This study aimed to obtain, by selection two lines of New Zealand white rabbits differing in total motor activity and to compare them for fertility, prolificacy, mortality and weight gains of young rabbits from birth ...This study aimed to obtain, by selection two lines of New Zealand white rabbits differing in total motor activity and to compare them for fertility, prolificacy, mortality and weight gains of young rabbits from birth until weaning. The emotional states of animals such as fear were analysed with the behavioural tests （open field, tonic immobility） and stress-induced hyperthermia （SIH）. These tests were the criterion for assigning animals to two experimental groups： group I, 10 males and 20 females with the highest total motor activity （A）; group II, 10 males and 20 females showing little or no motor activity （N）. Important differences were found in male and female fertility. During the first week, 80% of males mated in group I compared to only 20% in group II. Despite their normal breeding condition, passive males were timid and ponderous during mating, unlike active males which mated willingly and rapidly. Fertility was high in both groups （87.5% and 94.7% in group I and II）. Unlike females from group II, females from group I showed no tendency towards nest building. 40% of females from group I gave birth in different cage areas, while 90% of females from group II gave birth in nest boxes with down and straw bedding. No differences were found between the active and passive lines for body weight at birth or at 35 days of age.展开更多
Animals and humans share similar mechanisms of pain detection and similar brain areas involved in pain processing.Also,they show similar pain behaviors,such as reflexed sensation to nociceptive stimuli.Pain is often d...Animals and humans share similar mechanisms of pain detection and similar brain areas involved in pain processing.Also,they show similar pain behaviors,such as reflexed sensation to nociceptive stimuli.Pain is often described in sensory discrimination （algosity） and affective motivation （unpleasantness） dimensions.Both basic and clinical findings indicate that individuals with chronic pain usually suffer more from pain-associated affective disturbances than from the actual pain sensations per se.Although the neural systems responsible for the sensory component of pain have been studied extensively,the neural mechanisms underlying negative affective component are not well understood.This is partly due to the relative paucity of animal paradigms for reliable examination of each component of pain.In humans,the experience of pain and suffering can be reported by language,while in animals,pain can only be inferred through physical and behavioral reactions.Animal behaviors,cognitive psychology and functional brain imaging have made it possible to assess pain affection and pain memory in animals.Animals subjected to either neuropathic injury or inflammatory insult display significant conditioned place aversion to a pain-paired environment in behaviors.The present review aims to summarize the common methods of affective unpleasantness assessment in rats.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to obtain, by selection two lines of New Zealand white rabbits differing in total motor activity and to compare them for fertility, prolificacy, mortality and weight gains of young rabbits from birth until weaning. The emotional states of animals such as fear were analysed with the behavioural tests （open field, tonic immobility） and stress-induced hyperthermia （SIH）. These tests were the criterion for assigning animals to two experimental groups： group I, 10 males and 20 females with the highest total motor activity （A）; group II, 10 males and 20 females showing little or no motor activity （N）. Important differences were found in male and female fertility. During the first week, 80% of males mated in group I compared to only 20% in group II. Despite their normal breeding condition, passive males were timid and ponderous during mating, unlike active males which mated willingly and rapidly. Fertility was high in both groups （87.5% and 94.7% in group I and II）. Unlike females from group II, females from group I showed no tendency towards nest building. 40% of females from group I gave birth in different cage areas, while 90% of females from group II gave birth in nest boxes with down and straw bedding. No differences were found between the active and passive lines for body weight at birth or at 35 days of age.
基金supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30870830)
文摘Animals and humans share similar mechanisms of pain detection and similar brain areas involved in pain processing.Also,they show similar pain behaviors,such as reflexed sensation to nociceptive stimuli.Pain is often described in sensory discrimination （algosity） and affective motivation （unpleasantness） dimensions.Both basic and clinical findings indicate that individuals with chronic pain usually suffer more from pain-associated affective disturbances than from the actual pain sensations per se.Although the neural systems responsible for the sensory component of pain have been studied extensively,the neural mechanisms underlying negative affective component are not well understood.This is partly due to the relative paucity of animal paradigms for reliable examination of each component of pain.In humans,the experience of pain and suffering can be reported by language,while in animals,pain can only be inferred through physical and behavioral reactions.Animal behaviors,cognitive psychology and functional brain imaging have made it possible to assess pain affection and pain memory in animals.Animals subjected to either neuropathic injury or inflammatory insult display significant conditioned place aversion to a pain-paired environment in behaviors.The present review aims to summarize the common methods of affective unpleasantness assessment in rats.
