带有损伤构件的海上采油平台的重分析方法

采用非线性有限单元法 ,将各种管单元局部损伤进行有限元网格细分 ,通过刚度矩阵的静力凝聚方法 ,将损伤单元统一为等效的非线性梁单元 ,然后再与整体平台结合进行重分析 ,获得损伤后平台的极限强度。本方法对局部损伤的形式不附加任何限制 ,并可方便地求解整体结构的后屈曲破坏结果 ;准确地反映了损伤所引起的弯曲与轴向耦合刚度的变化。

微纳米点阵力学超材料的设计和性能

在过去几年中,增材制造技术的不断涌现促进了点阵力学超材料研究的迅猛发展。本文主要介绍三维微纳米点阵力学超材料的性能和设计,强调点阵单胞基本单元的演化发展:从桁架到平板再到曲面,如何降低结构内部的应力集中,一步步实现理论预测的各向同性的Hashin–Shtrikman极限刚度。并对这一类力学超材料在生物医药、能源环境等领域的应用进行概述。

结构参数对波形弹簧承载特性的影响

波形弹簧在航空航天机械密封等精密且紧凑的结构中发挥着重要作用。除刚度和弹簧力外,恒刚度极限、给定压缩量下的最大等效应力和最大径向变形等承载特性也影响着波形弹簧性能。采用接触非线性求解方法,分析外径、波厚、波宽和波高等结构参数对承载特性的影响。为了设计方便,提出并推导最大径向变形量的计算公式,利用试验和数值分析验证公式准确性。采用正交分析方法,得到承载特性的敏感因子。研究结果表明,恒刚度极限随着外径、波厚的增加而增加,随着波宽、波高的增加而减小;最大等效应力大小随着波宽、波厚的增加而增加,随着外径、波高的增加而减小;最大径向变形量随着外径的增加而减小,随着波高的增加而增加。

Approach for analyzing the ultimate strength of concrete filled steel tubular arch bridges with stiffening girder

A convenient approach is proposed for analyzing the ultimate load carrying capacity of concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge with stiffening girders. A fiber model beam element is specially used to simulate the stiffening girder and CFST arch rib. The geometric nonlinearity, material nonlinearity, influence of the construction process and the contribution of prestressing reinforcement are all taken into consideration. The accuracy of this method is validated by comparing its results with experimental results. Finally, the ultimate strength of an abnormal CFST arch bridge with stiffening girders is investigated and the effect of construction method is discussed. It is concluded that the construction process has little effect on the ultimate strength of the bridge.

Improving behavior of semi-supported steel plate shear walls

In spite of the good performance of the steel plate shear wall(SPSW)in recent earthquakes and experimental studies,the need for huge columns to surround the infill plate is a major shortcoming of the system.This shortcoming can be resolved by using semi-supported SPSW.The semi-supported SPSW has secondary columns that prevent the transfer of stress from the infill plate to the main columns.In spite of extensive experimental and numerical investigations on SPSWs,there are many ambiguities regarding the behavior of the semi-supported SPSW.Although stress in the columns is reduced,incomplete diagonal tension field action is formed in the infill plate that creates new problems.In this paper,a new type of semi-supported SPSW is presented in which the steel plate and the secondary columns are angled.The creation of the angle of the plate and the secondary column makes it possible to use the full capacity of the steel plate as well as the capacity of the secondary columns.Numerical results showed that the wall with a 60°angle has a favorable performance relative to the semi-supported wall.Moreover,with the 60°angle,stiffness,strength and energy absorption is increased.The angle of the secondary columns has little effect on the non-elastic stiffness.Nevertheless,using a wall with an angle of more than 90°can neutralize the wall’s behavior relative to conventional walls.Therefore,the wall with a 60°angle as an optimal angle is recommended.

Behavior of double K-BRB braces under lateral loading

The buckling resisting brace(BRB)is an efficient system against lateral loads that enjoy high seismic energy absorption capacity.Although desirable behavior of BRBs has been confirmed,the stiffness of the system is not desirable that it can be compensated by changing the configuration of BRB braces.In so doing,the configuration in the form of double K(DK)is investigated to achieve more favorable behavior.Also,the required mathematical formulas were proposed to design the system.Comparison of DK system with other conventional BRB showed that the DK system has a better structural performance and is more economical(due to needing less core area)than other conventional BRB.Numerical results indicated that the DK system increases the lateral ultimate strength,lateral nonlinear stiffness,and energy absorption.Besides,the DK configuration reduces the axial forces created in columns in the nonlinear zone.Reducing material demand,created forces in the main frame,and also increasing of nonlinear stiffens by DK improve the structure’s safety.

Study on the FEM design of reinforced earth retaining wall with geogrid

At present,limit equilibrium method is often adopted in the design of reinforced earth retaining wall. Geotechnical engineers home and abroad have done a lot of work to improve the traditional calculation methods in recent years,while there are lots of defects. This paper first identifies the location of failure surface and safety factor through the finite element program of PLAXIS and then analyses the influencing factors of the stability of reinforced earth retaining wall with geogrid. The authors adopt strength reduction FEM (finite element method)in the design and stability analysis of reinforced earth retaining wall and have achieved some satisfying results. Without any assumptions,the new design method can automatically judge the failure mode of reinforced earth retaining wall,consider the influence of axial tensile stiffness of the reinforcement stripe on the stability of retaining wall,identify reasonable distance and length of the reinforcement stripe,and choose suitable parameters of reinforcement stripe,including strength,stiffness and pseudo-friction coefficient which makes the design optimal. It is proved through the calculation examples that this method is more reasonable,reliable and economical in the design of reinforced earth retaining wall.

High Slope Stability of Diversion Power System Intake of Jinchuan Hydropower Station

The excavated height of the left bank slope of the diversion power system intake in Jinchuan hydropower station is about 16o m. The stability and safety of the slope during construction and its operation/utilization become one of the most important geological engineering problems. At the same time, it is also crucial to select a safe and economic excavation gradient for the construction. We studied the problem of how to select a safe and economic slope ratio by analyzing the geological condition of the high slope, including the lithology, slope structure, structural surface and their combinations, rock weathering and unloading, hydrology, and the natural gradient. The study results showed that the use of an excavation gradient larger than the gradient observed during site investigation and the gradient recommended in standards and field practice manuals is feasible. Then, we used the finite element method and rigid limit equilibrium method to evaluate the stability of the excavation slope under natural, rainstorm and earthquake conditions. The calculated results showed that the excavated slope only has limited failure, but its stability is greatly satisfactory. The research findings can be useful in excavation and slope stabilization projects.

公路渗沟用聚乙烯管结构与排水性能计算分析

公路渗沟用聚乙烯管道上的可变作用标准值,使用回归模型、车辆与堆积荷载应力值比较来确定,并推导出管道环刚度极限值计算简化公式,提出了覆土高度分界值的概念。同时确定以管道沿横向设置在路基下方时的环刚度极限值进行控制,并在工程实例中分别进行管道沿纵、横向设置时的环截面变形、环截面强度、环截面压屈失稳、抗浮稳定及水力验算。通过公路渗沟用聚乙烯管结构与排水性能的计算分析,既有效补充了公路工程行业规范中渗沟用聚乙烯管结构强度与稳定性计算的内容,又可为类似公路管式渗沟设计计算起到很好的指导作用。