不同胶粘剂在毛竹和杉木表面的润湿性

通过渗透扩散系数来评价胶粘剂在试材表面的湿润性能,研究酚醛树脂胶(PF)、聚异氰酸酯胶(PM D I)、双组分聚异氰酸酯乳液型胶粘剂(EP I)和脲醛树脂胶(U F)4种胶粘剂分别在毛竹和杉木表面的接触角及渗透扩散速率变化规律.结果表明:4种胶粘剂在毛竹表面的润湿性均小于杉木,在毛竹竹青上的润湿性小于竹黄;对于同一毛竹或杉木表面,PM D I胶的润湿性最好,而EP I胶较差,PF、U F介于二者之间.

Soil microbial properties and nutrients in pure and mixed Chinese fir plantations

An investigation on soil organic carbon, total N and P, NO3-N, available P, microbial biomass C, N and P, basal respiration and metabolic quotients （qCO2） was conducted to compare differences in soil microbial properties and nutrients between 15-year-old pure Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata） and two mixed Chinese fir plantations （mixed plantations with Alnus crernastogyne, mixed plantations with Kalopanax septemlobus） at Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology （26°45′N latitude and 109°30′E longitude）, Chinese Academy of Sciences in May, 2005. Results showed that the concentrations of soil organic carbon, total N, NO3^--N, total P and available P in mixed plantations were higher than that in pure plantation. Soil microbial biomass N in two mixed plantations was averagely higher 69% and 61% than that in pure plantation at the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil depth, respectively. Soil microbial biomass C, P and basal respiration in mixed plantations were higher 11%, 14% and 4% at the 0-10 cm soil depth and 6%, 3% and 3% at the 10-20 cm soil depth compared with pure plantation. However, soil microbial C： N ratio and qCO2 were averagely lower 34% and 4% in mixed plantations than pure plantation. Additionally, there was a closer relation between soil microbial biomass and soil nutrients than between basal respiration, microbial C： N ratio and qCO2 and soil nutrients. In conclusion, introduction of broad-leaved tree species into pure coniferous plantation improved soil microbial properties and soil fertility, and can be helpful to restore degraded forest soil.

古琴是怎样制作的(上)

琴为弹弦乐器,古代称琴、瑶琴。现代称古琴、七弦琴。汉魏以来的司马相如、嵇康都以弹琴著称。唐代韩愈、白居易等诗人都曾为古琴写下过不朽的诗句。南宋末年以来,随着古琴演奏艺术的发展和演奏风格、师承渊源、所据传谱的不同,形成了众多的琴派,各有卓越的琴家和琴曲。古琴的制作工艺也有悠久的历史,制琴名家辈出。在唐代,仅四川雷氏家族就有雷宵、雷威、雷珏、雷迅等10余人,给后世留下了不少精品。 应一些读者的要求,我刊记者采访了北京“钧天坊”古琴制作师王鹏先生,他向记者介绍了古琴大致的制作过程,希望热爱古琴的朋友通过看本栏目后,能对古琴的制作过程有一个粗略的了解。受篇幅所限,我们不可能面面具到,希望读者能够谅解。

High-valued Utilization of China Fir Sawdust Extracted Essential Oil:Preparation of Granular Activated Carbons for n-Butane Adsorption

[Objective] The aim was to study on the high-valued utilization of China Fir sawdust extracted essential oil.[Method] In the field of fir essential oil extraction,the processed China fir sawdust was used to prepare low-valued products.The high-valued utilization of China fir sawdust extracted essential oil(CFSEEO),namely as a precursor to prepare granular activated carbons(GACs),was attempted.The materials were characterized by ultimate analysis,SEM and XRD.[Rusult] A butane working capacity(BWC)of 14.3 g/100 ml was obtained by using the GACs with apparent density of 0.25 g/ml.It was available to introduce the technology of extracting essential oil from the China fir sawdust(CFS)in the industrial production process of activated carbons with high BWC(12.0-16.5 g/100 ml)and high surface area(2 000-2 630 m2/g)using phosphoric acid based on previous studies of the authors.[Conclusion] The resulting carbon prepared with the raw materials containing lower moisture exhibited a better property on n-butane adsorption.

Induction chemotherapy followed by weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin with concurrent radiotherapy in inoperable stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancers: results of a phase Ⅱ trial

Objective： several trials have suggested the superiority of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. It has been hypothesized that the addition of systemic dose sequential chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy, as induction or as consolidation, might further improve survival rates. So we sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of induction paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin with concurrent radiotherapy in inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： Fifty-six patients with stage III inoperable NSCLC received induction chemotherapy with 2 cycles of paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC-6 every 3 weeks then patients were assigned to concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel 45 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC-2 weekly along with concurrent radiotherapy at dose of 60 Gy （1.8 Gy/d x 5 d/week）. Results： Median age of the 56 eligible patients was 61 years, most of them were males （87.5%）. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common pathological type （55.4%） and 85.7% had a performance status of 1. The majority of patients were presented with stage IIIB （62.5%）. Neutropenia was the most common toxicity during induction therapy （12.5% expressed grade 3） whereas esophagitis was the most common non hematologic adverse reaction during concurrent chemoradiotherapy （14.3% of grade 3）. The overall response rate was 71.6% with complete response in 19.6%. After median follow up of 20 months, the median survival time was 13 months （95% CI： 10.917-15.083） and 1 year overall survival rate was 53.6%. Conclusion： This regimen has demonstrated an acceptable toxicity profile and encouraging response to treatment. Evaluation of this regimen in larger number and a phase III trial are recommended.

Impact of a Pharmacist Implemented Protocol on Overall Use of Alvimopan （Entereg） and Length of Stay in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgeries

The primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of a pharmacist-implemented protocol on number of post-operative alvimopan doses. The secondary objective of this study is to assess LOS （length of stay）, in days, before and after protocol implementation. A retrospective chart review was conducted from October 2015 through March 2016 for all laparoscopic colorectal surgeries. Number of post-operative alvimopan doses received and LOS was recorded for each patient that received at least one dose of alvimopan. Comparative data, before protocol implementation, from November 2014 through June 2015 were analyzed against the study data. Number of post-operative alvimopan doses and LOS were recorded. The mean number of doses was 6.41 in the comparator group and 4.25 in the study group （probability size P 〈 0.001）, which did meet statistical significance. Although the secondary objective was not statistically significant, LOS slightly decreased as the mean LOS was 5.01 days in the comparator group versus 4.49 days in the study group （P = 0.256）. At the current price of $120 per capsule, close to $30,000 was saved during the study period, projecting an annual cost savings of approximately $68,000. Results from this study show that pharmacists can play a vital role in cost savings and ensuring appropriate use of certain high-risk medications, like alvimopan, without increasing overall length of stay.

Research Advance on Metasequoia:Applications of New Technology

The plant genus Metasequoia Miki,1941 and its sole living relict species Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng,1948 have been of special interest for both the public and scientists since 1941 when the genus was established.Due to its unique discovery history（fossils discovered earlier than the living species） and incomparable scientific value in the research of plant evolution and its relationship with environmental and climatic changes, Metasequoia becomes arguably the most comprehensively studied higher plant in both fossil and living forms.This paper summarized recent advance in Metasequoia research by reviewing the research history of Metasequoia and the scientific value of this genus,while paid special attention to the application of new methods and techniques in the research field of Metasequoia in the recent decades.The application of biogeochemical（organic geochemistry and stable isotope） analysis as well as the new and innova ted methods of preparing large-sized cuticular membrane from leaves with originally thin and fragile cuticles further secure Metasequoia＇s super star status for the research of palaeoclimatic reconstruction.