[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrient and water stress on the secretion of organic acids from roots of two-year-old Larix olgensis. [Method] Different nutrient and water stress conditions...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrient and water stress on the secretion of organic acids from roots of two-year-old Larix olgensis. [Method] Different nutrient and water stress conditions were designed to investi- gate the types and quantities of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. [Result] Under nutrient and water stress, the types of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis increased, which varied with different stress levels. In addition, nutrient and water stress also increased the secretory vol- ume of organic acids from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. The increment in total amount of organic acids reached the maximum under Level 1 （high stress）. Among different types of organic acids, the increment in secretory volume of citric acid reached the maximum, followed by malic acid, while oxalic acid presented relatively small increment. Furthermore, the increment in secretory volume of these three organic acids all reached the maximum under Level 1. [Conclusion] The proportion of the secretory volume of each organic acid accounting for the total amount of organic acids varied slightly, but the overall order was unchanged.展开更多
According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by th... According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……展开更多
Objective.To investigate the distribution frequency of parathyroid hormone(PTH)gene polymorphism in healthy adults from Bejing area and to explore the association of PTH genotypes with bone mineral density(BMD).Method...Objective.To investigate the distribution frequency of parathyroid hormone(PTH)gene polymorphism in healthy adults from Bejing area and to explore the association of PTH genotypes with bone mineral density(BMD).Methods.PTH gene polymorphism was detected in270subjects by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and PCR /restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR /RFLP).The digestion products of restriction enzyme Bst B1were separated on1%agarose gels.PTH genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequences analysis.BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA,DPX -L ,Lunar).Results.Genotype frequencies of BB,Bb,bb were73.7%,25.9%and0.4%respectively in Beijing adults(P<0.01),67.1%,32.2%and0.7%in postmenopausal women,which was different from Japanese wom-en.We statistically compared bone mineral density at the lumbar2-4and proximal femur between BB and Bb genotypes.No obvious association was found between the BMD and PTH genotypes in Beijing women(P>0.05).Conclusion.PTH gene polymorphism is not associated with BMD in Chinese women.The further research to explore the genetic risk factors of osteoporosis should be committed.展开更多
Objective. To study the whole body bone mineral changes in normal subjects.Methods. Bone mineral was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) in 292 normal subjectsaged 10～79 years, including 152 females and 140 ma...Objective. To study the whole body bone mineral changes in normal subjects.Methods. Bone mineral was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) in 292 normal subjectsaged 10～79 years, including 152 females and 140 males. They were divided into age-groups by decade.Results. In males, the ages with peak value of total bone mineral content (TBMC), total bone min-eral density (TBMD), anteroposterior spine BMD(L2-4 BMD) were in the 30～39,20～39, 20～29 age-groups respectively. In females, they were all in the 30～39 age-group. Peak values of TBMC, TBMD,L2-4 BMD were higher in males than those in females. Loss of bone mineral for females was more pro-nounced than that for males. Loss of L2-4 BMD was more pronounced than TBMD.Conclusion. This study provides the normal bone mineral data of whole body for males and females,and the characteristic of changes.展开更多
Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge abou...Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge about causes and prevention of fractures comes from studies performed in Western countries. Asian women appear to have similar or slightly lower bone density that may be a result of their smaller size. They appear to have a lower risk of hip fracture than Whites, which may be a result of their shorter hip axis. The risks of other types of fractures in Chinese women is less well defined and reasons for differences in the rates of osteoporotic fractures between China and Western countries remain to be explored. A study is underway in Beijing to describe the risks and potential causes of fractures among older women in urban China. Randomized trials in Western countries have demonstrated that calcium and vitamin D, estrogen, calcitonin,or bisphosphonates can reduce the rate of fractures. Increased intake of calcium and vitamin D may be the most effective approach to preventing fractures in China, but this should be tested in a randomized trial.展开更多
