分件供送螺杆构型研究

借用日臻成熟的空间凸轮设计理论,提出了高速化供送螺杆的创新设计方法,并建立了描述螺杆构型的数学模型,为实现高速化螺杆的CAD/CAM奠定了基础。

文学何以沦为道德之婢?——世俗地主文化构型研究之一

一隋末名儒王通(文中子)似乎是第一个以“君子”、“小人”论文的。其《中说·事君》篇云:文士之行可见:谢灵运小人哉,其文傲,君子则谨;沈休文小人哉,其文冶,君子则典;鲍照、江淹古之狷者也,其文急以怨;吴筠、孔珪古之狂者也,其文怪以怒……这种偏激的批评法在盛唐并无继响。也许是初、盛唐的统治者采取“三教并用”的政策,致使儒学未能一统天下;也许是胡姬、胡帽、胡马、胡床。

渤海A油田大厚层油藏储层构型研究

以渤海A油田大厚层砂体为解剖对象,充分利用岩心、钻井、测井、地震及动态资料,运用层次界面分析方法,开展辫状河三角洲沉积大厚层储层构型研究,将主力层段沉积砂体划分为水下分流河道、河道边缘、河口坝、席状砂、分流间湾等4或5级界面构型单元。综合利用隔夹层数目差异、砂体横向厚度变化、砂体间泥质沉积、曲线形态差异等标志识别单砂体边界,确定了单砂体平面和剖面构型样式及砂体空间展布特征,该项研究成果应用于油田精细优化注水和剩余油挖潜,取得了较好的效果。

控根容器苗根系构型研究进展

根系畸形是容器苗生产中存在的主要问题,控根技术改变了根系构型,解决了容器育苗中根系畸形的问题,提高了苗木质量。文中着重介绍了控根技术对根系构型的影响和根系构型的研究方法,针对研究现状对控根容器苗根系构型研究进行了展望。

科技竞争背景下加速科技企业上市的科技金融构型研究——基于中关村科技上市企业的csQCA分析

在美国政府愈发“围堵”中国科技企业的背景下,金融如何助力科技企业进一步向前发展,已成为中国未来中长期的重大发展战略问题。中关村科技金融在支持科技企业发展的过程中发挥了独特且重要作用。本文围绕“中关村科技金融为什么行”这一关键问题,基于分析科技金融促进科技企业发展的理论机理,初步提炼出中关村科技金融体系的构型。进一步,使用csQCA方法对25家中关村科技企业上市速度开展对比分析,得出中关村科技金融促进科技企业上市的关键路径及必要条件。研究结果显示中关村科技金融构型的两种关键组态——政策驱动型组态与资本驱动型组态——能够显著加速科技企业上市。本文研究结论对地方培育上市科技企业及相关创新生态有着重要的参考意义。

民用航空飞行器的构型管理研究

构型控制与更改管理在复杂的航空飞行器设计制造过程中,具有举足轻重的地位.我国构型管理在民用航空器的应用上存在数据源不准确,数据源不统一,缺少设计物料清单,构型控制指令繁琐,工程更改通知方式落后,构型控制准确性较差.为此必须从健全构型管理机制、统一输入源、完善构型管理策划等方面来着手提升国内民用航空飞行器的构型管理水平.

精细油藏描述中的大数据技术及其应用

精细油藏描述研究内容特别丰富,积累了海量数据资料,为大数据技术应用提供了坚实的基础。同时,精细油藏描述由数字化向智能化转型和快速发展进步,需要大数据技术提供支撑。从基础统计数据和综合研究成果数据2方面,阐述了精细油藏描述中大数据的特点。除了这2类数据表资源,精细油藏描述中大数据还包括测井解释图版、地震解释数据体、地质模型等各类数据体以及各种成果图件。结合科研实践,从地层自动精细划分与对比、储层沉积微相(或储层构型)自动批量判别分类、测井精细批量二次解释、聚类分析储层综合定量评价和多点地质统计学三维地质建模等5方面介绍大数据技术在精细油藏描述中的应用。精细油藏描述中大数据技术应用存在的问题包括大数据技术数据库的建设、大数据技术信息挖掘、大数据的代表性问题、大数据多种类型数据之间的融合、大数据应用的安全性问题、大数据应用领域拓展等;未来发展方向主要包括大数据应用平台建设、大数据技术信息挖掘方法优化、大数据质量控制、大数据中的可视化技术创新、海量油田开发大数据的标准化管理、大数据技术在非常规油气精细油藏描述中的应用探索等。

储层构型综述

储层构型,是指不同级次储层构成单元的形态、规模、方向及叠置关系。20世纪70年代,由Allen、Miall等人先后提出了储层构型的概念,将沉积相的研究工作从二维引向了三维。构型主要是从层次结构的角度对地质体进行研究的。沉积构型的研究实际上是对沉积相研究的细化和深化。

