白云鄂博碳酸岩中矿物的次生反应边结构

在白云鄂博粗粒方解石碳酸岩中,发现了三种围绕硅酸盐矿物的次生反应边结构:1)在方解石中的石英被磷硅钙铈矿反应边环绕与方解石分隔开;2)在方解石中的碱性闪石被磷硅钙铈矿反应边环绕与方解石分隔开;3)方解石中的榍石被硅钛铈矿反应边环绕与方解石分隔开。这种情况表明,在后期阶段该区有富稀土的流体活动,该流体沿石英或硅酸盐矿物与方解石矿物颗粒接触边缘进行交代,生成了次生稀土矿物的反应边环带。这进一步表明,白云鄂博矿床稀土的富集至少与一期富稀土流体的交代作用有关。流体除含REE外,还含有铁和钠,该种流体的成分与以往有关白云鄂博矿床流体研究所得的成分结论是完全一致的。

西非马里地区红土粒料的矿物组成与路用性能

对西非马里地区红土粒料的基本物理性能、矿物织构组成与路用性能进行试验研究。结果表明,红土粒料砾石组的主要成分是赤铁矿石(40.6%)和高岭石(39.5%),粉黏粒组主要由赤铁矿石(27.0%)和石英(63.0%)组成,高岭石含量仅10.0%;颗粒容易发生破碎,其中19~2 mm粒径颗粒抗冲击能力差,当击实次数超过98次时颗粒破碎趋于稳定;在欠压实状态下,干密度与颗粒破碎率的关系呈近似线性增长规律,当破碎率大于25%后,压实度普遍能达到98%以上;红土粒料的水稳性较差,但在96%压实度前提下,饱水4 d的CBR接近80%,回弹模量变化范围在190~300 MPa之间,可满足西非地区路面底基层的使用要求。

利用都市废物生产生态水泥

近年来日本对利用都市垃圾和地下水道污泥的主要原料生产新型建筑材料——生态水泥的技术进行了研究。垃圾与下水道污泥属生活废物,大多含有水泥所需的适量成分,可用作水泥原料。但由于它们含有较多氯这种有害成分,不能直接用于水泥生产。因此,可利用氯分作构成矿物的元素来生产水泥。通过近来的研究表明。

Technological mineralogy and environmental activity of zinc leaching residue from zinc hydrometallurgical process

Chemical, physical, structural and morphological properties of zinc leaching residue were examined by the combination of various detection means such as AAS, XRF, XRD, M？ssbauer spectrometry, SEM-EDS, TG-DSC, XPS and FTIR. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure （TCLP） was used to investigate the environmental activity of zinc leaching residue for a short contact time. The phase composition analysis indicated that the zinc leaching residue mainly consists of super refined flocculent particles including zinc ferrite, sulfate and silicate. The physical structural analysis showed that it has a thermal instability and strong water absorption properties. The results of TCLP indicated that the amounts of Zn and Cd in the leaching solution exceed 40 and 90 times of limit, respectively, which demonstrate that this residue is unstable in weak acidic environment for a short contact time.

BH油田储层保护技术现场应用效果评价研究

BH油田储层黏土矿物构成分析及储层敏感性实验表明,BH油田储层伤害类型主要为外来固相颗粒堵塞及油井结垢,要求各种入井流体（完井液、压井液、射孔液）必须为无固相或低固相流体,且流体滤失或漏失量低、与地层及地层流体配伍好。对BH油田在用各种完井液、压井液或射孔液使用效果及对储层保护效果分析表明,BH油田大批量使用的完井液（聚磺钻井液＋2%（w）-3%（w）油溶性暂堵剂）可满足储层保护需要,所用压井液或射孔液应以清水＋0.5%（w）-1%（w）黏土稳定剂＋0.2%（w）增稠剂为主,当地层压力系数〈1时,可加入1%（w）-3%（w）的油溶性暂堵剂防止压井液向地层大量漏失。

准格尔矿区粉煤灰提铝残渣的理化性质研究

为了实现对准格尔矿区煤粉炉粉煤灰提取氧化铝后残渣的利用，以进一步提高粉煤灰的综合利用率，通过密度与细度分析、荧光光谱分析、化学分析、晶相分析、岩矿分析、形貌分析等手段，对残渣的化学成分、矿物构成、形貌特征、活性特征等理化性质进行了研究．结果表明，该类残渣的可磨性好；残渣主要成分以SiO2为主，占90％以上，Al2O3约占4％～6％，CaO和Fe2O3和量不足1％；残渣粒度集中在0．02mm以下，少量在0．02—0．2mm之间，粒度越大者含量越少．残渣中仍然以非晶质（玻璃相）成分为主，约占85％～90％，晶质相约占10％～15％，主要为石英及少量的刚玉、长石、云母；大部分颗粒表面呈多孔、疏松结构．SEM分析表明，提铝残渣颗粒形貌完全不同于粉煤灰原灰形貌，且多为不规则玻璃体颗粒，表面粗糙不平、并呈多孔、疏松结构．

