The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH...The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH value, water loss rate, glycogen, lactic acid and 2-thiobarbituric acid （TBA） were studied. The results showed that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the pH value was decreased rapid- ly, the lactic acid content was increased significantly, while the glycogen and TBA contents were remained stable. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, storage time showed no significant effects on Duroc muscle pH value and glycogen, lactic acid and TBA contents. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, storage temperature had significant effects on pH value, while no significant effects on other indicators. The correlation analysis demonstrated that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the TBA content was negatively related to glycogen content （P〈0.05）, but positively related to lactic content （P〈0.05）; the pH value was negatively related to lactic acid content （P〈0.05）. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, the TBA content was negatively relat- ed to water loss rate （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）; the water loss rate was positively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, the TBA content was negatively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and positively related to water loss rate （P〈0.05）; the water loss rate was negatively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）.展开更多
Leaf morphological and stoichiometric characteristics are considered to represent both the interior inheritable characters in the plant and its adaptations to specific exterior environments. Rhododendron agglutinatum,...Leaf morphological and stoichiometric characteristics are considered to represent both the interior inheritable characters in the plant and its adaptations to specific exterior environments. Rhododendron agglutinatum,an evergreen alpine shrub species,occupies a wide range of habitats above timberline in the Miyaluo Natural Reserve,southwestern China. Along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 3700 to 4150 m,we measured leaf morphological characters including leaf dry matter content(LDMC),leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA),and one leaf area(OLA),as well as carbon(C) and nutrient(N,P) contents in leaves of three different age groups(juvenile leaves,mature leaves and senescent leaves). We also calculated the stoichiometric relationships among carbon and nutrients(C/N,C/P and N/P). Results showed thatboth age and altitude affected the leaf morphological and stoichiometric properties of R. agglutinatum. Mature leaves possessed the highest LDMC,LMA and C contents both on a dry mass basis and on a unit area basis. Younger leaves possessed higher contents of nutrients. OLA as well as ratios between carbon and nutrients(C/N,C/P) increased with ages. Juvenile leaves possessed lowest ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus. In juvenile leaves,nutrients increased with altitudinal elevation,whereas other traits decreased. In mature leaves,nutrients and their ratios with carbon showed consistent trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude,whereas LMA and carbon on a unit area basis showed opposite trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude. In senescent leaves,only content of phosphorus on a unit area basis and N/P were found linearly correlated with altitude. Our results demonstrated a clear pattern of nutrient distribution with aging process inleaves and indicated that a high possibility of N limitation in this region. We also concluded that younger leaves could be more sensitive to climate changes due to a greater altitudinal influence on the leaf traits in younger leaves than those in elder leaves.展开更多
基金Supported by Funds for Swine Innovation Team Construction of Shandong Provincial Modern Agriculture Industry Technology System(SDAIT-06-011-03)Fine Breeds Engineering Project of Shandong Province(2011LZ013-01)China Swine Industry Technology System(CARS-36)~~
文摘The changes and correlations of muscle pH, glycogen, lactic acid and in- tramuscular fat oxidation in Duroc pigs 10 d after their slaughter, and the effects of different storage temperature and time on Duroc muscle pH value, water loss rate, glycogen, lactic acid and 2-thiobarbituric acid （TBA） were studied. The results showed that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the pH value was decreased rapid- ly, the lactic acid content was increased significantly, while the glycogen and TBA contents were remained stable. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, storage time showed no significant effects on Duroc muscle pH value and glycogen, lactic acid and TBA contents. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, storage temperature had significant effects on pH value, while no significant effects on other indicators. The correlation analysis demonstrated that during the 10 h after the slaughter, the TBA content was negatively related to glycogen content （P〈0.05）, but positively related to lactic content （P〈0.05）; the pH value was negatively related to lactic acid content （P〈0.05）. At the storage temperature of 4 ℃, the TBA content was negatively relat- ed to water loss rate （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）; the water loss rate was positively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）. At the storage temperature of -20 ℃, the TBA content was negatively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and positively related to water loss rate （P〈0.05）; the water loss rate was negatively related to pH value （P〈0.01） and lactic acid content （P〈0.05）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41071039)National Key Research and Development Program (No.2016YFC0502100)
文摘Leaf morphological and stoichiometric characteristics are considered to represent both the interior inheritable characters in the plant and its adaptations to specific exterior environments. Rhododendron agglutinatum,an evergreen alpine shrub species,occupies a wide range of habitats above timberline in the Miyaluo Natural Reserve,southwestern China. Along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 3700 to 4150 m,we measured leaf morphological characters including leaf dry matter content(LDMC),leaf dry mass per unit area(LMA),and one leaf area(OLA),as well as carbon(C) and nutrient(N,P) contents in leaves of three different age groups(juvenile leaves,mature leaves and senescent leaves). We also calculated the stoichiometric relationships among carbon and nutrients(C/N,C/P and N/P). Results showed thatboth age and altitude affected the leaf morphological and stoichiometric properties of R. agglutinatum. Mature leaves possessed the highest LDMC,LMA and C contents both on a dry mass basis and on a unit area basis. Younger leaves possessed higher contents of nutrients. OLA as well as ratios between carbon and nutrients(C/N,C/P) increased with ages. Juvenile leaves possessed lowest ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus. In juvenile leaves,nutrients increased with altitudinal elevation,whereas other traits decreased. In mature leaves,nutrients and their ratios with carbon showed consistent trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude,whereas LMA and carbon on a unit area basis showed opposite trends with juvenile leaves along increasing altitude. In senescent leaves,only content of phosphorus on a unit area basis and N/P were found linearly correlated with altitude. Our results demonstrated a clear pattern of nutrient distribution with aging process inleaves and indicated that a high possibility of N limitation in this region. We also concluded that younger leaves could be more sensitive to climate changes due to a greater altitudinal influence on the leaf traits in younger leaves than those in elder leaves.