Key technologies and equipment for a fully mechanized top-coal caving operation with a large mining height at ultra-thick coal seams

Thick and ultra-thick coal seams are main coal seams for high production rate and high efficiency in Chinese coal mines, which accounts for 44 % of the total minable coal reserve. A fully mechanized top-coal caving mining method is a main underground coal extraction method for ultra-thick coal seams. The coal extraction technologies for coal seams less than 14 m thick were extensively used in China. However, for coal seams with thickness greater than 14 m, there have been no reported cases in the world for underground mechanical extraction with safe performance, high efficiency and high coal recovery ratio. To deal with this case, China Coal Technology ＆ Engineering Group, Datong Coal Mine Group, and other 15 organizations in China launched a fundamental and big project to develop coal mining technologies and equipment for coal seams with thicknesses greater than 14 m. After the completion of the project, a coal extraction method was developed for top-coal caving with a large mining height, as well as a ground control theory for ultra-thick coal seams. In addition, the mining technology for top-coal caving with a large mining height, the ground support technology for roadway in coal seams with a large cross-section, and the prevention and control technology for gas and fire hazards were developed and applied. Furthermore, a hydraulic support with a mining height of 5.2 m, a shearer with high reliability, and auxiliary equipment were developed and manufactured. Practical implication on the technologies and equipment developed was successfully completed at the No. 8105 coal face in the Tashan coal mine, Datong, China. The major achievements of the project are summarized as follows： 1. A top-coal caving method for ultra-thick coal seams is proposed with a cutting height of 5 m and a top-coal caving height of 15 m. A structural mechanical model of overlying strata called cantilever beam-articulated rock beam is established. Based on the model, the load resistance of the hydraulic support with a large mining height for top-coal caving method is determined. With the analysis, the movement characteristics of the top coal and above strata are evaluated during top-coal caving operation at the coal face with a large mining height. Furthermore, there is successful development of comprehensive technologies for preventing and controlling spalling of the coal wall, and the top-coal caving technology with high efficiency and high recovery at the top-coal caving face with a large mining height. This means that the technologies developed have overcome the difficulties in strata control, top-coal caving with high efficiency and high coal recovery, and enabled to achieve a production rate of more than 10 Mtpa at a single top-coal caving face with a large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams; 2. A hydraulic support with 5.2 m supporting height and anti-rockburst capacity, a shearer with high reliability, a scraper conveyor with a large power at the back of face, and a large load and long distance headgate belt conveyor have been successfully developed for a top-coal caving face with large mining height. The study has developed the key technologies for improving the reliability of equipment at the coal face and has overcome the challenges in equipping the top-coal caving face with a large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams; 3. The deformation characteristics of a large cross-section roadway in ultra-thick coal seams are discovered. Based on the findings above, a series of bolt materials with a high yielding strength of 500-830 MPa and a high extension ratio, and cable bolt material with a 1 × 19 structure, large tonnage and high extension ratio are developed. In addition, in order to achieve a safe roadway and a fast face advance, installation equipment for high pre-tension bolt is developed to solve the problems with the support of roadway in coal seams for top-coal caving operation with a large mining height; 4. The characteristics of gas distribution and uneven emission at top-coal caving face with large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams are evaluated. With the application of the technologies of gas drainage in the roof, the difficulties in gas control for high intensive top-coal caving mining operations, known as ＂low gas content, high gas emission＂, are solved. In addition, large flow-rate underground mobile equipment for making nitrogen are developed to solve the problems with fire prevention and safe mining at a top-coal caving face with large mining height and production rate of more than 10 Mtpa. A case study to apply the developed technologies has been conducted at the No. 8105 face, the Tashan coal mine in Datong, China. The case study demonstrates that the three units of equipment, i.e., the support, shearer and scraper conveyor, are rationally equipped. Average equipment usage at the coal face is 92.1%. The coal recovery ratio at the coal face is up to 88.9 %. In 2011, the coal production at the No. 8105 face reached 10.849 Mtpa, exceeding the target of 10 Mtpa for a topcoal caving operation with large mining height performed by Chinese-made mining equipment. The technologies and equipment developed provide a way for extracting ultra-thick coal seams. Currently, the technologies and equipment are used in 13 mining areas in China including Datong, Pingshuo, Shendong and Xinjiang. With the exploitation of coal resources in Western China, there is great potential for the application of the technologies and equipment developed.

