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新古典现实主义视角下的过度防御心理研究——以斯普特尼克一号事件(1957~1958)为例 被引量:1
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作者 韦智中 《社会科学前沿》 2021年第11期3025-3032,共8页
本文的研究问题是:在苏联第一颗人造卫星发射升空后,美国缘何在政策上陷入过度防御心理之中?综合新古典现实主义理论框架,列出的解释变量包括体系刺激(自变量),领导人认知(中介变量)以及过度防御心理的政策输出(因变量)。运用过程追踪法... 本文的研究问题是:在苏联第一颗人造卫星发射升空后,美国缘何在政策上陷入过度防御心理之中?综合新古典现实主义理论框架,列出的解释变量包括体系刺激(自变量),领导人认知(中介变量)以及过度防御心理的政策输出(因变量)。运用过程追踪法,对1957年~1958年的案例进行了分析,得出的结论是:由于处于两级结构之中,美国对于无政府状态下的国际体系中的权力分配的变化极为敏感,加之侦查与情报手段的相对匮乏导致领导人无法确切感知到真正的权力分配信号,影响权力知觉;并在战略文化、国内观众成本以及历史经验的作用下,做出了反应过度防御心理的战略决策。 展开更多
关键词 过度防御 斯普特尼克一号 权力知觉 国内观众成本
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The Blind Spot of the Sovereign Eye: On the Gaze in Merleau-Ponty and Lacan
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作者 Lysane Fauvel 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2012年第7期450-462,共13页
In this essay I will explicate the gaze (le regard) and the ways in which it exceeds or transcends what we know as vision, the objectifying or representational power of the eyes. Building critically on Sartre, the g... In this essay I will explicate the gaze (le regard) and the ways in which it exceeds or transcends what we know as vision, the objectifying or representational power of the eyes. Building critically on Sartre, the gaze in Lacan and Merleau-Ponty is part of the technical apparatus used to describe the foundation, production, and reproduction of the subject. I will begin by discussing the role of visual perception in subject-formation in their respective work, differentiating between the Merleau-Pontian notion of the "gaze of the world," i.e., the ways in which things cast their gaze upon us, and the Lacanian gaze as a manifestation of the scopic drive. Through an analysis of anamorphosis I will show (1) how the gaze evades the spectator, (2) what the relationship of the gaze is to the object petit a as the object of the scopic drive, and (3) how both Merleau-Ponty and Lacan require a movement that precedes and destabilizes the subject of intentional consciousness. 展开更多
关键词 PHENOMENOLOGY PSYCHOANALYSIS MERLEAU-PONTY Lacan GAZE Anamorphosis
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