[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of different plant growth regulators on apricot pollen germination and pollen tube growth. [Method] Pollens of six kinds of Xinjiang apricots were cultured in ...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of different plant growth regulators on apricot pollen germination and pollen tube growth. [Method] Pollens of six kinds of Xinjiang apricots were cultured in solid media supplemented with five plant growth regulators （GA3 , NAA, 2, 4-D, 6-BA, IAA）. Then the rate of pollen germination and the length of pollen tube were respectively measured. [Result] In a certain concentration range, GA3 most significantly promoted the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth of Shushanggan, Kalayulvke, Dayoujia, Yiliakeyulvke and Kabakehuanna; NNA had the strongest improvement function on Kumaiti’s pollen germination and pollen tube growth. [Conclusion] All the five plant growth regulators promoted the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth of apricots at low concentration but inhibited them at high concentration.展开更多
To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different me...To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different media on its pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum media for pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes were 10% sucrose ＋0.1% boric acid and 5% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid respectively. The self-pollination setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was 4.70%, indicating that ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was self-incompatible. The reasons for the self-incompatibility of ‘Kuijin＇ were explored according to its pollen weight and pollen quantity. The results showed that self-pollinate setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was closely related to the length of pollen tubes,but it had no direct correlation with pollen quantity.展开更多
[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] ...[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] Taking three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca as the research object, the phenophase of blooming,morphology characteristics of floral organs and development characteristics of floral organs were observed, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] The results showed that three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca were in blossom in early April, the florescence were relatively late for 8-12 d comparing with the varieties of apricot, the florescence were relatively similar to the P. domestica L. Morphology characteristics of floral organs of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca had few differences, were relatively similar to two varieties of plum, and they all had high percent of middle-style and long-style flower.The pollen amount of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca had a little differences comparing with two varieties of plum, but were lower than three varieties of apricot. There were some differences in pollen viability, the germination percentage of pollen of ‘Konglongdan＇ was relatively high, was 51.6%; The pollen amount of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇ was relatively high, was 880.8 per anther; ‘Weidi＇ had fewer pollen amount, and the pollen viability was just 2.1%; Three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca all had strong stigma receptivity on the bloom day, and the stigma receptivity continued exist until the day that 5 days after blooming. [Conclusion] The florescence of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca were relatively concentrated, and the rate of pistil abortion was lowest, the variation intensity of stigma receptivity and sustainable time of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca almost had a little differences comparing with a variety of plum, but slightly more than three varieties of apricot.展开更多
[Objective] The primary aims of this study were to understand the characteristic of floralorgan development in ‘Dongxing＇, and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties. [Method] Floral organ morphology, ...[Objective] The primary aims of this study were to understand the characteristic of floralorgan development in ‘Dongxing＇, and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties. [Method] Floral organ morphology, pollen quantity, pollen viability and stigma receptivityof ‘Dongxing＇ and other apricot varieties were observed and measured. [Result] The ratio between the medium style and long style of‘Dongxing＇ was 82.4%, and the ratio of pistillode was lower than that in the other apricot varieties. Its pollen quantity was 32 183.2 grains per flower, and was fewer than the others. The pollen germination of ‘Dongxing＇ in optimum medium（1% agar ＋15% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid） was 53.0%, i.e. its pollen viability was low. The pollen viability increased at first and then decreased following the period of the bud stage to flowering stage, and pollen viability reached maximum value at the 1st d after flowering. Meanwhile the stored pollen viability continuously decreased with the extension of storage time, and pollen viability of the both vivo or vitro stored was decreased to the half of the maximum value at the 3rdd after flowering or storage.The stigma receptivity of ‘ongxing＇ enhanced at first then weakened, maximum stigma receptivity was found at the period of 2 h to 4 h after flowering. The optimum time for artificial pollination was 1 h to 8 h after flowering and it was shorter than the other apricot varieties was. [Conclusion] The ratio between the medium style and long style of ‘Dongxing＇ was higher than the other apricot varieties, while the pollen viability of ‘Dongxing＇ on the contrary. Its pollen viability reached maximum value at the 1st d after flowering and the optimum time for artificial pollination was1 h to 8h after flowering.展开更多
To improve fruit set in ＂Carmel＂ almond （Prunus dulcis） trees grown in the 6th region of Chile, seven different growth regulators （GRs） were sprayed onto flowering branches： gibberellic acid （GA3）, Promalin, ...To improve fruit set in ＂Carmel＂ almond （Prunus dulcis） trees grown in the 6th region of Chile, seven different growth regulators （GRs） were sprayed onto flowering branches： gibberellic acid （GA3）, Promalin, naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA）, Thidiazuron, Kinetin, Point-tomatomone and Brassinolide. The percentage of fruit set was determined by comparing the initial number of flowers present on each treated branch with the total number of almonds on the branches 50 days after anthesis. In comparison to the controls, Brassinolide, Point-tomatomone and Promalin achieved increases in fruit set of 19.4%, 14.5% and 12.9%, respectively. A parallel experiment was done in vitro, on the effects of these GRs on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The greatest pollen germination （4 hours at 20 ~C） occurred with Brassinolide and GA3, which were significantly higher than the control, while NAA and Promalin significantly reduced germination. For pollen tube growth （24 hours at 20 ~C）, the greatest lengths were observed with Point-tomatomone and Brassinolide, which were significantly longer than the control, while NAA, Thidiazuron and Promalin were significantly shorter than the control, and the least growth was observed with Kinetin.展开更多