Study on Fine Crustal Structure of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake (M8.0) Region by Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling

Two near-vertical deep seismic reflection profiles (140km-long, 24-fold) were completed in the 1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake (M8.0) region. The profiles ran through the Xiadian fault and the Ershilichangshan fault. The profiling result shows that the crust in this region is divided into the upper crust, the lower crust and the crust-mantle transitional zone by two powerful laminated reflectors: one at the two-way travel-time of about 7.0s (21km), the other at about 11.0～12.5s (33～37km). Crustal structure varies significantly in vertical direction. The shallow part is characterized by obvious stratification, multilayers and complexity. The upper crust on the whole features reflection “transparency”, while the lower crust features distinct reflectivity. Crustal structure also varies a lot in the lateral direction. The main fracture in this region is the deep fault under the Xiadian fault. This deep fault is steeply inclined (nearly vertical), and is supposed to be the causative fault of the Sanhe-Pinggu M8.0 earthquake. The two profiles respectively reveal the existence of local strong reflectivity in the lower crust and the lower part of the upper crust, which is assumed to be a dike or rock mass formed by the upwelling and cooling down of materials from the upper mantle. Magmatic activity in this part brought about differences in regional stress distribution, which then gave rise to the formation of the deep fault. That is supposed to be the deep structural setting for the Sanhe-Pinggu M8.0 earthquake.

Development of Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） Accounting Information System in Cluster of Kampung Laweyan Batik, Surakarta, Indonesia

The role of small and medium enterprises （SMEs） in the economy of a country was quite strategic, however the tightness of the competition, has allowed the SMEs into disadvantageous position. The SMEs need a precise accounting information system, thus the SMEs could improve the accuracy, validation data, productivity, and the competitiveness of enterprises. The problem of this research is how the SMEs accounting information systems in a cluster of Kampung Batik Laweyan Surakarta. To develop accounting information systems in a SMEs cluster of Kampung Batik Laweyan Surakarta, this research used research and development （R＆D） method. Data obtained through analysis of the company＇s business processes. Results of data analysis used to develop accounting information systems in a SMEs cluster of Kampung Batik Laweyan Surakarta. Accounting information system development consists of the structure of SMEs organizations, the general design of accounting information systems of the SMEs, flowchart and documentation of the SMEs accounting information systems, and accounting software of the SMEs

On the ways of cultivating the creativity of talents

The creative talents are of constructive significance to the development of the country. Starting from the early exploration and the scientific definition of the creativity of the talents, this article summarizes the research achievements of the creativity of talents in China from three aspects of the determination of the nature and the research of the structural model, the research of the relationship between creativity and other factors, and the development and research of the cross cultural creativity. And from the perspective of the theory and the practice, the author puts forward the ways to cultivate the creativity of the talents from the five dimensions of optimizing the development of the brain functions, improving the abilities of the thinking, judgment and control, debugging the emotional stability and the creative personality, striving to improve the teachers＇ creativity, and drawing lessons from the practical experience of training innovative talents in western countries.

STRUCTURE AND STABILITY OF MAIN ROOF AFTER ITS FRACTURE

A series of physical modelings in which a main roof is considered as a Kirchhoff plate supported or clammed by Winkler elastic foundation were performed to simulate the fracturing process of the main roof in longwall mining. Based on these modelings spatial structures of the main roof after its fracture are described, blocks of the fractured main roof are classified and their behaviors are analyzed in this paper. Additionally, two stability indexes of the structures are defined, and the factors affecting stability of the structures with different boundaries and geometric conditions are discussed.

Negotiation Processes in the Food Trade for Raw Material Supply Transactions

This scientific study focuses on the economic and especially the psychosocial factors of success in negotiation processes between buyers （procurers） and suppliers （producers） in the food trade. In particular, it examines the economic and mental satisfaction in the decision-making and in the negotiation processes for efficient food supply. It is examined primarily as transparency in addition to Harvard concept at annual meetings （or between the year） favoring a satisfactory result for both negotiators. In a structural equation model, the Harvard negotiating points are brought with transparency in communication and this in terms of economic success experiences and the sociomental satisfaction.

Deep Semantic Structure of Natural Language

This paper presents the result of research of deep structure of natural language. The main result attained is the existence of a deterministic mathematical model that relates phonetics to associated mental images starting from the simplest linguistic units in agreement with the human response to different acoustic stimuli. Moreover, there exists two level hierarchy for natural language understanding. The first level uncovers the conceptual meaning of linguistic units, and hence forming a corresponding mental image. At the second level the operational meaning is found to suit, context, pragmatics, and world knowledge. This agrees with our knowledge about human cognition. The resulting model is parallel, hierarchical but still concise to explain the speed of natural language understanding.

