处理条件效果的互斥延迟算法的研究

通过将带有条件效果的动作分解成元件,然后利用互斥延迟算法进行规划图的扩张,得到规划图.规划图生成后,从初始条件出发,利用一个前向的搜索过程进行搜索以求规划解.在搜索中,选择的不是单个的动作,而是独立集,这样可以明显地减小搜索空间,而且在搜索过程中,还利用了独立集之间的执行次序作为独立集选择的启发式,加快搜索过程.该算法大大地简化了搜索过程,提高了搜索效率.

一种基于动作条件互斥的处理动作条件效果的算法

在给出动作无条件互斥、动作半条件互斥和动作全条件互斥等概念的基础上,提出一种新的算法,在规划图的扩张阶段建立各种互斥关系,在规划解的搜索过程中利用这些互斥关系,判断是否需要进行条件冲突检测,从而加快了有效规划的搜索,提高了系统的效率.

基于条件效果的对象动态可变图规划

主要研究了基于条件效果的对象动态可变的规划问题.提出了相关元件、无关元件、创建/删除对象元件和普通元件等概念,把带有条件效果的动作和不带有条件效果的动作都元件化,并采用了对象命题化的思想.给出了新的基于目标驱动的规划图扩展算法和前向搜索有效规划算法,并给出了相应的后向传播互斥的定义,使得规划图的规模比较小,减少了搜索空间,大大提高了求解有效规划的效率.由于算法中的动作创建的效果是依赖于上下文的描述,这更加符合现实需要,使处理的问题更接近于真实的世界状态,因而此算法比以往的算法应用性更强,更具有现实意义.

CEFF——一种基于组件的条件效果处理方法

条件效果是智能规划处理更具解释性动作描述语言中最难解决的一种类型 .如何扩展当前已有的规划算法 ,使之具有处理包含条件效果的动作描述语言的能力成为了智能规划领域中的研究热点之一 .文章针对一个高效规划器FFv2 .3在条件效果处理中存在的不足做了一些改进 ,提出了一个新的条件效果处理方法CEFF .主要的改进措施有以下两点 :( 1)引入因子扩展法的思想将动作划分为组件 ,以提高对条件效果的处理效率 ;( 2 )在进行启发式估值的图扩展过程中增加对两元互斥关系的判断 ,以避免大部分dead end状态 .因此 ,CEFF的实用性较FFv2 .3要更广泛一些 .

竹炭对饮用水中氟离子的吸附条件研究

研究了竹炭对饮用水中氟离子的吸附能力以及pH值、投料量、吸附作用时间、再生方法、再生效果等因素对除氟效果的影响。结果发现,竹炭对氟具有较好的吸附效果,是较为理想的饮水除氟材料。

城市园林苗木栽植技术及其生长效果研究

城市园林苗木的栽植技术直接影响其生长效果和生态功能。本研究通过对不同苗木栽植方法、土壤条件及养护管理措施的比较,探讨了各因素对苗木生长的影响。实验选取了适应城市环境的常见树种,采用随机区组设计,分析其生长高度、胸径、叶面积等指标。结果表明,科学合理的栽植深度、适宜的土壤改良及定期的水肥管理显著提升了苗木的生长速率和成活率。此外,良好的栽植季节选择也增进了苗木的抗逆性。本研究结果为优化城市园林绿化提供了实证依据,促进了城市生态环境的可持续发展。

饲用微生态制剂丁酸梭菌的研究与应用进展

丁酸梭菌作为一种新型微生态制剂,具有耐热、耐酸及耐受多种抗生素等特点。在畜禽饲料中添加饲用丁酸梭菌制剂,对于减少当前饲料中抗生素产品的滥用、减少药物在肉品中的残留、降低动物细菌的耐药性和保障动物健康有着重要的意义。文章综述丁酸梭菌的生物学特性、生物学功效、丁酸梭菌制剂的培养与发酵生产工艺、饲用丁酸梭菌制剂的实际应用效果、存在问题及发展前景等几个方面的研究与应用进展。

SEQUENTIAL DISPERSING DISTRIBUTION EFFECT OF AERIAL CLUSTER BOMB

The sequential dispersing results of aerial cluster bomb are discussed. The ballistic model and the mod- el for impact point distribution of bullets are established. The main factors influencing impact point distribution are analyzed by numerical simulation. And the feasibility of improving distribution effect through sequential dis- persing is validated. Sequential dispersion and optimized airdrop parameters can help to achieve better battle effec- tiveness.

