A mixed-signal driver chip for a 132 × 64-pixel passive matrix OLED panel is presented. The chip has a 64-step gray scale control using the PWM method and two-step voltage pre-charge technology to pre-charge the ...A mixed-signal driver chip for a 132 × 64-pixel passive matrix OLED panel is presented. The chip has a 64-step gray scale control using the PWM method and two-step voltage pre-charge technology to pre-charge the OLED pixels. It consists of a digital controller,SRAM for display data memory,a DC-DC voltage converter,reference current generators,a pre-charge voltage generator,64 common drivers, and 132 segment drivers. The single chip is a typical current-drive circuit. It has been implemented in a Chartered 0.35/μm 18V HV （DDD） CMOS process with a die area of 10mm× 2mm. Test results show that the power consumption of the whole chip and all pixels with a constant driving current of 100μA while displaying the highest gray scale is 294mW with a 12V high voltage supply and a 3V low voltage supply.展开更多
A series of CH2, NH, O, and Se substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazote derivatives have been designed and investigated computationally to elucidate their potential as organic light-emitting materials for organic light-emit...A series of CH2, NH, O, and Se substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazote derivatives have been designed and investigated computationally to elucidate their potential as organic light-emitting materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Both ab initio Hartree-Foek and hybrid density functional methods are used. It is found that S by CH2, NH, O, and Se makes it possible transport properties of the pristine molecule adjusting the central aromatic ring by replacing to fine-tune the electronic, optical, and charge展开更多
Test results of reducing two stroke motorcycle emissions with new type carburettors and electronic fuel injection systems are presented. Analyses and comparison between different systems are discussed. The adoption o...Test results of reducing two stroke motorcycle emissions with new type carburettors and electronic fuel injection systems are presented. Analyses and comparison between different systems are discussed. The adoption of electronically controlled injection and corresponding electronic control technique is an effective measure of prolonged vitality to improve emissions from two stroke motorcycles. Suggestions about the strategic steps of China′s motorcycle emission control are proposed.展开更多
A multivariable regression(MVR) approach is proposed to identify the real power transfer between generators and loads.Based on solved load flow results,it first uses modified nodal equation method(MNE) to determine re...A multivariable regression(MVR) approach is proposed to identify the real power transfer between generators and loads.Based on solved load flow results,it first uses modified nodal equation method(MNE) to determine real power contribution from each generator to loads.Then,the results of MNE method and load flow information are utilized to determine suitable regression coefficients using MVR model to estimate the power transfer.The 25-bus equivalent system of south Malaysia is utilized as a test system to illustrate the effectiveness of the MVR output compared to that of the MNE method.The error of the estimate of MVR method ranges from 0.001 4 to 0.007 9.Furthermore,when compared to MNE method,MVR method computes generator contribution to loads within 26.40 ms whereas the MNE method takes 360 ms for the calculation of same real power transfer allocation.Therefore,MVR method is more suitable for real time power transfer allocation.展开更多
To implement a real-time reduction in NOx,a rapid and accurate model is required.A PLS-ELM model based on the combination of partial least squares(PLS)and the extreme learning machine(ELM)for the establishment of the ...To implement a real-time reduction in NOx,a rapid and accurate model is required.A PLS-ELM model based on the combination of partial least squares(PLS)and the extreme learning machine(ELM)for the establishment of the NOx emission model of utility boilers is proposed.First,the initial input variables of the NOx emission model are determined according to the mechanism analysis.Then,the initial input data is extracted by PLS.Finally,the extracted information is used as the input of the ELM model.A large amount of real data was obtained from the distributed control system(DCS)historical database of a 1 000 MW power plant boiler to train and validate the PLS-ELM model.The modeling performance of the PLS-ELM was compared with that of the back propagation(BP)neural network,support vector machine(SVM)and ELM models.The mean relative errors(MRE)of the PLS-ELM model were 1.58%for the training dataset and 1.69%for the testing dataset.The prediction precision of the PLS-ELM model is higher than those of the BP,SVM and ELM models.The consumption time of the PLS-ELM model is also shorter than that of the BP,SVM and ELM models.展开更多
Photoelectrocatalysis(PEC)is a promising approach that can convert renewable solar energy into chemical energy,while most concern is concentrated on PEC water splitting to obtain high‐value‐added fuel—hydrogen.In p...Photoelectrocatalysis(PEC)is a promising approach that can convert renewable solar energy into chemical energy,while most concern is concentrated on PEC water splitting to obtain high‐value‐added fuel—hydrogen.In practice,more economic benefits can be produced based on PEC technique,such as H_(2)O oxidative H_(2)O_(2) synthesis,organic selective oxidation,organic pollutants degradation and CO_(2) reduction.Although there are plenty of excellent reviews focusing on the PEC water splitting system,the production of various high‐value‐added chemicals in PEC systems has not been discussed synthetically.This Account will focus on the production process of various high‐value‐added chemicals through PEC technology.The photoelectrode design,reaction environment and working mechanisms of PEC systems are also discussed in detail.We believe that this comprehensive Account of the expanded application of photoelectrocatalysis can add an inestimable impetus to the follow‐up development of this technology.展开更多