The almond （Prunus dulcis） is a self-incompatible species that requires various orchard management techniques to encourage pollination and achieve a good fruit set. Fungicides are commonly applied to almond flowers ...The almond （Prunus dulcis） is a self-incompatible species that requires various orchard management techniques to encourage pollination and achieve a good fruit set. Fungicides are commonly applied to almond flowers to control fungaI infections, such as ＂blossom blight＂ and ＇brown rot＂ that damage the flowers and developing fruits. However there is evidence that the application of some of these products may adversely affect pollination and fruit set. The effects of the fungicides captan, chlorothalonyl, propiconazole, mancozeb and dichloran on fruit set were studied in an orchard using ＂Nonpareil＂ and ＂Carmel＂ almond trees. The effects on in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube elongation were studied using ＂Carmel＂ pollen. With respect to Non Pareil fruit set, all fungicidal treatments were statistically similar to the control （11.5%） but being propiconazole （13.1%） and chlorotalonil （5.6%） different between them. Fruit set for ＂Carmel＂ was significantly lower than the control （26.1%） with all fungicidal treatments. After 24 hours, in vitro ＂Carmel＂ pollen germination was significantly higher in the control （90.5%） compared with the fungicidal treatments, with the exception of chlorothalonyl （70.2%）. Pollen tube growth in the control was four times greater than in the fungicide treatments at 24 hours, none of which were significantly different from the other treatments. It can be concluded that the application of certain fungicides has a clearly detrimental effect on fruit set in ＂Nonpareil＂ and ＂Carmel＂ almond trees and on ＂Carmel＂ pollen activity.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Technology Integration and Demonstration of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruit Trees'High Efficiency and Safe Production,Science and Technical Plan Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(201130102)Key Technology Integration and Demonstration of Xinjiang Apricot Industrial Development,Science and Technical Plan Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(200931101)Financial Support from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fruit Trees Key Subject~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of different plant growth regulators on apricot pollen germination and pollen tube growth. [Method] Pollens of six kinds of Xinjiang apricots were cultured in solid media supplemented with five plant growth regulators （GA3 , NAA, 2, 4-D, 6-BA, IAA）. Then the rate of pollen germination and the length of pollen tube were respectively measured. [Result] In a certain concentration range, GA3 most significantly promoted the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth of Shushanggan, Kalayulvke, Dayoujia, Yiliakeyulvke and Kabakehuanna; NNA had the strongest improvement function on Kumaiti’s pollen germination and pollen tube growth. [Conclusion] All the five plant growth regulators promoted the pollen germination and the pollen tube growth of apricots at low concentration but inhibited them at high concentration.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program in the"12thFive-Year Plan"of China(2013BAD02B03-3-3)the Subtopic of Agricultural Seeds Engineering Projects of Shandong Province"Breeding of New Species of Stone Fruits and Berries"~~
文摘To research the self-sterility of apricot, the pollen germination of ‘Kuijin＇apricot was conducted in vitro, and pollen viability was determined by germination on solid medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different media on its pollen germination and the growth of pollen tubes were analyzed. The results showed that the optimum media for pollen germination and growth of pollen tubes were 10% sucrose ＋0.1% boric acid and 5% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid respectively. The self-pollination setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was 4.70%, indicating that ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was self-incompatible. The reasons for the self-incompatibility of ‘Kuijin＇ were explored according to its pollen weight and pollen quantity. The results showed that self-pollinate setting rate of ‘Kuijin＇ apricot was closely related to the length of pollen tubes,but it had no direct correlation with pollen quantity.
基金Supported by Highly-qualified and Highly-efficient Cultivation Technology Demonstration adn Promotion of Apricot and Plum~~
文摘[Objective] The aims of this study were to understand the flowering biological characteristics of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties and plum varieties. [Method] Taking three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca as the research object, the phenophase of blooming,morphology characteristics of floral organs and development characteristics of floral organs were observed, pollen amount, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured. [Result] The results showed that three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca were in blossom in early April, the florescence were relatively late for 8-12 d comparing with the varieties of apricot, the florescence were relatively similar to the P. domestica L. Morphology characteristics of floral organs of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca had few differences, were relatively similar to two varieties of plum, and they all had high percent of middle-style and long-style flower.The pollen amount of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca had a little differences comparing with two varieties of plum, but were lower than three varieties of apricot. There were some differences in pollen viability, the germination percentage of pollen of ‘Konglongdan＇ was relatively high, was 51.6%; The pollen amount of ‘Fengweihuanghou＇ was relatively high, was 880.8 per anther; ‘Weidi＇ had fewer pollen amount, and the pollen viability was just 2.1%; Three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca all had strong stigma receptivity on the bloom day, and the stigma receptivity continued exist until the day that 5 days after blooming. [Conclusion] The florescence of three varieties of Prunus domestica ×armeniaca were relatively concentrated, and the rate of pistil abortion was lowest, the variation intensity of stigma receptivity and sustainable time of three varieties of Prunus domestica×armeniaca almost had a little differences comparing with a variety of plum, but slightly more than three varieties of apricot.