Quality of life and cost-effectiveness of combined therapy for reflux esophagitis

Objectiv e: To evaluate clinical,Quality of Life (QoL) and medical cost outcomes in pati ents with symptomatic reflux esophagitis (RE) receiving different ″triple c ombin ation therapy″ . Methods: A multicenter medical effectiveness trial conducte d in 10 hospitals of 5 regions in Zhejiang Province. 248 patient-volunteers were ass ig ned to 8 weeks of ″ triple combination therapy″ with Lansoprazole plus Cisapri de and Sucralfate or Ranitidine plus Cisapride and Sucralfate. Main outcomes asses sment included symptoms scale scores,RE severity,QoL at baseline and 8 weeks. Medical cost data were collected with cost analysis questionnaire. Results: (1)M ore Lansoprazole group patients noted RE symptoms resolution than Ranitidine gro up(92.3% vs 78.4%,P<0.01). There was no striking difference between two gro ups in RE healing rate (90.8% vs 82.9%, P>0.05). (2)RE significantly impaire d QoL of patients(P<0.001).Compared with Ranitidine group,QoL in Lansoprazole group had significant improvement (rate of ″good″ QoL 64.5% vs 45.6%,P<0.01). (3)T here w as close correlation between symptomic effectiveness and QoL rating scale in bot h the Lansoprazole and Ranitidine group(P<0.01,r=0.235 and 0.353 respec tively). There were no statistical difference of medical cost between the two groups ( P> 0.05). Conclusion: RE significantly impaired QoL of patients. ″Triple combinati o n therapies″ can significantly improve RE symptoms and QoL. Lansoprazole combin ation therapy was more cost-effective than Ranitidine combination group.

Selective aerobic oxidation of p-cresol with co-catalysts between metalloporphyrins and metal salts

A green and efficient method for the selective aerobic oxidation of p-cresol to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde catalyzed by co-catalysts between metalloporphyrins and metal salts was investigated and developed. The relationship between the synergistic catalytic effects and the composition as well as amount of co-catalysts was investigated. Moreover, the influence of different reaction conditions was studied in details. A high p-cresol conversion （〉99%） and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde selectivity （83%） were obtained using only 1.125 × 10- 5 mol T（p-CH3O）PPFe111Cl-Co（OAc）2 used under mild, optimized reaction conditions. A possible mechanism for the reaction was also proposed. This work would be meaningful and instructive for the further researches and applications of co-catalyst system on oxidation of cresols and could give some enlightenment on the selectively catalytic oxidation of the side-chain alkyls of aromatics.

Effect of Biofertilizer on Growth, Productivity, Quality and Economics of Rainfed Organic Ginger （Zingiber officinale Rosc.） Bhaisey cv. in North-Eastern Region of India

Ginger yields in the NorthEastern region of India are low because the extremely poor farmers of the region can not afford to apply any chemical fertilizers and hence apply only the locally-available farmyard manures to ginger fields. Biofertilizers may be a cheap source of fertilizers for ginger cultivation as they can increase nutrient availability and improve rhizome quality and are required in small quantity. An investigation was thus undertaken to study the effect of different biofenilizers on growth, productivity, quality and economics of organic ginger grown under rainfed condition in NorthEastern region of India. Seed treatment with biofertilizers enhanced growth, increased rhizome yield by 19.0% and resulted in 32.4% higher net profit over control. Among the seed treatments, Azotobacter 5.0 kg ha＂l, Azospirillum 3.75 kg hal and Phosphotica 3.75 kg ha-1 were found optimum in improving most of the growth attributes, increasing yield components and yield of rhizome by 5.6%-13.5%. They also improved rhizome quality by increasing specific gravity, oleoresin and dry matter content and by decreasing crude fibre in rhizome. They resulted in higher net return by 4.0%-12.0% as compared to their other levels. Combined use of Azotobacter 5.0 kg hal along with Phosphotica 3.75 kg ha＂l was found to be the best treatment combination which greatly improved growth and yield attributes of ginger and ultimately recorded markedly higher productivity （2.0%-23.5%） over other combinations. This treatment combination improved the quality of the produce and resulted in the highest gross return （$4,905 hal）, net return （$3,525 hal） and return per dollar （3.55） invested in ginger cultivation. It appears that growing organic ginger by treating the seed rhizome with Azotobacter 5.0 kg ha-~ along with Phosphotica 3.75 kg ha-1 can result in good growth and high productivity of improved quality rhizome and ultimately result in maximum net profit and thus can be recommended for the NorthEastern region of India.

