The flowering biology and fruit development characteristics of a Xinjiang apricot （Armeniaca vulgaris Lam） cultivar Kezilang were studied by measuring its flowering phenology, floral organ development, stigma recept...The flowering biology and fruit development characteristics of a Xinjiang apricot （Armeniaca vulgaris Lam） cultivar Kezilang were studied by measuring its flowering phenology, floral organ development, stigma receptivity, pollen quantity, pollen viability, fruit diameter, fruit fresh weight, fruit dry weight and fruit contents, with an attempt to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and promotion of Kezilang. The results showed that Kezilang can be popularized as an early-maturing apricot cultivar, as it had high fruit setting rate, large fruit weight, excellent taste, high sugar content and lower titratable acid content in fruit. The dynamic curves of Kezilang fruit diameters in three directions, fruit fresh weight and fruit dry weight were all S-shaped, and the rapid growth stage of dry weight was later than that of other terms. Fruit swelling was due to higher water content of flesh tissue in early stage of the rapid growth periods of fruit. Most sugar in flesh was accumulated at the second rapid growth period of fruit.展开更多
To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different me...To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different media on its pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum media for pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes were 10% sucrose ＋0.1% boric acid and 5% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid respectively. The self-pollination setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was 4.70%, indicating that ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was self-incompatible. The reasons for the self-incompatibility of ‘Kuijin＇ were explored according to its pollen weight and pollen quantity. The results showed that self-pollinate setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was closely related to the length of pollen tubes,but it had no direct correlation with pollen quantity.展开更多
AIM： To assess the antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of long-term Ginkgo biloba administration on liver fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction in rats. METHODS： Liver fibrosis was induced in male Wistar albino r...AIM： To assess the antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of long-term Ginkgo biloba administration on liver fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction in rats. METHODS： Liver fibrosis was induced in male Wistar albino rats by bile duct ligation and scission （BDL）. Ginkgo biloba extract （EGb 761, 50 mg/kg.per d） or saline was administered for 28 d. At the end of the treatment period, all rats were killed. Serum aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） levels were determined to assess liver functions and tissue damage, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） was also assayed in serum samples. Liver tissues were taken for determination of the hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH） levels, myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity and collagen content. Production of reactive oxidants was monitored by chemiluminescence （CL） assay. Serum AST, ALT, LDH, and TNF-α levels were elevated in the BDL group as compared to control group and were significantly decreased by EGb treatment. RESULTS： Hepatic GSH level, depressed by BDL, was elevated back to control level in EGb-treated BDL group. Increase in tissue MDA level, MPO activity and collagen content due to BDL were also attenuated by EGb treatment. Furthermore, luminol and lucigenin CL values in BDL group increased dramatically compared to control and reduced by EGb treatment. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that Ginkgo biloba protects the liver from oxidative damage following BDL in rats. This effect possibly involves the inhibition of neutrophil infiltration and lipid peroxidation; thus, restoration of oxidant and antioxidant status in the tissue.展开更多
‘Jinxiu' is a processing apricot(Armeniaca vulgaris L.) cultivar derived from the cross of ‘Chuanzhihong'בJintaiyang'.The fruit is oval-shaped with the ground color of orange and 1/4-1/2 sheet red...‘Jinxiu' is a processing apricot(Armeniaca vulgaris L.) cultivar derived from the cross of ‘Chuanzhihong'בJintaiyang'.The fruit is oval-shaped with the ground color of orange and 1/4-1/2 sheet red in the surface. The average fruit weight is65.5 g, and the maximum value is 106 g. The flesh is orange, fine with very less fiber, toughness, less juice and freestone, and tastes sour and sweet. The soluble solid content is 12.5%. The edible rate is 95.8%. The fruit skin hardness is 12.9 kg/cm2 and storable. The preserved apricots have orange color and are tasty. The preserved yield is 40%. The fruit development period is 72 d. The fruit has high yield, and the fruit yield in full fruit period can reach 37 000 kg/hm2. ‘Jinxiu' was examined and approved by Hebei Examination and Approval Committee of Forest Tree Variety in 2013.展开更多
A field experiment was conducted using Ceranock bait station, ＂attract and kill＂ system to combat Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, in apricot orchards, Central of lraq during the 2013 field season. Contr...A field experiment was conducted using Ceranock bait station, ＂attract and kill＂ system to combat Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, in apricot orchards, Central of lraq during the 2013 field season. Control program was implemented in three orchards of mixed apricot varieties. Ceranock traps were hung in each tree of two separate orchards. Delta and McPhail traps were used to monitor Medfly population density in each treated and control orchards. Results indicated that Medfly activity in apricot orchards started during the last week of April coincided with the beginning of maturity for fruits of early varieties. The total of trapped insects in monitoring traps after one week of Ceranock application were 0, 1 and 31 adults for the 1st, 2nd and the control orchards, respectively. Three weeks later and on, the number of trapped adults started to increase dramatically. At the end of apricot season and after 45 days of Ceranock trap application, the number of trapped insects in monitoring traps reached 110, 111 and 2,349 adults/week, respectively, for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orchard. The use of Ceranock traps reduced Medfly population density by 86%-97%. The percentage of fruit injuries in early maturing varieties were 0.75%, 1% and 34% for the 1st, 2nd and control orchards, respectively. While, late varieties were 2% and 3% for 1st and 2nd orchards, and 69% for the control. The percentage of reduction in fruit damages reached to 95% and 97%, respectively in the 1st and 2nd orchard. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the efficacy of Ceranock bait station, ＂attract and kill＂ system as a control measure for Medfly in apricot orchards.展开更多