基金Supported by Xinjiang Uygur Nationality Autonomous Region Science and Technology Project(201130102-1)Xinjiang Uygur Nationality Autonomous Region Key Subjects of Pomology~~
文摘[Objective] The primary aims of this study were to understand the characteristic of floralorgan development in ‘Dongxing＇, and analyze its differences with other apricot varieties. [Method] Floral organ morphology, pollen quantity, pollen viability and stigma receptivityof ‘Dongxing＇ and other apricot varieties were observed and measured. [Result] The ratio between the medium style and long style of‘Dongxing＇ was 82.4%, and the ratio of pistillode was lower than that in the other apricot varieties. Its pollen quantity was 32 183.2 grains per flower, and was fewer than the others. The pollen germination of ‘Dongxing＇ in optimum medium（1% agar ＋15% sucrose ＋ 0.01% boric acid） was 53.0%, i.e. its pollen viability was low. The pollen viability increased at first and then decreased following the period of the bud stage to flowering stage, and pollen viability reached maximum value at the 1st d after flowering. Meanwhile the stored pollen viability continuously decreased with the extension of storage time, and pollen viability of the both vivo or vitro stored was decreased to the half of the maximum value at the 3rdd after flowering or storage.The stigma receptivity of ‘ongxing＇ enhanced at first then weakened, maximum stigma receptivity was found at the period of 2 h to 4 h after flowering. The optimum time for artificial pollination was 1 h to 8 h after flowering and it was shorter than the other apricot varieties was. [Conclusion] The ratio between the medium style and long style of ‘Dongxing＇ was higher than the other apricot varieties, while the pollen viability of ‘Dongxing＇ on the contrary. Its pollen viability reached maximum value at the 1st d after flowering and the optimum time for artificial pollination was1 h to 8h after flowering.
文摘To improve fruit set in ＂Carmel＂ almond （Prunus dulcis） trees grown in the 6th region of Chile, seven different growth regulators （GRs） were sprayed onto flowering branches： gibberellic acid （GA3）, Promalin, naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA）, Thidiazuron, Kinetin, Point-tomatomone and Brassinolide. The percentage of fruit set was determined by comparing the initial number of flowers present on each treated branch with the total number of almonds on the branches 50 days after anthesis. In comparison to the controls, Brassinolide, Point-tomatomone and Promalin achieved increases in fruit set of 19.4%, 14.5% and 12.9%, respectively. A parallel experiment was done in vitro, on the effects of these GRs on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The greatest pollen germination （4 hours at 20 ~C） occurred with Brassinolide and GA3, which were significantly higher than the control, while NAA and Promalin significantly reduced germination. For pollen tube growth （24 hours at 20 ~C）, the greatest lengths were observed with Point-tomatomone and Brassinolide, which were significantly longer than the control, while NAA, Thidiazuron and Promalin were significantly shorter than the control, and the least growth was observed with Kinetin.
文摘The almond （Prunus dulcis） is a self-incompatible species that requires various orchard management techniques to encourage pollination and achieve a good fruit set. Fungicides are commonly applied to almond flowers to control fungaI infections, such as ＂blossom blight＂ and ＇brown rot＂ that damage the flowers and developing fruits. However there is evidence that the application of some of these products may adversely affect pollination and fruit set. The effects of the fungicides captan, chlorothalonyl, propiconazole, mancozeb and dichloran on fruit set were studied in an orchard using ＂Nonpareil＂ and ＂Carmel＂ almond trees. The effects on in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube elongation were studied using ＂Carmel＂ pollen. With respect to Non Pareil fruit set, all fungicidal treatments were statistically similar to the control （11.5%） but being propiconazole （13.1%） and chlorotalonil （5.6%） different between them. Fruit set for ＂Carmel＂ was significantly lower than the control （26.1%） with all fungicidal treatments. After 24 hours, in vitro ＂Carmel＂ pollen germination was significantly higher in the control （90.5%） compared with the fungicidal treatments, with the exception of chlorothalonyl （70.2%）. Pollen tube growth in the control was four times greater than in the fungicide treatments at 24 hours, none of which were significantly different from the other treatments. It can be concluded that the application of certain fungicides has a clearly detrimental effect on fruit set in ＂Nonpareil＂ and ＂Carmel＂ almond trees and on ＂Carmel＂ pollen activity.