Convective heat and mass transfer effects in three-dimensional flow of Maxwell fluid over a stretching surface with heat source

Heat and mass transfer effects in three-dimensional flow of Maxwell fluid over a stretching surface were addressed.Analysis was performed in the presence of internal heat generation/absorption. Concentration and thermal buoyancy effects were accounted. Convective boundary conditions for heat and mass transfer analysis were explored. Series solutions of the resulting problem were developed. Effects of mixed convection, internal heat generation/absorption parameter and Biot numbers on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration distributions were illustrated graphically. Numerical values of local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers were obtained and analyzed for all the physical parameters. It is found that both thermal and concentration boundary layer thicknesses are decreasing functions of stretching ratio. Variations of mixed convection parameter and concentration buoyancy parameter on the velocity profiles and associated boundary layer thicknesses are enhanced. Velocity profiles and temperature increase in the case of internal heat generation while they reduce for heat absorption. Heat transfer Biot number increases the thermal boundary layer thickness and temperature. Also concentration and its associated boundary layer are enhanced with an increase in mass transfer Biot number. The local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers have quite similar behaviors for increasing values of mixed convection parameter, concentration buoyancy parameter and Deborah number.

Study on Seepage Control in Complicated Hydrogeological Conditions on the Right Bank of JinPing-I Hydropower Station

With consideration of the special hydrogeological conditions and layout characteristics of the hydraulic structures, the seepage control measures of dam abutment and underground powerhouse on the right bank of JinPing-I hydropower station is drawn up. Based on the three dimensional finite element analysis of seepage control with dry area virtual flow constant mesh analysis method, the rationality of the seepage control measures of dam abutment and underground powerhouse has been verified and the key factors affecting the effect of seepage have been compared. In combination with the curtain of dam abutment, the curtain of underground powerhouse is reasonable. The results showed that the steel liner of penstock after the curtain is necessary.

Effects of different light conditions on repair of UV-B-induced damage in carpospores of Chondrus ocellatus Holm

We evaluated the effects of ultraviolet-B （UV-B） radiation and different light conditions on the repair of UV-B-induced damage in carpospores of Chondrus ocellatus Holm （Rhodophyta） in laboratory experiments. Carpospores were treated daily with different doses of UV-B radiation for 48 days, when vertical branches had formed in all treatments; after each daily treatment, the carpospores were subjected to photosynthetically active radiation （PAR）, darkness, red light, or blue light during a 2-h repair stage. Carpospore diameters were measured every 4 days. We measured the growth and cellular contents of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers （CPDs）, chlorophyll a, phycoerythrin, and UV-B-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids （MAAs） in carpospores on Day 48. Low doses of UV-B radiation （36 and 72 J/m2） accelerated the growth of C. ocellatus. However, as the amount of UV-B radiation increased, the growth rate decreased and morphological changes occurred. UV-B radiation significant damaged DNA and photosynthetic pigments and induced three kind of MAAs, palythine, asterina-330, and shinorine. PAR conditions were best for repairing UV-B-induced damage. Darkness promoted the activity of the DNA dark- repair mechanism. Red light enhanced phycoerythrin synthesis but inhibited light repair of DNA. Although blue light, increased the activity of DNA photolyase, greatly improving remediation efficiency, the growth and development of C. ocellatus earpospores were slower than in other light treatments.

Health risk of whole body vibration in mining trucks during various operational conditions

Mining machineries are generally exposed to intensive vibrations in harsh mining environment. If vibrations are beyond the tolerable limit, the machine and its operator health will be under the risk. In this work, the vibration of a mining truck at different operational conditions are simulated and discussed. To achieve this aim, three haul roads with low, medium and poor qualities are considered based on the ISO standard. Accordingly, the vibration of a mining truck in different speeds, payload and distribution qualities of materials in the dump body are evaluated in each haul road quality using Trucksim software. The simulation results with statistical discussions indicate that the truck speed and the materials distribution quality have significant effects on the root mean square(RMS) of vertical vibrations. However, the effect of the payload is not considerable on the RMS. Moreover, the accumulation of materials on the rear side of the truck dump body is efficient on the vibrational health risk.

A NONPARAMETRIC TEST AGAINST AN UMBRELLA ALTERNATIVE FOR STRATIFIED DATA

Trend test in dose-response has been a central problem in medicine. This paper treats the problem of comparing umbrella pattern treatment effects. Under an ordered m × r × k table, this article considers testing the hypothesis that all multinomial populations are conditional independence against the alternative that they are in an umbrella trend. For this hypothesis test problem, this article introduces a model-free test method by using likelihood ratio test statistic and gives the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic. Simulation study is conducted to compare the empirical power per- formed via the proposed method and others. Finally, two real data are studied to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.