only has something to do with the floor strata, but sidewalls. The effect of sidewall anchor and corner anchor is studied, the mechanical principle of reinforcing sidewalls and corners is put forward and applied in engineering practice.

Research on FRP bolt-end failure mechanism

Given the fact that FRP bolts for roadway support are often under a certain amount of eccentric load,we studied the problems of failure of FRP bolt-ends using mechanical analysis,numerical simulation and a laboratory experiment to reveal the FRP bolt-end failure mechanism.The results show that bolt-end stress increases rapidly,making the maximum stress under an eccentric load to be 5 to 7 times greater than that under a normal load,resulting first in the formation of some fractures at the bolt-end,which then spreads to the entire cross-section of the bolt.

Hydraulic support stability control of fully mechanized top coal caving face with steep coal seams based on instable critical angle

Analyzed the support instable mode of sliding,tripping,and so on,and believed the key point of the support stability control of fully mechanized coal caving face with steep coal seams was to maintain that the seam true angle was less than the hydraulic support instability critical angle.Through the layout of oblique face,the improvement of support setting load,the control of mining height and nonskid platform,the group support system of end face,the advance optimization of conveyor and support,and the other control tech- nical measures,the true angle of the seam is reduced and the instable critical angle of the support is increased,the hydraulic support stability of fully mechanized coal caving face with steep coal seams is effectively controlled.

Mechanical mechanism and support design analysis on bolt-beam-net support in soft rock roadway in Qigou Coal Mine

The deformation and failure mechanical mechanism in soft rock roadway is related to the stability of supported tunnels, which is important to coal mine production and construction. By physical mechanics experiments and X-ray diffraction （XRD） tests, the engineering mechanical properties of soft rock, as well as main mineral composition of the surrounding soft rock of Qigou Coal Mine, were obtained. Based on analysis results, a method using bolt-beam-net combination to support was put forward. Mechanical analysis of the support form was done by using the calculation software FLAC3D. Results show that clay minerals of this mine are kaolinite and illite mixed layer, of which the water absorption is relatively obvious and presented mudding characteristic after absorbing water, with the plasticity index of 0.35, with small expansibility, which is weakly consolidated colloid with strong connected force in unit cell. The rock blocks have the characteristics of moisture absorption softening, and the deformation mechanical mechanism of which is with the coexistence of molecular expansive mechanism, colloid expansive mechanism, and weak layer trend type. The calculation results show that the bolt-beam-net support structure makes the bolt, beam, and roof deform compatibly. The beams make the force in the bolt relatively homogeneous, which restricts the displacement of the tunnel roof as well. Finally, using in situ monitoring, the numerical results were verified.

Experimental study on sliding shaft lining mechanical mechanisms under ground subsidence conditions

Aimed at more than 60 shaft linings damaged in Huaibei, Datun, Xuzhou and Yanzhou mine areas, this paper presents a new type of sliding shaft lining with asphalt blocks sliding layer. By model test, it is obtained that the deformation characteristics and the mechanical mechanisms of the sliding shaft lining under the condition of ground subsidence. The research results provide a testing basis for the sliding shaft lining design. By now, this kind of sliding shaft lining had been applied in 9 shafts in China and Bangladesh.

Arrangement of anchor reinforcement in roadway for fully mechanized sublevel caving

Bolting of mining roadway for fully mechanized sublevel caving has been practised successfully in Hebi mining area.It provides a new method for roadway support and settles the problem of support difficulty radically for sublevel caving in Hebi mining area.Where anchor reinforcement holds an important station in roadway support.This article brings forward the arrangement project of anchor based on theoretic analysis.Compared with arranged in the middle of the entry, anchor arranged in the vertex of the entry can reduces the length of anchor,shortens the anchor installation time,and heightens the reliability of anchor installation.