浅谈水稻机育插秧技术规程——以华容县为例

华容县北倚长江,南滨洞庭,农业人口达55.3万,耕地总面积为116.7万亩,县内主要种植水稻、棉花等农作物。从2011年开始,华容县以推广早稻集中育秧为抓手,水稻播种面积从105万亩增加至133.8万亩以上,双季稻覆盖率达85%以上。基于此,研究小组对该县水稻机育插秧技术进行了简要概述,结合华容县水稻机育插秧实践经验,总结形成了完善的技术规程,包括早晚稻品种搭配与确定播插期、秧田准备、浸种催芽及确定播种量、机插秧操作、秧田期管理等内容,并对上述技术规程进行了探讨分析,仅供参考。

水稻机械化育插秧技术难点分析与对策

介绍安徽农垦大圹圩农场水稻机械化育插秧现状,存在难点及解决对策,主要包括实行"五替代"作业,工厂化生产和公司化管理,为提高水稻机械化插秧水平提供参考。

红香优3号作菜后机插水稻种植表现及栽培技术

红香优3号是广西象州黄氏水稻研究所育成的红香米杂交稻组合,2006年通过海南省审定。介绍了红香优3号5年来在三亚市作菜后机插水稻种植的表现,总结该品种作菜后稻实施机育插秧夺取高产的栽培技术。

Study on Sowing Date for Mechanicaltransplanting Rice under Wheat-Rice Cropping System in Chengdu Basin

Nurturing sturdy mechanical-transplanting seedlings is the key to achieve high yield using mechanical-transplanting technology under wheat-rice cropping conditions in Chengdu Basin. In this study, super hybrid rice II You 602 was adopted as experimental material, to investigate the effects of sowing date on seedling growth,transplanting quality, growth process and yield of mechanical-transplanting seedlings in wheat-rice cropping region of Chengdu Basin, thus exploring supporting high-yield cultivation techniques for mechanical-transplanting technology in Chengdu Basin, Results showed that the appropriate sowing date for mechanical transplanting in wheatrice cropping region of Chengdu Basin was April 10-15, and the appropriate seedling age was 45-50 d, which led to the highest yield of mechanical-transplanting seedlings. Although postponing sowing was conducive to improving transplanting quality and increasing the percentage of earbearing tillers, it would result in lagged group growth, poor spike quality and reduced effective number of panicles, grain number, seed-setting rate, 1 000-seed weight and other yield components, thus declining the yield. Yield reduction rate would be above 10% with sowing date postponed by 15 d.

Effects of Farming and Seedling-raising Methods on Population Growth and Grain Yield of Mechanized Transplanting Rice

The effects of farming method, rice variety and seedling-raising method were studied on the population growth quality and grain yield of the mechanized transplanting rice by way of three-factor split plot design. The results showed that the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was poorer than the conventional mechanical transplanting treatment in transplanting quality in general, but the former was similar to the latter in population growth quality. In regard to grain yield, the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was lower than the conventional me- chanical transplanting treatment. Raising both pot-mat seedling and plastic-tray seedling did not make much difference in population growth and grain yield of mechanized transplanting rice, so both of the seedling-raising methods can be adopted according to practical conditions.

Effect of Seedling Raising Methods on Leaf Photosynthesis and Grain Yield of Mechanically-transplanted Japonica Rice

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of seedling raising modes on photosynthetic charactedsticsand grain yield under wheat straw returning. Four representative cultivars in Huaibei area were selected as test materials. By setting potted seedlings and carpet seedlings, the effects of different nursery meth- ods on the photosynthesis of rice at different growth stages in Huaibei area were investigated. Compared with carpet seedlings, the leaf area index of potted seedlings decreased at the maturation stage, but the dry weight of leaf shewed no significant difference.The SPAD of potted seedlings had an increasing trend after transplanting, but the SPAD increased differently according to cultivars. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the leaves of pot seeding rice were significantly higher than those of carpet seedling rice on the 85^th d after transplanting. However, theintracellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency of leaves had no significant differences between different ＇treatments. The results indicate that the photosynthetic capacity of flag leaves of pot seedling rice is stronger in early and middle stages, but the decay rate of photosynthetic function is slightly faster than carpet seedling rice, which might be the main reason for the rice yield of potted seedlings having no remarkable difference from carpet seedlings.

Effects of Seedling Cutivation with Mat-fiber Mulch on Quality and Quantity of Early-season Rice

[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of tray mat of fiber mulch on quality and yield of early rice-season rice transplanted by machine. [Method] Seedling quality, the rate of leaked rice, density of mechanical transplanting rice, mature rate and yield covered with fiber mulch were compared with groups not covered with mulch. Furthermore, different indices of cultivated rice with and without fiber mulch were analyzed and compared. [Result] The rice yield in the group with fiber mulch improved by 11.9% and rice quality enhanced as wel . What＇s more, rice plants were much easier to be col ected, and the rate of leaked rice lowered by machine. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical references for seedling transplanting and cultivation of early-season rice by machine with tray mats.