光敏杂化溶胶-凝胶法研制多模干涉波导分束器

采用有机/无机杂化溶胶-凝胶方法制备高质量的SiO2薄膜和光敏性薄膜材料;利用三维FD-BPM(finitedifference beam propagation method)研究了掩埋式和暴露式矩形波导结构多模干涉(MMI)型光功率分束器的主要性能,理论模拟发现,掩埋式矩形波导结构分束器的长度、宽度和厚度容差性都优于暴露式矩形波导结构的MMI型分束器,并且具有更宽的带宽特性。通过简单的紫外曝光、显影工艺制备了1×4 MMI型波导分束器,分束器在1 550 nm波长附近的插入损耗为8.1～8.8 dB,功率分束不均匀性小于1 dB。

APTES改性蒙脱土对镁合金表面杂化溶胶-凝胶涂层防护性能的影响

针对蒙脱土与有机-无机杂化溶胶-凝胶体系较差的相容性,使用APTES对蒙脱土进行接枝改性,通过在蒙脱土表面引入氨基建立与溶胶-凝胶体系间较强的键合,在镁合金表面制备更加致密、稳定的复合涂层。对蒙脱土的表征结果表明APTES成功接枝到了蒙脱土片层上。结果分析表明,相比于纯溶胶-凝胶涂层,添加AP-MMT的溶胶-凝胶涂层的耐蚀性具有一定程度的提高。进一步对涂层样品浸泡在0.05 mol/L NaCl溶液中不同时间的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析表明,掺杂前后的溶胶-凝胶涂层具有不同的失效机制,这些都与改性蒙脱土的添加使得涂层具有更加致密的结构有关。

溶胶-凝胶涂层在镁合金腐蚀防护应用中的研究进展

镁合金是21世纪最富开发和应用潜力的优异绿色工程材料之一,但耐蚀性差成为制约其广泛应用的瓶颈。选择和开发合适的表面防护涂层可以有效提高镁合金表面的耐蚀性能。溶胶-凝胶涂层技术凭借其工艺简单、膜层成分结构可控、耐蚀性能优良等优点近年来在镁合金表面的腐蚀防护应用中得到重视。将用溶胶-凝胶技术在镁合金表面制备防腐蚀涂层的研究成果按照有机/无机杂化涂层、缓蚀因子/杂化涂层、电化学氧化/杂化涂层、化学转化/杂化涂层的分类方法进行了分析总结。这些涂层体系各具特色,其中含缓蚀因子的杂化涂层具备自修复能力,化学转化和电化学氧化杂化涂层的附着力突出,而单一涂层更容易破坏。在未来,镁合金表面溶胶-凝胶防护涂层的研究工作仍以有效结合现有的表面处理技术开发长效高耐蚀复合涂层为重心。

PCL/SiO_2杂化材料的受限结晶行为

以聚ε-己内酯(PCL)为聚合物基体,在正硅酸乙酯溶液中,通过溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同组成的PCL/SiO2透明有机/无机杂化材料。对产物进行了傅里叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热法及广角X射线衍射分析,采用偏光显微镜观察杂化材料的结晶形态。结果表明:该杂化材料体系中有机、无机组分间存在少量共价键;PCL在杂化体系中的结晶度、结晶行为及结晶形态受SiO2的影响,但PCL的结晶结构及微晶尺寸不受SiO2影响,PCL/SiO2杂化材料的熔点低于PCL。

Hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities of Nd-doped titanium dioxide thin films

The Nd-doped TiO2 thin films with higher hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities were prepared on glass slides by an acid-catalyzed sol？gel method. The effects of Nd doping on crystalline phase, surface composition and optical property were investigated by means of techniques such as X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, optical contact angle tester and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results show that Nd doping obviously influences the hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities of TiO2thin films. Nd doping could cause the TiO2 lattice distortion, inhibit phase transition from anatase to rutile, cause red shift of the absorption spectrum edge, produce hydroxyl radicals （·OH）, and accelerate surface hydroxylation, which result in a significant improvement in the hydrophilicity and photoreactivity of Nd-doped TiO2 thin films. When the content of Nd is 0.1% （mass fraction）, TiO2 thin films achieve the smallest grain size （about 15 nm）, and the hydrophilic and photocatalytic activities of TiO2 thin film reach the maximum, the contact angle is only 8.1°, and 92% of methylene blue is finally degraded. Moreover, the modification mechanism of Nd doping was also discussed.

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on EA-MAn-APTES and silica

Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.

