Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultura...Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.展开更多
Clay minerals of surface sediments in the South China Sea （SCS） are analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and their transport is explored with a grain size trend analysis （GSTA） model. Results show that clay mineral ty...Clay minerals of surface sediments in the South China Sea （SCS） are analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and their transport is explored with a grain size trend analysis （GSTA） model. Results show that clay mineral types in various sedimentary environments have different sediment sources and transport routes. Sediments in the northern SCS （north of 20°N） between the southwest of Taiwan Island and the outer mouth of the Pearl River have high contents of illite and chlorite, which are derived mainly from sediments on Taiwan Island and/or the Yangtze River. Sediments from the Pearl River are characterized by high kaolinite and low smectite content, and most are distributed in the area between the mouth of the Pearl River and northeast of Hainan Island and transported vertically from the continental shelf to the slope. Characterized by high illite content, sediments from Kalimantan Island are transported toward the Nansha Trough. Sediments from Luzon Island are related with volcanic materials, and are transported westwards according to smectite distribution. On the Sunda Shelf, sediments from the Mekong River are transported southeast in the north while sediments from the Indonesian islands are transported northward in the south. Ascertaining surface sediment sources and their transport routes will not only improve understanding of modem transportation and depositional processes, but also aid paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic analysis of the SCS.展开更多
This paper reviewed on the green highway definition and green highway terminology to improve knowledge and awareness of green highway for highway construction projects. Moreover, this paper discussed briefly on the ra...This paper reviewed on the green highway definition and green highway terminology to improve knowledge and awareness of green highway for highway construction projects. Moreover, this paper discussed briefly on the rating system for green highway by highlighting various eight rating systems for green highway. This study adopted the secondary data from previous research and findings on green highway construction from all over the world. With regard to published articles on green highways, the outcome of the paper will examine several major issues in green highway which are the definition of green highway, terminology used for green highway aspects, green highway initiatives and green highway rating systems from all over the world.展开更多
ON the meter gauge railway of Kuala Lumpur,capital of Malaysia,an electric multiple unit（EMU）runs at a speed of 160 km per hour.Compared with the speed of over 300 km per hour of high-speed trains,many would argue t...ON the meter gauge railway of Kuala Lumpur,capital of Malaysia,an electric multiple unit（EMU）runs at a speed of 160 km per hour.Compared with the speed of over 300 km per hour of high-speed trains,many would argue that this is not fast.展开更多
At the beginning of the 20th century, the technological developments influenced the harmony between nature and people that appeared in ancient times. Thus, the harmony between nature and people started to destroy. Bec...At the beginning of the 20th century, the technological developments influenced the harmony between nature and people that appeared in ancient times. Thus, the harmony between nature and people started to destroy. Because of these changes, people started to gain control over nature and use it for their own needs. Then, people started to face with the environmental problems, such as increasing the use of petroleum and petroleum products, fast production of chemical drugs and new model cars, and the using of new communication technologies. In addition, other environmental problems can be shown as the increasing of population and the atomic waste. That is why the natural sources： air, water, and earth, which are the reason of our lives, are polluted by people. So, what are the environmental problems？ And how can we save our environment？ Hence, this short paper will use Varosha and Girne （Kyrenia） as an example to discuss the concept of environmental ethics and the environmental problems. Also the paper will be instantiated by the visual and verbal texts, such as photos and written signs. In short, the main aim of the paper is to create awareness, show the environmental problems at North Cyprus, think about these problems, and at the end try to find the solutions. And even this paper will suggest that technology and science are not enough to solve the problems. That is why, with the technological and scientific developments, we need new discourses to educate society, academicians, teachers, and specially children and youth through philosophy and media. Consequently, （~iicen （2011） mentions Bookchins＇ ideas that only people have extraordinary consciousness to create ethical system and judge others. Thus, the paper will work on Environmental Ethics and Environmental problems in North Cyprus （KapahMara~/Varosha and Girne/Kyrenia） in four parts. The first part will talk about philosophy and nature; the second and third parts define the meanings of Ethic and Environmental Ethics; and the last part of the paper will talk about the environmental problems of Varosha and Kyrenia and finish the paper with suggestions.展开更多
According to the Energy Information Administration, average retail gasoline prices tend to typically be higher in certain states than in others. Aside from taxes, the factors shown to contribute to regional and even l...According to the Energy Information Administration, average retail gasoline prices tend to typically be higher in certain states than in others. Aside from taxes, the factors shown to contribute to regional and even local differences in gasoline prices include proximity of supply, supply disruptions, competition in the local market and environmental programs. Of interest in this paper is proximity of supply. It has been hypothesized that areas farthest from the Gulf Coast （the source of nearly half of the gasoline produced in the United States and, thus, a major supplier to the rest of the country） tend to have higher prices. To test this hypothesis, the paper assembles state level monthly retail gasoline data for the period 1983 to 2007 for five states with oil refineries （Alabama, Georgia, Texas, Mississippi and Louisiana） and five states without refineries （Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Florida）. The analysis employs dynamic correlation, regression, cointegration and vector autoregressive methods. Overall, the results show that retail gas prices in states with refineries and those without refineries tend to move in the same direction over time. The small differences observed over time may suggest that price shocks take a short time to be felt nationwide.展开更多
