除草剂禾草灭和拿捕净杀草特性比较

禾草灭(alloxydim)和拿捕净(sethoxydim)是共同含有环己酮环并对禾本科植物具有很高的除草活性、但对阔叶植物则几无活性的选择性极高的新颖除草剂。目前人们正利用这种特性,用以防除阔叶作物中的禾本科杂草。

Study on Damage Characteristics of Weedy Rice

In this study, several typical tralts of weedy rice and its damage charac-teristics were analyzed. The resuIts showed that the shattering of weedy rice was sometimes weaker than that of conventional rice. The newIy-harvested weedy rice seeds have certaln dormant period and a Iong active period, whiIe the conventional rice seeds have no dormant period but have a Iimited active period. In the direct seeding and intercropping rice fields where weedy rice occurs seriousIy Iast year, if not controI ed timeIy, weedy rice may caused a damage above 28%, sometimes even above 99%. After one season of cuItivation, the underground weedy rice and conventional rice seeds wiI be carbonized, Iosing their activity. The germination of underground weedy rice can be first induced, and when the Iast-season wheat is harvested, the germinated weedy rice can be kiI ed with 41% gIyphosate （3 000 mI/hm2）, thus the damage and expansion of weedy rice wiI be effectiveIy controI ed.

Agronomic Characters of Elymus dahuricus,Hordeum brevisubulatum and Their BC1F3

[ Objective] This study was to explore the inheritance of BC1 F3 to excellent characteristics of parents（ Elymus dahuricus, Hordeum brevisubu/atum）, heterosis and fertility restoration. E Methodl The agronomic characters such as growth period, growth rate, pollen fertility, fecundity, reproducibility and fresh grass output of Elymus dahudcus, Hordeum brevisubu/atum and BC1 F3 were comparatively studied. E Result l The growth dynamic of the BC1 F3 lined tended to like that of its parent Hordeum brevisubu/atum; although growing periods of various lines were different, they were close to that of Hordeurn brevisubulatum. There were differences in pollen fertility and seed setting, the pollen fertility rate of YF3-93 was higher than recurrent parent Hordeum brevisubulatum, its seed setting rate in open pollination was also higher. Some lines had low pollen fertility rate and seed setting rate, such as the pollen fertility rate of PF3-52. There were significant differences in the output among BC1 F3 lines, e.g. the heterosis （HP） of YF3-64, YF3-74 and YF3-83 were 75.53%, 75.12% and 66.16%, respectively; however, the yields of PF3- 52, PF3-15 and PF3-42 were lower than their parents. ~ Conclusion] This study provided reference for breeding new varieties of forage which is suitable to drought and saline environment.

Characteristics of Fruit Quality of Peach Cultivars and Hybrids in the Steppe Crimea

The study of peach fruit quality and biochemical composition of cultivars and hybrids were conducted in terms of the steppe zone of Crimea. A total of 40 cultivars and hybrids from five periods of ripening were analyzed for content of basic biochemical components： solids, sugars, acids, polyphenolic compounds and vitamin C. The main fruit quality parameters： the size, the attractive appearance, the consistency flesh, the stone adherence to flesh, taste and others have been evaluated. As a result of studies peach cultivars with a high content of sugar in the fruit under the steppe Crimea have highlighted： Kremlyovskiy （13.6）, Regina （13.2）, Velvet （12.9）, hybrids C7/38 （13.1） and C4/57 （12.9）. Cultivars and hybrids of peach 10607, C1/227 C7/38, C7/6, C8/162, C4/147, C16/87, C4/64, Early Red Haven, Miorita, 7/221, Kremlyovskiy, 10848 are characterized by the best biochemical and morphological indices of fruits. They are recommended for State cultivar testing or use in breeding work to improve the quality of peach fruits.