一种指纹图像置信阈值极值化处理算法

针对传统方法存在适应性差、计算量大等特点,提出一种指纹图像置信极值化的处理方法。采用图像均衡化与置信阈值极值化结合对图像进行强化,对每个小区域的像素点进行灰度值求均值和方差,并采用VisualC++平台对算法进行实验验证。实验结果表明,该算法具有处理效果好、适应性强的特点。

基于控制点插值的扭曲叶片顶端磨损曲面延拓算法

针对扭曲叶片顶端磨损区域的曲面精密修复问题,提出一种扭曲叶片顶端磨损域曲面延拓算法。

生态海绵智慧流域建设——从状态改变到能力提升

在气候变化和人类活动日趋增强的影响下,同一流域往往面临着水资源、水环境、水生态和水沙等多种水问题,且干旱和洪涝等极端事件发生的频率日渐增强;系统治理及减缓极值化,成为流域综合治理关键任务,而提升流域对水循环多过程的调节能力则是其关键。在对中国水问题发展形势进行研判的基础上,系统剖析了传统治水模式中强调"状态改变"、"末端治理"、"过程分离"等的不足;明晰了变化环境下水问题系统治理的总体需求和生态海绵智慧流域建设的总体思路;提出了生态海绵智慧流域建设的总体技术框架和若干关键问题。生态海绵智慧流域建设将充分遵循水循环多过程的演变规律,规范人类水土资源开发活动,实现地表-土壤-地下多过程、水量-水质-泥沙-水生态的联合调控,最大限度实现"去极值化",建设健全流域的综合服务功能,保育"山水林田湖"生命体功能。

基于马尔可夫随机场的非监督声呐图像分割方法

针对声呐图像的特点,提出了一种新的基于马尔可夫随机场(MRF)的非监督声呐图像自动分割方法。研究发现,声呐图像混响区基本上都服从高斯分布,然而,其直方图离散化的分布效果不利于图像的自动分割,因此,通过一种快速有效的高斯金字塔模型对声呐图像进行预处理,使得处理后的声呐图像的海底混响区直方图服从高斯分布。在此基础上提出了一个能够自动确定声呐图像分类个数的模型,并通过该模型结合一种局部能量极值化的方法对马尔科夫模型的初始化参数进行估计,从而形成一种完全自动的声呐图像分割模型。最后,利用该模型对声呐图像数据进行了分割实验,并和其他典型的分割算法进行了比较,验证了该方法的有效性及快速性。

PPP项目城市投资环境综合评价——以15个副省级城市为例

为了促进PPP项目在我国城市基础设施和公共服务领域的顺利推广、提高PPP项目的成功率,在分析PPP项目所需外部投资环境的具体特点的基础上,建立了PPP项目城市投资环境评价体系,运用层次分析法确定了各个指标的权重,并对15个副省级城市的PPP项目投资环境进行了定量评价。研究结果表明:政府公共治理能力是影响PPP项目城市投资的最重要因素,其余依次是制度环境因素、经济发展状况、市场发育程度。

普惠金融发展水平的测度与比较研究

提高普惠金融发展水平是深化金融改革的重要内容。本文从普惠金融的使用性、可得性和质量性三个层次出发,采取极值化处理法与变异系数法相结合的方法,选取20个评价指标,构建分层次普惠金融发展水平指标评价体系,并对各省区普惠金融发展水平进行测度评价。同时,根据普惠金融指标得分分析各区域提高普惠金融发展水平的方向。

基于改进AHP模糊物元模型的农业用水效率评价

农业用水效率评价是提高农业用水效率的前提.通过构建农业用水效率评价指标体系,采用基于奇异值分解的AHP方法确定评价指标权重,结合模糊物元理论构建改进AHP模糊物元模型,对2002～2011年江苏省农业用水效率指标原始值进行极值无量纲化处理,并将处理后的指标值作为模型输入数据,以放大各年份评价结果间的差异.结果表明,江苏省农业用水效率呈现不平稳上升态势,具有较大节水潜力,基于奇异值分解的模糊物元模型具有适用性.

