论农村扶贫效果指标构建与评价之基础——农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展内在统一性

扶贫模式效果评价指标体系在国内并未形成统一理论,文中梳理了发展观的演变与贫困概念的发展,根据农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展的内涵,探究农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展的关系,以期为扶贫工作提供理论基础。经研究得出结论:第一,扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展的目标具有内在统一性,都是为了农民的发展;第二,二者的基本原则具有内在统一性,都是为了提升可持续的发展能力;第三,二者在中心内容上具有内在统一性,即都围绕农业、农村和农民问题。正是由于农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展的此种统一性,要求农村扶贫工作者和研究者,以农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展的内在统一性作为理论基础,去构建扶贫效果评估指标、制定扶贫政策。

基于模糊层次分析法构建少数民族地区农村扶贫效果评价指标体系

贫困是实现个体和社会整体可持续发展的重要制约因素。在中国,绝大多数贫困人口居住在农村,尤其是老、少、边区农村,国家已投入大量财力、物力,帮助其实现全面的可持续发展,但因少数民族地区具有明显的地区性和民族性,其扶贫效果评价显得更加困难,于是在比较各种系统评价方法之特点后,选用模糊层次分析法,以农村扶贫效果与村庄可持续发展能力的内在统一性作为理论基础,构建了由1个目标层、5个准则层、14个子准则层和49个指标构成的指标体系。

Study on Spatial Strategies for Sustainable Development in Chinese Ethnic Minority Villages

The ethnic minority villages are mainly distributed in the areas far away from the central China. Although those villages are abundant with cultural landscape resources, they are economically underdeveloped. Taking the ethnic village space as the study subject, the article analyzes its ethnic, regional and marginal characteristics and proposes that villages should become the future livable space as the urbanization of ethnic areas instead of being squeezed and occupied in spatial pattern. In villages, the living space should implement protection first. Three strategies are put forward in the article, comprehensive, partial and genetic protection strategies. And the agricultural space should possess productive, ecological and aesthetic values instead of emphasizing production only.