Preparation and photocatalytic performance of Cu-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles

Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with different doping contents from 0 to 2.0% （mole fraction） were synthesized through sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） were used to characterize the crystalline structure, chemical valence states and morphology of TiO2 nanoparticles. UV-Vis absorption spectrum was used to measure the optical absorption property of the samples. The photocatalytic performance of the samples was characterized by degrading 20 mg/L methyl orange under UV-Vis irradiation. The results show that the Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit a significant increase in photocatalytic performance over the pure TiO2 nanoparticles, and the TiO2 nanoparticles doped with 1.0% Cu show the best photocatalytic performance. The improvement in photocatalytic performance is attributed to the enhanced light adsorption in UV-Vis range and the decrease of the recombination rate of photoinduced electron-hole oair of the Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles.

Effects of Ni doping contents on photocatalytic activity of B-BiVO_4 synthesized through sol-gel and impregnation two-step method

To enhance the photocatalytic activity of B-BiVO4,Ni-doped B?BiVO4photocatalyst(Ni-B-BiVO4)was synthesized through sol-gel and impregnation method.The photocatalysts were characterized by XPS,XRD,SEM,EDS,BET and UV-Vis DRS techniques.The results showed that single or double doping did not change the crystalline structure and morphology,but the particle size decreased with Ni doping.The band gap energy absorption edge of Ni-B-BiVO4shifted to a longer wavelength compared with undoped,B or Ni single doped BiVO4.More V4+and surface hydroxyl oxygen were observed in BiVO4after Ni-B co-doping.When the optimal mass fraction of Ni is0.30%,the degradation rate of MO in50min is95%for0.3Ni-B-BiVO4sample which also can effectively degrade methyl blue(MB),acid orange(AOII)II and rhodamine B(RhB).The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the synergistic effects of B and Ni doping.

Characterization and photoelectrochemical performance of Zn-doped TiO_2 films by sol-gel method

Zn-doped TiO2 (Zn?TiO2) thin films were prepared by the sol?gel method on titanium substrates with heat treatment at different temperatures. The effects of heat treatment temperatures and Zn doping on the structure, photocathodic protection and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 thin films were investigated. It is indicated that the photoelectrical performance of the Zn?TiO2 films is enhanced with the addition of Zn element compared with the pure-TiO2 film and the largest decline by 897 mV in the electrode potential is achieved under 300 °C heat treatment. SEM?EDS analyses show that Zn element is unevenly distributed in Zn?TiO2 films; XRD patterns reveal that the grain size of Zn?TiO2 is smaller than that of pure-TiO2; FTIR results indicate that Zn - O bond forms on Zn?TiO2 surface. Ultraviolet visible absorption spectra prove that Zn?TiO2 shifts to visible light region.Mott?Shottky curves show that the flat-band potential of Zn?TiO2 is more negative and charge carrier density is bigger than that ofpure-TiO2, implying that under the synergy of the width of the space-charge layer, carrier density and flat-band potential, Zn?TiO2 with 300 °C heat treatment displays the best photocathodic protection performance.

Anti-UV Capability of Rare Earth Doping TiO_2

The sol-gel process is used in the preparation of nanostructure materials with Ti(OC_ 4 H_ 9 )_ 4 as precursor in the start materials. TiO_ 2 gelatin is obtained through hydrolysis and condensation process. Rare earth such as La_ 2 O_ 3 , CeO_ 2 , Eu_ 2 O_ 3 and Gd_ 2 O_ 3 are introduced into the nanostructure TiO_ 2 to improve the anti-UV capacity. The phase structure of pure TiO_ 2 and doped TiO_ 2 and their anti-UV capacity are studied by means of XRD and UPF. The optimum doping and heat treatment temperature are chosen.

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of neodymium doping titania loaded to silicon dioxide

Neodymium doping titania was loaded to silicon dioxide to prepare Nd/TiO2-SiO2 by sol-gel method and Nd/TiO2-SiO2 was characterized by X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）. Photocatalytic activities of Nd/TiO2-SiO2 with different neodymium contents were evaluated by degradation of methyl orange. The light absorption of Nd/TiO2-SiO2 increased with increasing doping neodymium in a visible light range of 388-619 nm, and Nd doping was in favor of decreasing the recombination of photo-generated electrons with holes. Nd and SiO2 improved the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The optimal molar fraction of Nd to Ti was 0.1%, and the optimum calcination temperature was 600 ℃. The highest degradation rate of methyl orange was 82.9% after irradiation for 1 h.