Microcavity structure consisting of distributed Bragg reflector and metal aluminum mirror is designed. Using tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum as electron-transport layer and emissive layer, and N, N′-bis (3-methylp...Microcavity structure consisting of distributed Bragg reflector and metal aluminum mirror is designed. Using tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum as electron-transport layer and emissive layer, and N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl)-N, N′-diphenylbenzidine as a hole-transport layer, microcavity organic light-emitting diodes(MOLEDs) are fabricated. Compared to the electroluminescence spectra of non-cavity OLEDs, the linewidth of the MOLEDs is compressed from 75 nm to 7 nm, and the peak intensity enhances by a factor of about 3. When the effective length of the microcavity is modified, resonance wavelength can be selectively scanned over a very wide range of wavelengths that cover almost 140 nm.展开更多
Organic green light emitting devices(LEDs) with multi-quantum well(MQW) structure were fabricated. Aromatic diamine(TPD) was used as hole-transporting layer and potential barrier layer; Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) alumin...Organic green light emitting devices(LEDs) with multi-quantum well(MQW) structure were fabricated. Aromatic diamine(TPD) was used as hole-transporting layer and potential barrier layer; Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum(Alq 3) was acted as electron-transporting emitter and MQW green emitter. Air-stable aluminum(Al) was used as electron-injection contact. The influence of the thickness of potential barrier layer and the number of quantum well on the electroluminescent(EL) efficiencies of the devices was investigated. The organic LEDs with two quantum wells showed enhanced EL efficiencies. Maximum external quantum efficiency and brightness were 1.04 % and 7 000 cd/m 2, respectively.展开更多
MXenes are emerging two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials composed of transition metal carbides and/or nitrides and possess unique layered structures with abundant surface functional groups,which enable them with excellent...MXenes are emerging two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials composed of transition metal carbides and/or nitrides and possess unique layered structures with abundant surface functional groups,which enable them with excellent and tunable properties.MXenes films can be solution-processed in polar solvents and are very suitable for optoelectronic device applications.Especially,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene with the clear advantages of facile synthesis,flexible surface controlling,easily tunable work function,high optical transmittance and excellent conductivity shows great potential for applications in organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices.Therefore,this review briefly introduces the mainstream synthesis methods,optical and electrical properties of MXenes,and comprehensively summarizes the versatile applications of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene in different functional layers(electrode,interface layer and active layer)of organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices including solar cells and light-emitting diodes.Finally,the current application characteristics and the future possibilities of MXenes in organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices are concluded and discussed.展开更多
文摘A mixed-signal driver chip for a 132 × 64-pixel passive matrix OLED panel is presented. The chip has a 64-step gray scale control using the PWM method and two-step voltage pre-charge technology to pre-charge the OLED pixels. It consists of a digital controller,SRAM for display data memory,a DC-DC voltage converter,reference current generators,a pre-charge voltage generator,64 common drivers, and 132 segment drivers. The single chip is a typical current-drive circuit. It has been implemented in a Chartered 0.35/μm 18V HV （DDD） CMOS process with a die area of 10mm× 2mm. Test results show that the power consumption of the whole chip and all pixels with a constant driving current of 100μA while displaying the highest gray scale is 294mW with a 12V high voltage supply and a 3V low voltage supply.
文摘A series of CH2, NH, O, and Se substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazote derivatives have been designed and investigated computationally to elucidate their potential as organic light-emitting materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Both ab initio Hartree-Foek and hybrid density functional methods are used. It is found that S by CH2, NH, O, and Se makes it possible transport properties of the pristine molecule adjusting the central aromatic ring by replacing to fine-tune the electronic, optical, and charge
文摘Test results of reducing two stroke motorcycle emissions with new type carburettors and electronic fuel injection systems are presented. Analyses and comparison between different systems are discussed. The adoption of electronically controlled injection and corresponding electronic control technique is an effective measure of prolonged vitality to improve emissions from two stroke motorcycles. Suggestions about the strategic steps of China′s motorcycle emission control are proposed.
