论新类型范畴“构建型式”及其与文类之关系——文论史上反文类思潮反思

作为一个不同于文类的新类型学范畴,"构建型式"的提出着眼于文本要素的功能类型,并不一定走向以往文类理论的分类术语目录。构建型式坚持了类型对于文学研究的重要意义,凸显了文本之于文学研究的基础性地位,揭示了后现代主义文学世界的部分文本策略。构建型式范畴的纯粹形式的特征与文类对于作品属性的包括形式和内容在内的诸多层面的策略把握的差异,也使得"构建型式"自身也难免一些先天不足。替代范畴与文类之间与其说是替代,毋宁说是一种补充或提示。

Effect of pile-cap connection on behavior of torsionally loaded pile groups

To evaluate the responses of fixed and pinned pile groups under torsion, a method is presented to analyze the nonlinear behavior of free-standing pile groups with rigid pile caps. The method is capable of simulating the nonlinear soil response in the near field usingp-y and r-θ curves, the far-field interactions through Mindlin＇s and Randolph＇s elastic solutions, and the coupling effect of lateral resistance on torsional resistance of the individual piles using an empirical factor. Based on comparisons of the solutions for fixed- and pinned-head, 1×2, 2×2, and 3×3 pile groups subjected to torsion, it was found that pile-cap connection significantly influences the torsional capacity of pile groups and the assignment of applied torques in the pile groups. In this study, the applied torques for the pinned-head pile groups are only 44%-64% of those for the corresponding fixed-head pile groups at a twist angle of 2^o. Such a difference is mainly due to the change of the lateral resistances of individual piles in the groups.

Scalable Load-Adaptive Web-Based Network Management System： An Architectural Prototype

With the advances in enterprise communication and web technologies, web has evolved into a platform for delivering interactive applications. Web-based applications are revolutionizing both the features that can be delivered and the technologies for developing and deploying applications. In this paper, we present a web-based load-adaptive network management system framework. Our system is scalable, extendable, modular and based on open architecture. It is also load-adaptive as it can adapt to the increase in the number of incoming Web Service requests so that the systems performance will not degrade under heavy request loads. To evaluate the proposed architecture, we built a multi-tiered web application testbed with open-source components widely used in industry. Experimental studies conducted on the testbed demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach. By developing the platform and making it available to the research community, we hope to catalyze the development of an open source stack for Web-based network management and monitoring.

Reducing the climate shift in a new coupled model

Climate drift refers to spurious long-term changes that may be inherent in coupled models when external forcing factors are fixed. Understanding the sources of this drift and tuning the drift are crucial for obtaining reasonable simulations from coupled models. To prepare for the upcoming Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, a new coupled model has been constructed based on the Community Earth System Model and the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG version 2. However, the surface temperature predicted by the new model is too underestimated, and this underestimation is caused by a type of climate drift, i.e., ‘‘initial shock.'' This study analyzes the source of the cold surface temperature from the perspective of energy balance and attempts to reduce the surface temperature drift by tuning the relative humidity threshold for low cloud.

The theory of information images： Modeling based on diffusion equations

This work represents a formalized description of information and communicative interac- tions of individuals on the basis of theory of information images （II）. It also demonstrates how important it is to choose the models type adequate to the systems under research. It also introduces an explication of the possibility to create the model of information and communication interactions that can illustrate transmission of information between two and more individuals. Methods and approaches suggested in this paper allow us to compare different levels of the described processes depending on the chosen architecture of the model; the methods and approaches mentioned in the current work can be also used to simulate the processes of distortion and generation of information images while information and communication social interaction. Expansion and addition of informa- tion images theory in terms of transmission of information among individuals enables us to speak about the space of individual II. The existence of such a space and creation of correct formalized model help us to explain a number of characteristic phenomena of human thinking processes. As a result of this research, the authors introduce an equa- tion that describes the spatial and structural evolution of individual II. There is also an example of modeling on the basis of this theory taking into account the results of the experiment （bilingual Stroop test）.