A randomized block design was used to compare the Singh index, the cortical index of the femoral neck and the lateral cortical width of the femur of a group of patients with femoral neck fracture, a group with intertr...A randomized block design was used to compare the Singh index, the cortical index of the femoral neck and the lateral cortical width of the femur of a group of patients with femoral neck fracture, a group with intertrochanteric fracture, and a normal control group among a total of 102 postmenopausal women.The three indices in fracture group were very significantly (P<0.01) or significantly (P<0.05) different from those in the normal control subjects. The importance of osteoporosis in hip fracture of the aged is con firmed. Radiographic measurement of bone mass was found to have some predictive value for the risk of hip fracture.展开更多
After the Second World War of the past century in Italy extended plantations were carried out. In Southern Italy the Calabrian pine （Pinus laricio Poiret） has been the most used species, for its ability to take root...After the Second World War of the past century in Italy extended plantations were carried out. In Southern Italy the Calabrian pine （Pinus laricio Poiret） has been the most used species, for its ability to take root in many difficult conditions. Currently the extension of this vegetation is about 36,000 hectares, in great part established in Calabria. They have reduced hydrogeological risks, they have carried out an important social role and have improved the landscape and the environment of huge hill and mountain territories. After the realization of these stands, no forest management has been made in order to define purposes and silvicultural operations. All stands are currently vulnerable in order to abiotic （fire, breakages） and biotic （Traumatocampa （--- Thaumetopoea） pityocampa （Denis ＆ Schiff.） and Heterobasidion annosum （Fr.） Bref.） agents. For the future, the silvicultural management of these stands will not be able to avoid planning choices, in order to improve the structural stability and the bioecological functionality and to consider the recent opportunities offered from the agroenergetic field.展开更多
Cedar forests area in northeastern Algeria （Aures） is decreasing by the massive tree mortality. In some localities more than 95% of the trees have recently died （e.g. Boumerzoug in Belezma National Park）. Three re...Cedar forests area in northeastern Algeria （Aures） is decreasing by the massive tree mortality. In some localities more than 95% of the trees have recently died （e.g. Boumerzoug in Belezma National Park）. Three reported episodes of massive tree mortality in 1880, 1980, and 2000 were attributed to drought at least as the triggering factor. Our main objective was to reconstruct drought events that could be linked to Atlas cedar tree mortality using tree-ring series. We developed a Cedrus atlantica tree-ring width chronology in Chelia with a reliable period spanning from 1502 to 2008. Based on the relationship between chronology indices and instrumental precipitation data, we reconstructed total October-June precipitation. Dry events were identified using a threshold of 90% of the October-June mean instrumental precipitation. The unique drought event of 3-year period （1877-1879） could explain the tree mortality occurred in 1880. In terms of severity and frequency of droughts, the later half of the twentieth century seems to be the worst and may be responsible for the recent tree mortality.展开更多
In China＇s rapid aging, old before getting rich, the traditional way of pension weakening, health industry chain shortage situation, combining with the status quo of Shanghai Songjiang District elderly health industr...In China＇s rapid aging, old before getting rich, the traditional way of pension weakening, health industry chain shortage situation, combining with the status quo of Shanghai Songjiang District elderly health industry and the existing problems are analyzed, based on the existing health industry, practice, to explore the Shanghai Songjiang District is facing in the development of health industry., improve Songjiang elderly health industry chain.展开更多
The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms′ mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and qu...The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms′ mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and quantifies some important concepts of emergy stores. Emphasis is placed on the urban metabolic model based on the slack based model(SBM) method to measure urban metabolic efficiencies. Urban metabolic mechanisms are discussed by using the regression method. By integrating these models, this paper analyzes the urban metabolic development in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. We conclude that the metabolic emergy stores of Beijing increased significantly from 2001 to 2010, with the emergy imported accounting for most of the increase. The metabolic efficiencies in Beijing have improved since the 2008 Olympic Games. The population, economic growth, industrial structures, and environmental governance positively affect the overall urban metabolism, while the land expansion, urbanization and environmentally technical levels hinder the improving of urban metabolic efficiencies. The SBM metabolic method and the regression model based on the emergy analysis provide insights into the urban metabolic efficiencies and the mechanism. They can promote to integrate such concepts into their sustainability analyses and policy decisions.展开更多