On the ways of cultivating the creativity of talents

The creative talents are of constructive significance to the development of the country. Starting from the early exploration and the scientific definition of the creativity of the talents, this article summarizes the research achievements of the creativity of talents in China from three aspects of the determination of the nature and the research of the structural model, the research of the relationship between creativity and other factors, and the development and research of the cross cultural creativity. And from the perspective of the theory and the practice, the author puts forward the ways to cultivate the creativity of the talents from the five dimensions of optimizing the development of the brain functions, improving the abilities of the thinking, judgment and control, debugging the emotional stability and the creative personality, striving to improve the teachers＇ creativity, and drawing lessons from the practical experience of training innovative talents in western countries.

Detonation Propagation in Narrow Gaps with Various Configurations

In general all detonation waves have cellular structure formed by the trajectory of the triple points. This paper aims to investigate experimentally the propagation of detonation in narrow gaps for hydrogen-oxygen-argon mixtures in terms of various gap heights and gap widths. The gap of total length 1500 mm was constructed by three pair of stainless plates, each of them was 500 mm in length, which were inserted in a detonation tube. The gap heights were varied from 1.2 mm to 3.0 mm while the gap widths were varied from 10 mm to 40 mm. Various argon dilution rates were tested in the present experiments to change the size of cellular structure. Attempts have been made by means of reaction front velocity, shock front velocity, and smoked foil to record variations of cellular structure inside the gaps. A combination probe composed of a pressure and an ion probe detected the arrival of the shock and the reaction front individually at one measurement point. Experimental results show that the number of the triple points contained in detonation front decreases with decrease in the gap heights and gap widths, which lead to larger cellular structures. For mixtures with low detonability, cell size is affected by a certain gap width although conversely cell size is almost independent of gap width. From the present result it was found that detonation propagation inside the gaps is strongly governed by the gap height and effects of gap width is dependent on detonability of mixtures.

Immobilization of heparin on decellularized kidney scaffold to construct microenvironment for antithrombosis and inducing reendothelialization

In recent years, rapid development of tissue engineering technology provides possibilities for the construction of artificial tissues or organs. In construction of engineered kidneys, researchers used native decellularized extracellular matrix(ECM) as the scaffolds to recellularization. However, thrombosis has been a great issue that hinders the progress of transplantation in vivo. In this study, heparin was immobilized to the collagen part of decellularized scaffold with collagen-binding peptide(CBP). Through the anticoagulant and endothelial cell reperfusion experiments, it can be demonstrated that the heparinized scaffolds absorbed less platelets and red blood cells which can effectively reduce the formation of thrombosis. Moreover, it is conducive to longterm adhesion of endothelial cells which is important for the formation of subsequent vascularization. Taken together, our results reveal that the whole kidney can be modified by CBP-heparin composite to reduce the thrombosis and provide the better conditions for neovascularization.

Contributions of non-tectonic micro-fractures to hydraulic fracturing—A numerical investigation based on FSD model

Shale gas has been discovered in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China. Due to the weak tectonic activities in which the shale plays, core observations indicate abundant random non-tectonic micro- fractures in the producing shales. The non-tectonic micro-fractures are different from tectonic fractures and are characterized by being irregular, curved, discontinuous, and randomly distributed. The role of micro-fractures in hydraulic fracturing for shale gas development is currently poorly understood yet potentially critical. Two-dimensional computational modeling studies have been used in an initial attempt toward understanding how naturally random fractured reservoirs respond during hydraulic fracturing. The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of random non-tectonic fractures on hydraulic fracturing. The numerical models with random non-tectonic micro-fractures are built by extracting the fractures of rock blocks after repeated heating and cooling, using a digital image process. Simulations were conducted as a function of:(1) the in-situ stress ratio;(2) internal friction angle of random fractures;(3) cohesion of random fractures;(4) operational variables such as injection rate; and(5) variable injection rate technology. A sensitivity study reveals a number of interesting observations resulting from these parameters on the shear stimulation in a natural fracture system. Three types of fracturing networks were observed from the studied simulations, and the results also show that variable injection rate technology is most promising for producing complex fracturing networks. This work strongly links the production technology and geomechanical evaluation. It can aid in the understanding and optimization of hydraulic fracturing simulations in naturally random fractured reservoirs.

A physical mechanism based investigation on the elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys under finite deformation

The elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys is investigated under finite deformation using a physical mechanism based constitutive model.With an application to the structural calculation,the present model is used to describe and analyze the mechanical response of anisotropic 6260-T6 aluminum alloy extrusions.For the tensile specimens extracted along three different material orientations from the extruded aluminum profile,twelve simulations are carried out covering four different specimen geometries.The simulation results in force-displacement response and central logarithmic axial strain evolution are compared with experimental results.From the comparisons,it can be concluded that the present model has the capacity to describe the behavior of anisotropic material.From the force-displacement curves,the anisotropy is observed in different material orientations,and the physical mechanism of anisotropy is analyzed.