The soil and water conservation practices of ecological restoration(ER),fish scale pit(FP),furrow and ridge tillage across the slope(FR),shrub strips(SS),and vegetation-covered ridge(VR)are characteristic of the Jixin...The soil and water conservation practices of ecological restoration(ER),fish scale pit(FP),furrow and ridge tillage across the slope(FR),shrub strips(SS),and vegetation-covered ridge(VR)are characteristic of the Jixing small watershed of the low mountain and hilly region of Jilin Province,Northeast China.This study aims to elucidate the effects of soil and water conservation practices on soil conditions after the short-term implementation of practices.Soil samples were collected from five soil and water conservation sites(ER,FP,FR,SS,and VR)and two controls(BL and CT)to investigate their properties.To evaluate the influence of soil and water conservation practices on soil quality,an integrated quantitative index,soil quality index(QI),was developed to compare the soil quality under the different soil and water conservation practices.The results show that not all soil and water conservation practices can improve the soil conditions and not all soil properties,especially soil organic carbon(SOC),can be recovered under soil and water conservation practice in short-term.Moreover,the QI in the five soil and water conservation practices and two controls was in the following order:ER>VR>BL>FR>CT>SS>FP.ER exhibited a higher soil quality value on a slope scale.In the low mountain and hilly region of Northeast China,ER is a better choice than the conversion of farmlands to planted grasslands and woodlands early in the soil and water conservation program.展开更多
A fixed point analysis approach is used to investigate the existence of mild solutions of second order semilinear impulsive delay integrodifferential equations with nonlocal conditions.Without imposing compactness con...A fixed point analysis approach is used to investigate the existence of mild solutions of second order semilinear impulsive delay integrodifferential equations with nonlocal conditions.Without imposing compactness condition on the cosine family of operators,we give some sufficient conditions for the existence of mild solutions of such system.Finally,an example is presented to illustrate the utility of the proposed result.The results improve some recent results.展开更多
In locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces,ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with set-valued maps are discussed.Firstly,ε-strongly efficient point of set is introduced.Secondly,under ...In locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces,ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with set-valued maps are discussed.Firstly,ε-strongly efficient point of set is introduced.Secondly,under the nearly cone-subconvexlike set-valued maps,the theorem of scalarization for vector optimization is obtained.Finally,optimality conditions of ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with generalized inequality constraints and equality constraints are obtained.展开更多
Hydrological processes in river basins of similar size and morphology may differ significantly due to different climatic conditions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of hydrological characteristics of two ri...Hydrological processes in river basins of similar size and morphology may differ significantly due to different climatic conditions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of hydrological characteristics of two river basins located in different climatic zones: the Wisok River Basin in the south-eastern Poland and the Chaohe River Basin in the northern China. The criteria of their choice were similarities in the basin area, main river length and topography. The results show that climate plays a key role in shaping fluvial conditions within the two basins. It is concluded that: 1) precipitation in the Wisok River Basin is more evenly distributed in the yearly cycle, while in the Chaohe River Basin it is highly concentrated in the few summer months; 2) spring snowmelt significantly contributes to runoff in the Wisok River Basin, while its role in the Chaohe River Basin is negligible; 3) in the Wisok River Basin, besides the peak flow in spring, there is also a period of high water in summer resulting from precipitation, while in the Chaohe River Basin there is only one high water period in summer; 4) the Wisok River Basin shows relatively higher stability in terms of the magnitude of intra- and inter-seasonal discharges; 5) during the multi-year observation period, a decrease in both precipitation and runoff was recorded in the two river basins.展开更多
Unconditionally secure signature is an important part of quantum cryptography. Usually, a signature scheme only provides an environment for a single signer. Nevertheless, in real applications, many signers may collabo...Unconditionally secure signature is an important part of quantum cryptography. Usually, a signature scheme only provides an environment for a single signer. Nevertheless, in real applications, many signers may collaboratively send a message to the verifier and convince the verifier that the message is actually transmitted by them. In this paper, we give a scalable arbitrated signature protocol of classical proved to be secure even with a compromised arbitrator. messages with multi-signers. Its security is analyzed and proved to be secure even with a compromised arbitrator.展开更多
Stimulated polariton scattering(SPS) based on noncollinear phase matching scheme from the A_1-symmetry modes of KNbO_3 crystal is investigated for generating terahertz(THz) wave. Frequency tuning characteristics of TH...Stimulated polariton scattering(SPS) based on noncollinear phase matching scheme from the A_1-symmetry modes of KNbO_3 crystal is investigated for generating terahertz(THz) wave. Frequency tuning characteristics of THz wave by varying the phase matching angle and pump wavelength are analyzed. The expression of the effective parametric gain length under the noncollinear phase matching condition is deduced. Parametric gain and absorption characteristics of THz wave in KNbO_3 are theoretically simulated. The characteristics of KNbO_3 for parametric oscillator(TPO) are compared with those of Mg O:LiNbO_3. The analysis results indicate that KNbO_3 is an excellent optical crystal for TPO to enhance the output of THz wave.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau(No.10501-1210)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31101606)+1 种基金Basic Scientific Research Operating Expenses of Jilin University(No.200903377)National Key Projects in National Science&Technology Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period of China(No.2011BAD16B10-3,2012BAD04B02-3)