文摘Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40631007)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Nos. 2007CB819505, 2009CB219502)+3 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2006BAB19B03)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. SQ200713 and LYQY200704)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. MSGL08-16)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. MGE2008KG08)
文摘Clay minerals of surface sediments in the South China Sea （SCS） are analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and their transport is explored with a grain size trend analysis （GSTA） model. Results show that clay mineral types in various sedimentary environments have different sediment sources and transport routes. Sediments in the northern SCS （north of 20°N） between the southwest of Taiwan Island and the outer mouth of the Pearl River have high contents of illite and chlorite, which are derived mainly from sediments on Taiwan Island and/or the Yangtze River. Sediments from the Pearl River are characterized by high kaolinite and low smectite content, and most are distributed in the area between the mouth of the Pearl River and northeast of Hainan Island and transported vertically from the continental shelf to the slope. Characterized by high illite content, sediments from Kalimantan Island are transported toward the Nansha Trough. Sediments from Luzon Island are related with volcanic materials, and are transported westwards according to smectite distribution. On the Sunda Shelf, sediments from the Mekong River are transported southeast in the north while sediments from the Indonesian islands are transported northward in the south. Ascertaining surface sediment sources and their transport routes will not only improve understanding of modem transportation and depositional processes, but also aid paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic analysis of the SCS.
文摘This paper reviewed on the green highway definition and green highway terminology to improve knowledge and awareness of green highway for highway construction projects. Moreover, this paper discussed briefly on the rating system for green highway by highlighting various eight rating systems for green highway. This study adopted the secondary data from previous research and findings on green highway construction from all over the world. With regard to published articles on green highways, the outcome of the paper will examine several major issues in green highway which are the definition of green highway, terminology used for green highway aspects, green highway initiatives and green highway rating systems from all over the world.
文摘ON the meter gauge railway of Kuala Lumpur,capital of Malaysia,an electric multiple unit（EMU）runs at a speed of 160 km per hour.Compared with the speed of over 300 km per hour of high-speed trains,many would argue that this is not fast.
文摘At the beginning of the 20th century, the technological developments influenced the harmony between nature and people that appeared in ancient times. Thus, the harmony between nature and people started to destroy. Because of these changes, people started to gain control over nature and use it for their own needs. Then, people started to face with the environmental problems, such as increasing the use of petroleum and petroleum products, fast production of chemical drugs and new model cars, and the using of new communication technologies. In addition, other environmental problems can be shown as the increasing of population and the atomic waste. That is why the natural sources： air, water, and earth, which are the reason of our lives, are polluted by people. So, what are the environmental problems？ And how can we save our environment？ Hence, this short paper will use Varosha and Girne （Kyrenia） as an example to discuss the concept of environmental ethics and the environmental problems. Also the paper will be instantiated by the visual and verbal texts, such as photos and written signs. In short, the main aim of the paper is to create awareness, show the environmental problems at North Cyprus, think about these problems, and at the end try to find the solutions. And even this paper will suggest that technology and science are not enough to solve the problems. That is why, with the technological and scientific developments, we need new discourses to educate society, academicians, teachers, and specially children and youth through philosophy and media. Consequently, （~iicen （2011） mentions Bookchins＇ ideas that only people have extraordinary consciousness to create ethical system and judge others. Thus, the paper will work on Environmental Ethics and Environmental problems in North Cyprus （KapahMara~/Varosha and Girne/Kyrenia） in four parts. The first part will talk about philosophy and nature; the second and third parts define the meanings of Ethic and Environmental Ethics; and the last part of the paper will talk about the environmental problems of Varosha and Kyrenia and finish the paper with suggestions.
文摘According to the Energy Information Administration, average retail gasoline prices tend to typically be higher in certain states than in others. Aside from taxes, the factors shown to contribute to regional and even local differences in gasoline prices include proximity of supply, supply disruptions, competition in the local market and environmental programs. Of interest in this paper is proximity of supply. It has been hypothesized that areas farthest from the Gulf Coast （the source of nearly half of the gasoline produced in the United States and, thus, a major supplier to the rest of the country） tend to have higher prices. To test this hypothesis, the paper assembles state level monthly retail gasoline data for the period 1983 to 2007 for five states with oil refineries （Alabama, Georgia, Texas, Mississippi and Louisiana） and five states without refineries （Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Florida）. The analysis employs dynamic correlation, regression, cointegration and vector autoregressive methods. Overall, the results show that retail gas prices in states with refineries and those without refineries tend to move in the same direction over time. The small differences observed over time may suggest that price shocks take a short time to be felt nationwide.
