[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] ...[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] Taking three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca as the research object, the phenophase of blooming,morphology characteristics of floral organs and development characteristics of floral organs were observed, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] The results showed that three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca were in blossom in early April, the florescence were relatively late for 8-12 d comparing with the varieties of apricot, the florescence were relatively similar to the P. domestica L. Morphology characteristics of floral organs of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca had few differences, were relatively similar to two varieties of plum, and they all had high percent of middle-style and long-style flower.The pollen amount of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca had a little differences comparing with two varieties of plum, but were lower than three varieties of apricot. There were some differences in pollen viability, the germination percentage of pollen of ‘Konglongdan＇ was relatively high, was 51.6%; The pollen amount of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇ was relatively high, was 880.8 per anther; ‘Weidi＇ had fewer pollen amount, and the pollen viability was just 2.1%; Three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca all had strong stigma receptivity on the bloom day, and the stigma receptivity continued exist until the day that 5 days after blooming. [Conclusion] The florescence of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca were relatively concentrated, and the rate of pistil abortion was lowest, the variation intensity of stigma receptivity and sustainable time of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca almost had a little differences comparing with a variety of plum, but slightly more than three varieties of apricot.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to understand the flowering biological characteristics of different varieties Prunus domestica L. in Aksu Jiamu Experi- ment Station. [Method] Three varieties of plum as Prunus do...[Objective] The aim of this study was to understand the flowering biological characteristics of different varieties Prunus domestica L. in Aksu Jiamu Experi- ment Station. [Method] Three varieties of plum as Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇, Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Victoria＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Stanley＇ were the research subjects. The phenophases of blooming, and the morphological and developmental characteristics of floral organs were observed. The amount and viability of pollen and the stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] Three varieties of plum all blossomed in early April, and the florescence had lasted for 9-10 d. The average number of anthers was 28.48%. The average number of pollen grains in each flower was 28 700.0. The pollen germination rate was 27.4%. 86.75% of the flowers were medium-styled or long-styled. There was no significant difference in the petal shape, color, anther number, calyx color, and flower ovary among the three varieties of plum. The stigma receptivity was strongest on the first day of flowering, and then dropped gradually. Therefore, the flowers of plum were manual pollinated on the first day of flowering. The duration time of stigma receptivity of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was longer than the other cultivars, the duration time of stigma receptivity was about 5 d. [Conclusion] The pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇ were higher than the other cultivars, which be considered the most suitable pollinizer for plum. In contrast, the complete flower rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was relatively high, but the pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ were lower than Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇, which are not suitable to use as a pollinizer for plum.展开更多
An approach for short-term forecasting of municipal water consumption was presented based on the largest Lyapunov exponent of chaos theory. The chaotic characteristics of time series of urban water consumption were ex...An approach for short-term forecasting of municipal water consumption was presented based on the largest Lyapunov exponent of chaos theory. The chaotic characteristics of time series of urban water consumption were examined by means of the largest Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension. By using the largest Lyapunov exponent a short-term forecasting model for urban water consumption was developed, which was compared with the artificial neural network (ANN) approach in a case study. The result indicates that the model based on the largest Lyapunov exponent has higher prediction precision and forecasting stability than the ANN method, and its forecasting mean relative error is 9.6% within its maximum predictable time scale while it is 60.6% beyond the scale.展开更多
In this paper we study the local measure of approximation of a class of special mathematical expectation operators to Lipschitz class of functions by probabilistic method. The some well known operators (e. g., the Ber...In this paper we study the local measure of approximation of a class of special mathematical expectation operators to Lipschitz class of functions by probabilistic method. The some well known operators (e. g., the Bernstein, Bascakov and Szasz-Mirakjan operators etc) are special cases of a class of the mathematical expetation operators.展开更多
There are two algebraic lower bounds of the number of n-periodic points of a self-map f ： M →4 M of a compact smooth manifold of dimension at least 3： NFn（f） = min{#Fix（gn）;g - f; g continuous} and NJDn（f） = ...There are two algebraic lower bounds of the number of n-periodic points of a self-map f ： M →4 M of a compact smooth manifold of dimension at least 3： NFn（f） = min{#Fix（gn）;g - f; g continuous} and NJDn（f） = min{#Fix（gn）;g - f; g smooth}. In general, NJDn（f） may be much greater than NFn（f）. We show that for a self-map of a semi-simple Lie group, inducing the identity fundamental group homomorphism, the equality NFn（f） = NJDn（f） holds for all n →← all eigenvalues of a quotient cohomology homomorphism induced by f have moduli ≤ 1.展开更多
An epidemic model with a class of nonlinear incidence rates and distributed delay is analyzed. The nonlinear incidence is used to describe the saturated or the psychological effect of certain serious epidemics on the ...An epidemic model with a class of nonlinear incidence rates and distributed delay is analyzed. The nonlinear incidence is used to describe the saturated or the psychological effect of certain serious epidemics on the community when the number of infectives is getting larger. The distributed delay is derived to describe the dynamics of infectious diseases with varying immunity. Lyapunov functionals are used to show that the diseasefree equilibrium state is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than or equal to one. Moreover, it is shown that the disease is permanent if the basic reproduction number is greater than one. Furthermore, the sufficient conditions under which the endemic equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable are obtained.展开更多
