杏果树激振收获能量传递的初步研究

为解决杏果实机械振动式采收的问题,根据新疆实地果品采收要求,介绍了激振式收获过程能量传递试验的基本原理,并通过在果树不同位置外加激振力进行振动试验,利用应变数据采集系统进行数据采集输出,借助高速摄像对果树振动过程进行实时图像捕捉记录。通过对采集应变数据及图像进行运动分析处理可知:在振动式采收过程中,能量传递与夹持位置有关。当选取树枝上激振点距夹持点的最佳位置为27.5mm时,树枝上达到共振频率,获得的能量最大;能量在树枝传递的过程中存在能量的损失;分支与主枝干夹角越小,获得的能量越大,越有利于果实振动脱落。该研究可以为水果机械振动式的进一步研究提供理论基础和技术指导。

气候变化对我国亚热带地区柑桔生态环境影响的研究

分析了柑桔的品质和产量与气候因子的关系，确定负积温（日最低气温＜０℃）∝≤－９０℃和极端最低气温≤－８℃为柑桔严重减产的低温指标；７～８月份平均降水量＜２０Ｏｍｍ是引起柑桔大量落果和影响果实膨大的水分条件。提出柑桔严重冻害周期在长江流域地区间差异大，预测到本世纪末，长江中、下游平原柑桔存在严重冻害；干旱和严重干旱在长江中、下游地区出现频率１２％～４５％以上。因此，避冻、抗冻、抗旱是本区柑桔生态环境中一个长期战略问题．

杂柑引种试验小结

杂柑引种试验小结张百寿，刘春荣（浙江省衡州市柑桔研究所３２４０００）杂柑类的大部分品种，因晚熟耐贮运，能供应春夏柑桔谈季市场，具有较高的经济效益，因此适当发展杂柑良种，对调整目前中熟品种过多的柑桔品种结构现状，具有较重要的意义。在衢州市科委的支持下，...

The Role of Cellulase and Pectinase in Apricot Canker Caused by Hendersonula toruloidea and Phiaoacremonium aleophillium

Significant increasing in cellulase and pectinase activity were observed in response to infection with Hendersonula toruloidea and Phiaoacremonium aleophillium in apricot trees comparing with uninfected trees. Pectinase highest activity was recorded at the first week after inoculation with H. toruloidea （1.76 unit/g f.w.）, while cellulase highest activity was recorded after two weeks of inoculation with P. aleophillium （6.49 unit/g f.w.）. Peroxidase and polypolyphenol oxidase activity were significantly increased after inoculation with H. toruloidea and P. aleophillium, Peroxidase highest activity was recorded after 48 h of inoculation with H. toruloidea （1.77 unit/g f.w.）, while polypolyphenol oxidase highest activity was recorded after two weeks of inoculation with P. aleophillium （3.33 unit/g f.w.）. The result also showed that total phenol contents was significantly increased as a result to inoculation with H. toruloidea and P. aleophillium, highest total phenol contents was recorded after 48 h of inoculation with H. toruloidea （ 1.61 mg/g f.w. ）.