聚类分析在李品种谱系分析中的应用

采用聚类分析法,以李花粉纹饰作为主要指标,对黑龙江地区主要栽培的31个李品种进行了聚类分析研究。采用因子分析法,从李花粉的16个主要观测指标中选择了赤道轴平均值等6个指标作为聚类分析的主要指标,其方差贡献率达到了90%以上。然后采用Ward法和Minkovski算法进行聚类,最终得到了部分品种亲本的4个分类结果。通过对结果的分析,可以实现对李品种谱系的深入研究和讨论。该结果表明,聚类分析对于作物亲本的研究是有效的,其结果是合理的。

Study on the Flowering Biological Characteristics of Prunus domestica × armeniaca

[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] Taking three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca as the research object, the phenophase of blooming,morphology characteristics of floral organs and development characteristics of floral organs were observed, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] The results showed that three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca were in blossom in early April, the florescence were relatively late for 8-12 d comparing with the varieties of apricot, the florescence were relatively similar to the P. domestica L. Morphology characteristics of floral organs of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca had few differences, were relatively similar to two varieties of plum, and they all had high percent of middle-style and long-style flower.The pollen amount of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca had a little differences comparing with two varieties of plum, but were lower than three varieties of apricot. There were some differences in pollen viability, the germination percentage of pollen of ‘Konglongdan＇ was relatively high, was 51.6%; The pollen amount of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇ was relatively high, was 880.8 per anther; ‘Weidi＇ had fewer pollen amount, and the pollen viability was just 2.1%; Three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca all had strong stigma receptivity on the bloom day, and the stigma receptivity continued exist until the day that 5 days after blooming. [Conclusion] The florescence of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca were relatively concentrated, and the rate of pistil abortion was lowest, the variation intensity of stigma receptivity and sustainable time of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca almost had a little differences comparing with a variety of plum, but slightly more than three varieties of apricot.

The Flowering Biology of Plum(Prunus domestica L.) in Aksu Region, Xinjiang

[Objective] The aim of this study was to understand the flowering biological characteristics of different varieties Prunus domestica L. in Aksu Jiamu Experi- ment Station. [Method] Three varieties of plum as Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇, Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Victoria＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＂Stanley＇ were the research subjects. The phenophases of blooming, and the morphological and developmental characteristics of floral organs were observed. The amount and viability of pollen and the stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] Three varieties of plum all blossomed in early April, and the florescence had lasted for 9-10 d. The average number of anthers was 28.48%. The average number of pollen grains in each flower was 28 700.0. The pollen germination rate was 27.4%. 86.75% of the flowers were medium-styled or long-styled. There was no significant difference in the petal shape, color, anther number, calyx color, and flower ovary among the three varieties of plum. The stigma receptivity was strongest on the first day of flowering, and then dropped gradually. Therefore, the flowers of plum were manual pollinated on the first day of flowering. The duration time of stigma receptivity of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was longer than the other cultivars, the duration time of stigma receptivity was about 5 d. [Conclusion] The pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇ were higher than the other cultivars, which be considered the most suitable pollinizer for plum. In contrast, the complete flower rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ was relatively high, but the pollen number and pollen germination rate of Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇French＇ and Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Victoria＇ were lower than Prunus domestica L. cv. ＇Stanley＇, which are not suitable to use as a pollinizer for plum.