Background and purpose: Vascular and tension-type headache is most commonly encountered, and SI17 therapy has been tested to treat headache with good results. The efficacy of SI17 therapy for vascular and tension-... Background and purpose: Vascular and tension-type headache is most commonly encountered, and SI17 therapy has been tested to treat headache with good results. The efficacy of SI17 therapy for vascular and tension-type headache was compared and the effect of SI17 therapy on pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was studied. Materials and methods: 29 cases of vascular headache (20 cases in acute attack during the trial) and 27 cases of tension-type headache (19 cases in acute attack) were enrolled in the study. Plasma PP level before and 4th day after treatment was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: SI17 therapy is better for the treatment of vascular headache. Vascular headache with higher PP level and tension-type headache with normal PP level had good therapeutic results. Conclusion: The clinical efficacy is better for vascular headache with the increase of vagus tension and for tension-type headache with normal vagus tension. 展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370613)Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program)(2011CB403202)+1 种基金Project of General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of China(2009IK177)Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(DL12CA01)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of nutrient and water stress on the secretion of organic acids from roots of two-year-old Larix olgensis. [Method] Different nutrient and water stress conditions were designed to investi- gate the types and quantities of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. [Result] Under nutrient and water stress, the types of organic acids secreted from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis increased, which varied with different stress levels. In addition, nutrient and water stress also increased the secretory vol- ume of organic acids from roots of two-year-old L. olgensis. The increment in total amount of organic acids reached the maximum under Level 1 （high stress）. Among different types of organic acids, the increment in secretory volume of citric acid reached the maximum, followed by malic acid, while oxalic acid presented relatively small increment. Furthermore, the increment in secretory volume of these three organic acids all reached the maximum under Level 1. [Conclusion] The proportion of the secretory volume of each organic acid accounting for the total amount of organic acids varied slightly, but the overall order was unchanged.
文摘 According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……
文摘Objective.To investigate the distribution frequency of parathyroid hormone(PTH)gene polymorphism in healthy adults from Bejing area and to explore the association of PTH genotypes with bone mineral density(BMD).Methods.PTH gene polymorphism was detected in270subjects by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and PCR /restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR /RFLP).The digestion products of restriction enzyme Bst B1were separated on1%agarose gels.PTH genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequences analysis.BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA,DPX -L ,Lunar).Results.Genotype frequencies of BB,Bb,bb were73.7%,25.9%and0.4%respectively in Beijing adults(P<0.01),67.1%,32.2%and0.7%in postmenopausal women,which was different from Japanese wom-en.We statistically compared bone mineral density at the lumbar2-4and proximal femur between BB and Bb genotypes.No obvious association was found between the BMD and PTH genotypes in Beijing women(P>0.05).Conclusion.PTH gene polymorphism is not associated with BMD in Chinese women.The further research to explore the genetic risk factors of osteoporosis should be committed.
文摘Objective. To study the whole body bone mineral changes in normal subjects.Methods. Bone mineral was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) in 292 normal subjectsaged 10～79 years, including 152 females and 140 males. They were divided into age-groups by decade.Results. In males, the ages with peak value of total bone mineral content (TBMC), total bone min-eral density (TBMD), anteroposterior spine BMD(L2-4 BMD) were in the 30～39,20～39, 20～29 age-groups respectively. In females, they were all in the 30～39 age-group. Peak values of TBMC, TBMD,L2-4 BMD were higher in males than those in females. Loss of bone mineral for females was more pro-nounced than that for males. Loss of L2-4 BMD was more pronounced than TBMD.Conclusion. This study provides the normal bone mineral data of whole body for males and females,and the characteristic of changes.
文摘Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge about causes and prevention of fractures comes from studies performed in Western countries. Asian women appear to have similar or slightly lower bone density that may be a result of their smaller size. They appear to have a lower risk of hip fracture than Whites, which may be a result of their shorter hip axis. The risks of other types of fractures in Chinese women is less well defined and reasons for differences in the rates of osteoporotic fractures between China and Western countries remain to be explored. A study is underway in Beijing to describe the risks and potential causes of fractures among older women in urban China. Randomized trials in Western countries have demonstrated that calcium and vitamin D, estrogen, calcitonin,or bisphosphonates can reduce the rate of fractures. Increased intake of calcium and vitamin D may be the most effective approach to preventing fractures in China, but this should be tested in a randomized trial.