基金Supported by Highly-qualified and Highly-efficient Cultivation Technology Demonstration adn Promotion of Apricot and Plum~~
文摘[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] Taking three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca as the research object, the phenophase of blooming,morphology characteristics of floral organs and development characteristics of floral organs were observed, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] The results showed that three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca were in blossom in early April, the florescence were relatively late for 8-12 d comparing with the varieties of apricot, the florescence were relatively similar to the P. domestica L. Morphology characteristics of floral organs of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca had few differences, were relatively similar to two varieties of plum, and they all had high percent of middle-style and long-style flower.The pollen amount of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca had a little differences comparing with two varieties of plum, but were lower than three varieties of apricot. There were some differences in pollen viability, the germination percentage of pollen of ‘Konglongdan＇ was relatively high, was 51.6%; The pollen amount of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇ was relatively high, was 880.8 per anther; ‘Weidi＇ had fewer pollen amount, and the pollen viability was just 2.1%; Three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca all had strong stigma receptivity on the bloom day, and the stigma receptivity continued exist until the day that 5 days after blooming. [Conclusion] The florescence of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca were relatively concentrated, and the rate of pistil abortion was lowest, the variation intensity of stigma receptivity and sustainable time of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca almost had a little differences comparing with a variety of plum, but slightly more than three varieties of apricot.
基金Supported by High-quality and Highly-efficient Cultivation Technology Promotion of Prunus simonii~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to understand the flowering biological characteristics of different varieties Prunus domestica L. in Aksu Jiamu Experi- ment Station. [Method] Three varieties of plum as Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇, Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Victoria＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Stanley＇ were the research subjects. The phenophases of blooming, and the morphological and developmental characteristics of floral organs were observed. The amount and viability of pollen and the stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] Three varieties of plum all blossomed in early April, and the florescence had lasted for 9-10 d. The average number of anthers was 28.48%. The average number of pollen grains in each flower was 28 700.0. The pollen germination rate was 27.4%. 86.75% of the flowers were medium-styled or long-styled. There was no significant difference in the petal shape, color, anther number, calyx color, and flower ovary among the three varieties of plum. The stigma receptivity was strongest on the first day of flowering, and then dropped gradually. Therefore, the flowers of plum were manual pollinated on the first day of flowering. The duration time of stigma receptivity of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was longer than the other cultivars, the duration time of stigma receptivity was about 5 d. [Conclusion] The pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇ were higher than the other cultivars, which be considered the most suitable pollinizer for plum. In contrast, the complete flower rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was relatively high, but the pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ were lower than Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇, which are not suitable to use as a pollinizer for plum.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50578108) .
文摘An approach for short-term forecasting of municipal water consumption was presented based on the largest Lyapunov exponent of chaos theory. The chaotic characteristics of time series of urban water consumption were examined by means of the largest Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension. By using the largest Lyapunov exponent a short-term forecasting model for urban water consumption was developed, which was compared with the artificial neural network (ANN) approach in a case study. The result indicates that the model based on the largest Lyapunov exponent has higher prediction precision and forecasting stability than the ANN method, and its forecasting mean relative error is 9.6% within its maximum predictable time scale while it is 60.6% beyond the scale.
文摘In this paper we study the local measure of approximation of a class of special mathematical expectation operators to Lipschitz class of functions by probabilistic method. The some well known operators (e. g., the Bernstein, Bascakov and Szasz-Mirakjan operators etc) are special cases of a class of the mathematical expetation operators.
基金supported by the National Science Center,Poland(Grant No.UMO2014/15/B/ST1/01710)
文摘There are two algebraic lower bounds of the number of n-periodic points of a self-map f ： M →4 M of a compact smooth manifold of dimension at least 3： NFn（f） = min{#Fix（gn）;g - f; g continuous} and NJDn（f） = min{#Fix（gn）;g - f; g smooth}. In general, NJDn（f） may be much greater than NFn（f）. We show that for a self-map of a semi-simple Lie group, inducing the identity fundamental group homomorphism, the equality NFn（f） = NJDn（f） holds for all n →← all eigenvalues of a quotient cohomology homomorphism induced by f have moduli ≤ 1.
文摘An epidemic model with a class of nonlinear incidence rates and distributed delay is analyzed. The nonlinear incidence is used to describe the saturated or the psychological effect of certain serious epidemics on the community when the number of infectives is getting larger. The distributed delay is derived to describe the dynamics of infectious diseases with varying immunity. Lyapunov functionals are used to show that the diseasefree equilibrium state is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than or equal to one. Moreover, it is shown that the disease is permanent if the basic reproduction number is greater than one. Furthermore, the sufficient conditions under which the endemic equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable are obtained.