Ground-State Phase Diagram of Transverse Spin-2 Ising Model with Longitudinal Crystal-Field

The transverse spin-2 Ising ferromagnetic model with a longitudinal crystal-field is studied within the mean-field theory based on Bogoliubov inequality for the Gibbs free energy. The ground-state phase diagram and the tricritical point are obtained in the transverse field Ω/ zJ-longitudinal crystal D / zJ field plane. We find that there are the first order-order phase transitions in a very small range of D /zJ besides the usual first order-disorder phase transitions and the second order-disorder phase transitions,

Photoelectrocatalysis for high‐value‐added chemicals production

Photoelectrocatalysis(PEC)is a promising approach that can convert renewable solar energy into chemical energy,while most concern is concentrated on PEC water splitting to obtain high‐value‐added fuel—hydrogen.In practice,more economic benefits can be produced based on PEC technique,such as H_(2)O oxidative H_(2)O_(2) synthesis,organic selective oxidation,organic pollutants degradation and CO_(2) reduction.Although there are plenty of excellent reviews focusing on the PEC water splitting system,the production of various high‐value‐added chemicals in PEC systems has not been discussed synthetically.This Account will focus on the production process of various high‐value‐added chemicals through PEC technology.The photoelectrode design,reaction environment and working mechanisms of PEC systems are also discussed in detail.We believe that this comprehensive Account of the expanded application of photoelectrocatalysis can add an inestimable impetus to the follow‐up development of this technology.

A new kind of wavelet-based method for spectrum deconvolution

To subtract the slit function from the measured spectrum, a wavelet-based deconvolution method is proposed to obtain a regularized solution of the problem. The method includes reconstructing the signal from the wavelet modulus maxima. For the purpose of maxima selection, the spatially selective noise filtration technique was used to distinguish modulus maxima produced by signal from the one created by noise. To test the method, sodium spectrum measured at a wide slit was deconvolved. He-Ne spectrum measured at the corresponding slit width was used as slit function. Sodium measured at a narrow slit was used as the reference spectrum. The deconvolutton result shows that this method can enhance the resolution of the degraded spectrum greatly.

Responses of Climatic Change on the Lagging Time about Ground Temperature Reaching the Extremum at Shallow Layers Soil in Wuli

The air temperature of Wuli,which is located in seasonal frozen ground zone,is rising by 13 ℃ yearly.This paper discusses the days that each ground layers' temperature lags behind the surface temperature in reaching extremum.The results were shown:The time of each ground layers' lagging days was increasing;the lagging day in warm season was longer than that in cold season;the growth rate of lagging days in warm season was 0.5 d/y,while the growth rate of lagging days in cold season was 0.7 d/y.

Interdecadal and Interannnual Variabilities of the Antarctic Oscillation Simulated by CAM3

Based on four sets of numerical simulations prescribed with atmospheric radiative forcing and sea surface temperature(SST) forcing in the Community Atmospheric Model version 3(CAM3), the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the Antarctic oscillation(AAO) during austral summer were studied. It was found that the interannual variability is mainly driven by SST forcing. On the other hand, atmospheric radiative forcing plays a major role in the interdecadal variability. A cooling trend was found in the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere(SH) when atmospheric radiative forcing was specified in the model. This cooling trend tended to enhance the temperature gradient between the mid and high latitudes in the SH, inducing a transition of the AAO from a negative to a positive phase on the interdecadal timescale. The cooling trend was also partly weakened by the SST forcing, leading to a better simulation compared with the purely atmospheric radiative forcing run. Therefore, SST forcing cannot be ignored, although it is not as important as atmospheric radiative forcing.

Magnetic field assisted electrocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants in electroplating wastewater

To degrade the organic compounds in the electroplating wastewater,magnetic field was tentatively introduced into electrocatalytic oxidation on Ti-PbO2 anode.The magnetic field assisted electrocatalytic oxidation can promote anion movement and the generation of active species,resulting more organic compounds to be oxidized and degraded.Oxidation parameters such as treatment time,current density and initial pH of the wastewater were systematically discussed and optimized.The mineralization of organic compounds is improved by over 15% under a magnetic density of 22 mT while the current density is 50 A/m2,pH is 1.8 and the reaction time is 1.5 h.The results indicate that the magnetic field assisted electrocatalytic oxidation has considerable potential in electroplating wastewater treatment.

Magnetism of One-Dimensional Dipolar-Interaction Spin Chains with Perpendicular Anisotropy

We have investigated the magnetism of one-dimensional dipolar-interaction spin chains with perpendicular anisotropy by simulation. The behaviors of the magnetizations and the orientation correlations change dramatically as the anisotropy increases to the critical value. The domain length can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and the external field as well as the anisotropy. These properties are interesting and arise from the competition between the anisotropy and the interaction along the chain.