文摘A randomized block design was used to compare the Singh index, the cortical index of the femoral neck and the lateral cortical width of the femur of a group of patients with femoral neck fracture, a group with intertrochanteric fracture, and a normal control group among a total of 102 postmenopausal women.The three indices in fracture group were very significantly (P<0.01) or significantly (P<0.05) different from those in the normal control subjects. The importance of osteoporosis in hip fracture of the aged is con firmed. Radiographic measurement of bone mass was found to have some predictive value for the risk of hip fracture.
文摘After the Second World War of the past century in Italy extended plantations were carried out. In Southern Italy the Calabrian pine （Pinus laricio Poiret） has been the most used species, for its ability to take root in many difficult conditions. Currently the extension of this vegetation is about 36,000 hectares, in great part established in Calabria. They have reduced hydrogeological risks, they have carried out an important social role and have improved the landscape and the environment of huge hill and mountain territories. After the realization of these stands, no forest management has been made in order to define purposes and silvicultural operations. All stands are currently vulnerable in order to abiotic （fire, breakages） and biotic （Traumatocampa （--- Thaumetopoea） pityocampa （Denis ＆ Schiff.） and Heterobasidion annosum （Fr.） Bref.） agents. For the future, the silvicultural management of these stands will not be able to avoid planning choices, in order to improve the structural stability and the bioecological functionality and to consider the recent opportunities offered from the agroenergetic field.
文摘Cedar forests area in northeastern Algeria （Aures） is decreasing by the massive tree mortality. In some localities more than 95% of the trees have recently died （e.g. Boumerzoug in Belezma National Park）. Three reported episodes of massive tree mortality in 1880, 1980, and 2000 were attributed to drought at least as the triggering factor. Our main objective was to reconstruct drought events that could be linked to Atlas cedar tree mortality using tree-ring series. We developed a Cedrus atlantica tree-ring width chronology in Chelia with a reliable period spanning from 1502 to 2008. Based on the relationship between chronology indices and instrumental precipitation data, we reconstructed total October-June precipitation. Dry events were identified using a threshold of 90% of the October-June mean instrumental precipitation. The unique drought event of 3-year period （1877-1879） could explain the tree mortality occurred in 1880. In terms of severity and frequency of droughts, the later half of the twentieth century seems to be the worst and may be responsible for the recent tree mortality.
文摘In China＇s rapid aging, old before getting rich, the traditional way of pension weakening, health industry chain shortage situation, combining with the status quo of Shanghai Songjiang District elderly health industry and the existing problems are analyzed, based on the existing health industry, practice, to explore the Shanghai Songjiang District is facing in the development of health industry., improve Songjiang elderly health industry chain.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41371008,41101119)New Start Academic Research Projects of Beijing Union University(No.ZK201201)
文摘The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms′ mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and quantifies some important concepts of emergy stores. Emphasis is placed on the urban metabolic model based on the slack based model(SBM) method to measure urban metabolic efficiencies. Urban metabolic mechanisms are discussed by using the regression method. By integrating these models, this paper analyzes the urban metabolic development in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. We conclude that the metabolic emergy stores of Beijing increased significantly from 2001 to 2010, with the emergy imported accounting for most of the increase. The metabolic efficiencies in Beijing have improved since the 2008 Olympic Games. The population, economic growth, industrial structures, and environmental governance positively affect the overall urban metabolism, while the land expansion, urbanization and environmentally technical levels hinder the improving of urban metabolic efficiencies. The SBM metabolic method and the regression model based on the emergy analysis provide insights into the urban metabolic efficiencies and the mechanism. They can promote to integrate such concepts into their sustainability analyses and policy decisions.
文摘 Background and purpose: Vascular and tension-type headache is most commonly encountered, and SI17 therapy has been tested to treat headache with good results. The efficacy of SI17 therapy for vascular and tension-type headache was compared and the effect of SI17 therapy on pancreatic polypeptide (PP) was studied. Materials and methods: 29 cases of vascular headache (20 cases in acute attack during the trial) and 27 cases of tension-type headache (19 cases in acute attack) were enrolled in the study. Plasma PP level before and 4th day after treatment was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: SI17 therapy is better for the treatment of vascular headache. Vascular headache with higher PP level and tension-type headache with normal PP level had good therapeutic results. Conclusion: The clinical efficacy is better for vascular headache with the increase of vagus tension and for tension-type headache with normal vagus tension.