X衍射分析技术在束鹿凹陷特殊岩性识别中的应用

冀中坳陷束鹿凹陷沙三下段为一套泥灰岩、碳酸盐砾岩为主的特殊岩性段。由于矿物成分相近,当前钻井条件下岩屑细碎,甚至呈粉末状,常规录井技术难以准确识别岩性,而X衍射分析技术可以准确测定岩石主要矿物构成及含量,从而有效指导岩屑岩性定名。在利用X衍射分析数据识别泥灰岩、砾岩剖面时,经过数据比对发现,黏土+石英+长石含量、碳酸盐含量与砾岩、含砾泥灰岩、泥灰岩、灰质泥岩对应关系较好,由此建立X衍射岩性解释图版,确定X衍射岩性划分标准。由于图版方法只能进行单点分析,为实现连续深度的整体分析,采用矿物含量曲线交汇的方法划分岩性。应用实践表明,X衍射分析技术可以较好地解决录井现场岩性识别的难题。

Feasibility studies on cleaning of high sulfur coals by using ionic liquids

Coal has been used as an energy resource around the world, primarily for the generation of electricity. The cleaning of coal by removing its unwanted sulfur and mineral matter components is utmost essential before their gainful utilizations. The ionic liquids （ILs） are considered as non-toxic solvents for using in different industrial processes. The effect of two ILs namely, 1-n-butyl, 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoro borate （ILl） and 1-n-butyl, 3-methylimidazolium chloride （IL2） in oxidative de-sulfurization and de-ashing of two industrially important high sulfur coal samples from Meghalaya （India） is discussed in this paper. The maximum removal of total sulfur, pyritic sulfur, sulfate sulfur and organic sulfur are observed to be 37.36 %, 62.50 %, 83.33 % and 31.63 % respectively during this oxidative process. The quantitative diffuse reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analysis supports the formation of sulfoxides （S--O） and sulfones （-SO2） and their subsequent removal during the oxidation of the coals in presence of ILs. The X-ray fluorescence combined with near edge X-ray absorption fine structure and scanning electron microscopic studies reveal the removal of mineral matters （ash yields） from the coal samples. The thermogravimetric analysis of the raw and clean coals indicates their high combustion efficiencies and suitability for using in thermal plants. The method is partially green and the ILs could be recovered and reused in the process.

Durability of Concrete Made with Manganese Slag as Supplementary Cementitious Materials

This paper discusses mineral composition and pore microstructure characteristics of water-cooled manganese slag and its effects on durability of concrete. The Mn slag has an alveolate pore structure, and the ground Mn slag is characterized by multiangular shape which consists of a＇-C2S, C3M82, CaO.MnO-2SiOu and C2AS. Experimental results show that the Mn slag has potential hydraulic reactivity. Concrete made with Mn slag as supplementary cementitious materials （SCMs） exhibits very low strength loss and weight loss in the synthetic seawater corrosion and freezing-thawing cycle tests. The research provides useful reference for knowing about Mn slag and for applying Mn slag to improve the durability of concrete.

Late Triassic bivalves associated with a hydrothermal vent system in the Yidun Island Arc (SW China) of the eastern Tethys

The Yidun Island Arc in the Three Rivers (Jinsha River, Lancang River, Nujiang River) region of southwestern China is one of the most important Kuroko-type volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits (VMS) in China. Intra-arc rifting of Yidun Island occurred during the Late Carnian-Norian when VMS deposits such as the Gacun Pb-Zn-Cu deposit were formed. A bivalve fauna was found in fine-grained tuffaceous slate and in mineralized tuffaceous siltstone containing very high contents of Pb (45.01-103.37 ppm) and Zn (135.78-300.03 ppm) of the upper Tumugou Formation in the Changtai-Gacun volcanic-sedimentary rift basin. Stratigraphically, the bivalve-bearing beds are equivalents of the Gacun Pb-Zn-Cu deposits. The diversity of this bivalve fauna is very low. It consists mainly of the thin-shelled, epibyssate suspension-feeding bivalves Pergamidia eumenea and Parapergamidia changtaiensis, the burrowing large, elongated, suspension-feeding Trigonodus keuperinus and Unionites? sp., and occasional specimens of the endobyssate suspension-feeding Trigonodus? sp. and the deep burrowing suspension-feeding Pleuromya markiamensis. Individuals of the first four taxa are so abundant that the specimens are sometimes concentrated in shell beds, probably indicating a gregarious habit. This bivalve fauna is associated with internal moulds of cylindrical, slightly conical tubes most likely produced by a worm-shaped organism. Composition, morphology, diversity, and high abundance of this fauna, chemical features of the surrounding sediment, and the tectonic setting all suggest that this bivalve fauna lived in a deep-water environment in or around a hydrothermal vent system.