多胺及其合成抑制剂对干旱胁迫下杏苗生理指标的影响

【目的】探讨喷施多胺及其合成抑制剂甲基乙二醛双脒基腙(MGBG)对干旱胁迫杏苗生理指标的影响,为杏抗旱栽培提供参考依据。【方法】以金太阳杏1年生嫁接苗为试材,设处理1(对照,CK)、处理2[干旱(Drought,D.)胁迫]、处理3[(CK十亚精胺(Spermidine,Spd)]、处理4(D.+Spd)、处理5(D.+MGBG)和处理6(D.+MGBG+Spd)共6个处理,每2 d处理1次,处理30 d后分别测定并分析各处理叶片丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、叶绿素总含量及光合参数。【结果】干旱胁迫下,杏苗叶片MDA、可溶性糖和Pro含量增加,叶绿素总含量和光合参数均降低;喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd的杏苗叶片MDA含量、可溶性糖含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数提高;在干旱胁迫下喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd可使杏苗的MDA含量、可溶性糖含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数显著提高(P<0.05);在干旱胁迫下喷施1.0 mmol/L MGBG可促进杏苗叶片MDA含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数降低。【结论】喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd可增强金太阳杏苗对干旱胁迫环境的适应能力,可在杏规模化栽培中应用。

多胺对干旱胁迫下杏苗三个酶活性指标的影响

以"金太阳"杏盆栽幼苗为试材,设置6个处理(CK、干旱(Dr.)、CK+亚精胺(Spd)、Dr.+Spd、Dr.+甲基乙二醛双脒基腙(MGBG)、Dr.+MGBG+Spd),随机区组排列,通过喷布1 mmol·L-1Spd和1 mmol·L-1MGBG,研究了多胺及其抑制剂对干旱胁迫下杏苗3个酶活性指标的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫下喷施1 mmol·L-1Spd,可显著提高杏苗超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。一定浓度的多胺可调节干旱胁迫下杏苗SOD、POD和CAT的活性,增强杏对干旱不良环境条件的适应能力。

Seed germination and seedling development of Prunus armeniaca under different burial depths in soil

A semi-greenhouse study was conducted to understand the effects of soil burial depth on seed germination and seedling development. The seeds of wild apricot （Prunus armeniaca） were buried at the soil depths of 0-cm, 4-cm, 8-cm, and 12-cm, respectively, to simulate the seed hoarding behavior of rodents in the field. The results revealed that the rates of seed germination and established seedlings from buried seeds were both the highest in 4-cm burial depth group, and then decreased with increasing soil depth. The number of rotten seeds increased in deeper burial depth. It is unfavourable for seed germination at 0-cm burial depth （i.e., seeds were laid on soil surface）. There was insignificant effect of burial depth on growth of established seedlings. The results from this study indicated that proper burial depth in soil would be helpful for the seed germination and seedling growth. The seedlings derived from buried seeds at shallower depth （4 cm） in this research have advantage in their early development.

Preparation of Rice Seedling-raising Substrate with Spent Mushroom Substrate of Pleurotus eryngii

This study aimed to explore the effect of fermented spent mushroom substrate(SMS) of Pleurotus eryngii as a basic material on rice seedling-raising substrate. The physical and chemical indices of the SMS indicated that the fermented SMS was fully composted and was very suitable for preparing rice seedling-raising substrate. The fermented SMS effectively regulated the bulk density, total porosity, aeration porosity and water-holding porosity of rice seedling-raising substrate. With the increased addition amount of fermented SMS, the bulk density of rice seedling-raising substrate was decreased, but the total porosity, aeration porosity and water-holding porosity were increased. Compared with those in the substrates of 100% soil and 100% SMS,the height, chlorophyll content, 100-shoot dry weight, 100-root dry weight, root activity, nitrogen content, phosphorus content and potassium content of rice seedlings in the substrate composed of spent mushroom substrate of P. eryngii and soil were higher.The quality of rice seedlings in the substrate composed of 20% soil and 80% SMS was best, followed by that in the substrate composed of 30% soil and 70% SMS.