Doping effects on the electro-degradation of phenol on doped titanium suboxide anodes

Titanium suboxide is an excellent electrode material for many oxidization reactions.In this article,the electrodes of pure Ti_4O_7,doped Ti_4O_7and the mixed-crystal of Ti_4O_7and Ti_5O_9were prepared to evaluate their activities and doping effects in the electro-degradation of phenol.It was revealed by the HPLC analysis results that the degradation intermediates and routes were significantly affected by the doping element.On the pure Ti_4O_7anode,a series of classic intermediates were obtained from benzoquinone and hydroquinone to various carboxylic acids.These intermediates were degraded gradually to the final organic intermediate of oxalate in all experiments.At last,oxalate was oxidized to CO_2and H_2O.Distinctively,the Y-doped Ti_4O_7 anode directly broke phenol toα-ketoglutaric acid without the intermediates of benzoquinone and hydroquinone.The strong oxidization ability of the Y-doped Ti_4O_7 anode might be responsible for the highest COD removal ratio.In contrast,the Ga-doped Ti_4O_7 anode showed the worst degradation activity in this article.Three intermediates of benzoquinone,hydroquinone and maleic acid were found during the degradation.Benefiting from the weak ability,oxalate was efficiently accumulated with a very high yield of 74.6%.The results demonstrated promising applications from electrochemical preparation to wastewater degradation by adjusting the doping reagent of Ti_4O_7 electrodes.

Capacity evaluation of the backhaul link in the outdoor relay system at 2.35GHz

A measurement campaign has been conducted at 2.35 GHz with a bandwidth of 50 MHz to ob- tain the statistics and evaluate the capacity of the backhaul link. Based on the measured channel im- pulse response, the channel gain, the eigenvalue statistics and the capacity are investigated. The distribution and corresponding parameters for describing the eigenvalue dispersion, the maximum and minimum eigenvalues are given. It is found that the backhaul link is relatively stable, which shows small variance of the channel gain. In spite of the fact that there are not many scatterers in the backhaul link, the channel rank can be enhanced by using dual-polarized antennas. Thus, the backhaul link can provide enough capacity.

Iris Feature Extraction and Recognition Based on Fractal Dimension of Grayscale Extremums

This paper presented an individual recognition algorithm for human iris using fractal dimension of grayscale extremums for feature extraction.Firstly,iris region was localized from an eye image with modified circle detector stemmed from Daugman’s integro-differential operator.Then,segmentation was used to extract the iris and to exclude occlusion from eyelids and eyelashes.The extracted iris was normalized and mapped to polar coordinates for matching.In feature encoding,a new approach based on fractal dimension of grayscale extremums was designed to extract textural features of iris.Finally,a normalized correlation classifier was employed to determine the agreement of two iris feature templates,and the feature template was rotated left and right to avoid the interference from rotation of eyes and tilting of head.The experimental results show that fractal dimension of grayscale extremums can extract textural features from iris image effectively,and the proposed recognition algorithm is accurate and efficient.The proposed algorithm was tested on CASIA-IrisV3-Interval iris database and the performance was evaluated based on the analysis of both False Accept Rate(FAR)and False Reject Rate(FRR)curves.Experimental results show that the proposed iris recognition algorithm is effective and efficient.

成本—收益分析方法在英语教学中的应用研究

长期以来,英语教学现状不尽如人意。英语教学时间消耗长,精力付出大,资源浪费多。绝大多数学习者数十年的英语学习,仍然呈现为"聋、哑、盲、瞎"状态,根本不具备熟练的交际能力。将成本-收益极值化运用到英语教学,灵活运用语言符号系统的外形、意义、语篇静态构式、语篇动态主述位构式以及语篇意义可及性等经济性意图和表现,让英语教学回归语言学习的本源,实现英语教学低投入、高产出的经济学目标。

Land Aridization in the Context of Global Warming——a Case Study of Transbaikalia

An increase in the extremality of natural processes is a consequence of warming, aridization, and desertification. The authors consider the processes of warming, aridization, and desertification to be the parts of a single system and major destabilizing factors of ecological balance. Destabilization is expressed in the growth of natural processes extremality. Ecosystems of Transbaikalia were once characterized by a different natural contrast and amplitude. Warming, aridization and desertification have led to an increase of environmental regimes tensions. This is demonstrated quantitatively by the root-mean-square difference of atmospheric and soil parameters. Quantitative indicators of aridization are estimated using Walter-Gossen climate charts. Permafrost zone response information to the long-term warming is provided as well.

Non-degeneracy of extremal points in multi-dimensional space

For a family of smooth functions defined in multi-dimensional space,we show that,under certain generic conditions,all minimal and maximal points are non-degenerate.