文摘A multivariable regression(MVR) approach is proposed to identify the real power transfer between generators and loads.Based on solved load flow results,it first uses modified nodal equation method(MNE) to determine real power contribution from each generator to loads.Then,the results of MNE method and load flow information are utilized to determine suitable regression coefficients using MVR model to estimate the power transfer.The 25-bus equivalent system of south Malaysia is utilized as a test system to illustrate the effectiveness of the MVR output compared to that of the MNE method.The error of the estimate of MVR method ranges from 0.001 4 to 0.007 9.Furthermore,when compared to MNE method,MVR method computes generator contribution to loads within 26.40 ms whereas the MNE method takes 360 ms for the calculation of same real power transfer allocation.Therefore,MVR method is more suitable for real time power transfer allocation.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71471060)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2018502111)
文摘To implement a real-time reduction in NOx,a rapid and accurate model is required.A PLS-ELM model based on the combination of partial least squares(PLS)and the extreme learning machine(ELM)for the establishment of the NOx emission model of utility boilers is proposed.First,the initial input variables of the NOx emission model are determined according to the mechanism analysis.Then,the initial input data is extracted by PLS.Finally,the extracted information is used as the input of the ELM model.A large amount of real data was obtained from the distributed control system(DCS)historical database of a 1 000 MW power plant boiler to train and validate the PLS-ELM model.The modeling performance of the PLS-ELM was compared with that of the back propagation(BP)neural network,support vector machine(SVM)and ELM models.The mean relative errors(MRE)of the PLS-ELM model were 1.58%for the training dataset and 1.69%for the testing dataset.The prediction precision of the PLS-ELM model is higher than those of the BP,SVM and ELM models.The consumption time of the PLS-ELM model is also shorter than that of the BP,SVM and ELM models.
文摘Photoelectrocatalysis(PEC)is a promising approach that can convert renewable solar energy into chemical energy,while most concern is concentrated on PEC water splitting to obtain high‐value‐added fuel—hydrogen.In practice,more economic benefits can be produced based on PEC technique,such as H_(2)O oxidative H_(2)O_(2) synthesis,organic selective oxidation,organic pollutants degradation and CO_(2) reduction.Although there are plenty of excellent reviews focusing on the PEC water splitting system,the production of various high‐value‐added chemicals in PEC systems has not been discussed synthetically.This Account will focus on the production process of various high‐value‐added chemicals through PEC technology.The photoelectrode design,reaction environment and working mechanisms of PEC systems are also discussed in detail.We believe that this comprehensive Account of the expanded application of photoelectrocatalysis can add an inestimable impetus to the follow‐up development of this technology.
文摘Microcavity structure consisting of distributed Bragg reflector and metal aluminum mirror is designed. Using tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum as electron-transport layer and emissive layer, and N, N′-bis (3-methylphenyl)-N, N′-diphenylbenzidine as a hole-transport layer, microcavity organic light-emitting diodes(MOLEDs) are fabricated. Compared to the electroluminescence spectra of non-cavity OLEDs, the linewidth of the MOLEDs is compressed from 75 nm to 7 nm, and the peak intensity enhances by a factor of about 3. When the effective length of the microcavity is modified, resonance wavelength can be selectively scanned over a very wide range of wavelengths that cover almost 140 nm.
文摘Organic green light emitting devices(LEDs) with multi-quantum well(MQW) structure were fabricated. Aromatic diamine(TPD) was used as hole-transporting layer and potential barrier layer; Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum(Alq 3) was acted as electron-transporting emitter and MQW green emitter. Air-stable aluminum(Al) was used as electron-injection contact. The influence of the thickness of potential barrier layer and the number of quantum well on the electroluminescent(EL) efficiencies of the devices was investigated. The organic LEDs with two quantum wells showed enhanced EL efficiencies. Maximum external quantum efficiency and brightness were 1.04 % and 7 000 cd/m 2, respectively.
基金Projects(52063010,51961010)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘MXenes are emerging two-dimensional(2D)nanomaterials composed of transition metal carbides and/or nitrides and possess unique layered structures with abundant surface functional groups,which enable them with excellent and tunable properties.MXenes films can be solution-processed in polar solvents and are very suitable for optoelectronic device applications.Especially,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene with the clear advantages of facile synthesis,flexible surface controlling,easily tunable work function,high optical transmittance and excellent conductivity shows great potential for applications in organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices.Therefore,this review briefly introduces the mainstream synthesis methods,optical and electrical properties of MXenes,and comprehensively summarizes the versatile applications of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene in different functional layers(electrode,interface layer and active layer)of organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices including solar cells and light-emitting diodes.Finally,the current application characteristics and the future possibilities of MXenes in organic/perovskite optoelectronic devices are concluded and discussed.