文摘The flowering biology and fruit development characteristics of a Xinjiang apricot （Armeniaca vulgaris Lam） cultivar Kezilang were studied by measuring its flowering phenology, floral organ development, stigma receptivity, pollen quantity, pollen viability, fruit diameter, fruit fresh weight, fruit dry weight and fruit contents, with an attempt to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and promotion of Kezilang. The results showed that Kezilang can be popularized as an early-maturing apricot cultivar, as it had high fruit setting rate, large fruit weight, excellent taste, high sugar content and lower titratable acid content in fruit. The dynamic curves of Kezilang fruit diameters in three directions, fruit fresh weight and fruit dry weight were all S-shaped, and the rapid growth stage of dry weight was later than that of other terms. Fruit swelling was due to higher water content of flesh tissue in early stage of the rapid growth periods of fruit. Most sugar in flesh was accumulated at the second rapid growth period of fruit.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program in the"12thFive-Year Plan"of China(2013BAD02B03-3-3)the Subtopic of Agricultural Seeds Engineering Projects of Shandong Province"Breeding of New Species of Stone Fruits and Berries"~~
文摘To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different media on its pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum media for pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes were 10% sucrose ＋0.1% boric acid and 5% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid respectively. The self-pollination setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was 4.70%, indicating that ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was self-incompatible. The reasons for the self-incompatibility of ‘Kuijin＇ were explored according to its pollen weight and pollen quantity. The results showed that self-pollinate setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was closely related to the length of pollen tubes,but it had no direct correlation with pollen quantity.
文摘AIM： To assess the antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of long-term Ginkgo biloba administration on liver fibrosis induced by biliary obstruction in rats. METHODS： Liver fibrosis was induced in male Wistar albino rats by bile duct ligation and scission （BDL）. Ginkgo biloba extract （EGb 761, 50 mg/kg.per d） or saline was administered for 28 d. At the end of the treatment period, all rats were killed. Serum aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） levels were determined to assess liver functions and tissue damage, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） was also assayed in serum samples. Liver tissues were taken for determination of the hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH） levels, myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity and collagen content. Production of reactive oxidants was monitored by chemiluminescence （CL） assay. Serum AST, ALT, LDH, and TNF-α levels were elevated in the BDL group as compared to control group and were significantly decreased by EGb treatment. RESULTS： Hepatic GSH level, depressed by BDL, was elevated back to control level in EGb-treated BDL group. Increase in tissue MDA level, MPO activity and collagen content due to BDL were also attenuated by EGb treatment. Furthermore, luminol and lucigenin CL values in BDL group increased dramatically compared to control and reduced by EGb treatment. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that Ginkgo biloba protects the liver from oxidative damage following BDL in rats. This effect possibly involves the inhibition of neutrophil infiltration and lipid peroxidation; thus, restoration of oxidant and antioxidant status in the tissue.
基金Supported by Technology Research and Development Plan of the Department of Science and Technology in Hebei Province(11220104D-4)
文摘‘Jinxiu' is a processing apricot(Armeniaca vulgaris L.) cultivar derived from the cross of ‘Chuanzhihong'בJintaiyang'.The fruit is oval-shaped with the ground color of orange and 1/4-1/2 sheet red in the surface. The average fruit weight is65.5 g, and the maximum value is 106 g. The flesh is orange, fine with very less fiber, toughness, less juice and freestone, and tastes sour and sweet. The soluble solid content is 12.5%. The edible rate is 95.8%. The fruit skin hardness is 12.9 kg/cm2 and storable. The preserved apricots have orange color and are tasty. The preserved yield is 40%. The fruit development period is 72 d. The fruit has high yield, and the fruit yield in full fruit period can reach 37 000 kg/hm2. ‘Jinxiu' was examined and approved by Hebei Examination and Approval Committee of Forest Tree Variety in 2013.
文摘A field experiment was conducted using Ceranock bait station, ＂attract and kill＂ system to combat Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, in apricot orchards, Central of lraq during the 2013 field season. Control program was implemented in three orchards of mixed apricot varieties. Ceranock traps were hung in each tree of two separate orchards. Delta and McPhail traps were used to monitor Medfly population density in each treated and control orchards. Results indicated that Medfly activity in apricot orchards started during the last week of April coincided with the beginning of maturity for fruits of early varieties. The total of trapped insects in monitoring traps after one week of Ceranock application were 0, 1 and 31 adults for the 1st, 2nd and the control orchards, respectively. Three weeks later and on, the number of trapped adults started to increase dramatically. At the end of apricot season and after 45 days of Ceranock trap application, the number of trapped insects in monitoring traps reached 110, 111 and 2,349 adults/week, respectively, for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orchard. The use of Ceranock traps reduced Medfly population density by 86%-97%. The percentage of fruit injuries in early maturing varieties were 0.75%, 1% and 34% for the 1st, 2nd and control orchards, respectively. While, late varieties were 2% and 3% for 1st and 2nd orchards, and 69% for the control. The percentage of reduction in fruit damages reached to 95% and 97%, respectively in the 1st and 2nd orchard. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the efficacy of Ceranock bait station, ＂attract and kill＂ system as a control measure for Medfly in apricot orchards.