文摘The soil and water conservation practices of ecological restoration(ER),fish scale pit(FP),furrow and ridge tillage across the slope(FR),shrub strips(SS),and vegetation-covered ridge(VR)are characteristic of the Jixing small watershed of the low mountain and hilly region of Jilin Province,Northeast China.This study aims to elucidate the effects of soil and water conservation practices on soil conditions after the short-term implementation of practices.Soil samples were collected from five soil and water conservation sites(ER,FP,FR,SS,and VR)and two controls(BL and CT)to investigate their properties.To evaluate the influence of soil and water conservation practices on soil quality,an integrated quantitative index,soil quality index(QI),was developed to compare the soil quality under the different soil and water conservation practices.The results show that not all soil and water conservation practices can improve the soil conditions and not all soil properties,especially soil organic carbon(SOC),can be recovered under soil and water conservation practice in short-term.Moreover,the QI in the five soil and water conservation practices and two controls was in the following order:ER>VR>BL>FR>CT>SS>FP.ER exhibited a higher soil quality value on a slope scale.In the low mountain and hilly region of Northeast China,ER is a better choice than the conversion of farmlands to planted grasslands and woodlands early in the soil and water conservation program.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10971139)
文摘A fixed point analysis approach is used to investigate the existence of mild solutions of second order semilinear impulsive delay integrodifferential equations with nonlocal conditions.Without imposing compactness condition on the cosine family of operators,we give some sufficient conditions for the existence of mild solutions of such system.Finally,an example is presented to illustrate the utility of the proposed result.The results improve some recent results.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China（10871216） Supported by the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC（2008BB0346, 2007BB0441） Supported by the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Chongqing Jiaotong University（EYT08-016） Acknowledgement The author would like to thank the anonymous referee for the valuable remarks that helped considerably to correct and to improve the presentation.
文摘In locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces,ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with set-valued maps are discussed.Firstly,ε-strongly efficient point of set is introduced.Secondly,under the nearly cone-subconvexlike set-valued maps,the theorem of scalarization for vector optimization is obtained.Finally,optimality conditions of ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with generalized inequality constraints and equality constraints are obtained.
基金Under the auspices of Fellowship for Young International Scientists of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2010Y12A10)
文摘Hydrological processes in river basins of similar size and morphology may differ significantly due to different climatic conditions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of hydrological characteristics of two river basins located in different climatic zones: the Wisok River Basin in the south-eastern Poland and the Chaohe River Basin in the northern China. The criteria of their choice were similarities in the basin area, main river length and topography. The results show that climate plays a key role in shaping fluvial conditions within the two basins. It is concluded that: 1) precipitation in the Wisok River Basin is more evenly distributed in the yearly cycle, while in the Chaohe River Basin it is highly concentrated in the few summer months; 2) spring snowmelt significantly contributes to runoff in the Wisok River Basin, while its role in the Chaohe River Basin is negligible; 3) in the Wisok River Basin, besides the peak flow in spring, there is also a period of high water in summer resulting from precipitation, while in the Chaohe River Basin there is only one high water period in summer; 4) the Wisok River Basin shows relatively higher stability in terms of the magnitude of intra- and inter-seasonal discharges; 5) during the multi-year observation period, a decrease in both precipitation and runoff was recorded in the two river basins.
基金Supported by the National High-Tech Research,Development Plan of China under Grant Nos.2006AA01Z440,2009AA012441,2009AA012437National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2007CB311100)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60873191 and 60821001Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant Nos.20091103120014,20090005110010Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos.1093015,1102004the Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education under Grant No.KM200810005004the ISN Open Foundation
文摘Unconditionally secure signature is an important part of quantum cryptography. Usually, a signature scheme only provides an environment for a single signer. Nevertheless, in real applications, many signers may collaboratively send a message to the verifier and convince the verifier that the message is actually transmitted by them. In this paper, we give a scalable arbitrated signature protocol of classical proved to be secure even with a compromised arbitrator. messages with multi-signers. Its security is analyzed and proved to be secure even with a compromised arbitrator.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61201101,61601183 and 61205003)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.162300410190)+2 种基金the Program for Innovative Talents(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.18HASTIT023)the Young Backbone Teachers in University of Henan Province(No.2014GGJS-065)the Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.16IRTSTHN017)
文摘Stimulated polariton scattering(SPS) based on noncollinear phase matching scheme from the A_1-symmetry modes of KNbO_3 crystal is investigated for generating terahertz(THz) wave. Frequency tuning characteristics of THz wave by varying the phase matching angle and pump wavelength are analyzed. The expression of the effective parametric gain length under the noncollinear phase matching condition is deduced. Parametric gain and absorption characteristics of THz wave in KNbO_3 are theoretically simulated. The characteristics of KNbO_3 for parametric oscillator(TPO) are compared with those of Mg O:LiNbO_3. The analysis results indicate that KNbO_3 is an excellent optical crystal for TPO to enhance the output of THz wave.
