Jilin Province is one of major forest regions of China. This paper analyzed the existing conditions and tendency in forest ecological restoration of the province and revealed the confronting problems in ecology and ec...Jilin Province is one of major forest regions of China. This paper analyzed the existing conditions and tendency in forest ecological restoration of the province and revealed the confronting problems in ecology and economy. The authors divided Jilin Province into three ecological economic zones, including nid-west farming and stockbreeding area, east hilly diversified-operation area, and Changbai Mountain national forest area, and discussed the direction and tasks of forest ecological restoration of each zone. Some Countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for restoration of forest ecology of the province.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the current situation of Chinese forestry and a series of ecological, environmental, eco-nomic, and social problems, this paper emphasized on the importance of forests in social and economic d...Based on the analysis of the current situation of Chinese forestry and a series of ecological, environmental, eco-nomic, and social problems, this paper emphasized on the importance of forests in social and economic development in China The author pointed out that sustainable development, particularly the sustainable development of forestry, is the inevitable choice to solve the problems of ecological environment and social economics. The objectives, criteria, and strategies of sus-taining forestry were also demonstrated and expounded, from the viewpoints of ecology, economics, and sociology.展开更多
This paper makes a brief introduction of the ecological environment, forestry achievements, and the existing questions of Jilin Province. The task of forest ecological network and eight questions demanding prompt solu...This paper makes a brief introduction of the ecological environment, forestry achievements, and the existing questions of Jilin Province. The task of forest ecological network and eight questions demanding prompt solution were discussed based on the present situation of forestry in Jilin Province. The author also made prospects for future application of bio-technique, infor-mation technology, new material technology and nuisance-free forest health technology in forest ecological network.展开更多
Taihu Lake area is one of the most developed areas in agricultural production. Application of fertilizers and pesticides in large quantities greatly aggravate environmental pollution of this area, and water pollution ...Taihu Lake area is one of the most developed areas in agricultural production. Application of fertilizers and pesticides in large quantities greatly aggravate environmental pollution of this area, and water pollution has worsened to an unbearable condition. Two sampling farms (respectively 1 hm2) under rape-rice rotation and wheat-rice rotation were selected as studied ecosystem and a 5-yr-old Poplar forest and 8-yr-old Metasequoia forest were chosen in the selected areas. By collecting samples of Nitrogen, Phosphorus in water, crops and underground of forest, the transfer and loss of N and P (main water pollutants) in faming ecosystem were studied, and the effects of forest belts on non-point source pollution of agricultural lands was analyzed. The results indicated that the transfer and loss of N and P vary with means of rotation, types of crops and the amount of fertilizer application. Buffering forest belts betweens farmlands and ditches can effectively stop and purify such elements as N and P in soil runoffs, thus controlling non-point source pollution of agricultural lands. When the width ratio of farmland to forest belt is 100 to 40, 50.05% losing N, 29.37% losing P can be absorbed by forest under rape-rice rotation and 30.98% N, 86.73% P can be absorbed by forest under wheat-rice rotation. When the width ratio of farmland to forest belt is 150 to 40, 33.37% losing N, 19.58% losing P can be absorbed by the forest under rape-rice rotation, and under wheat-rice rotation 20.65% lost N and 57.82% lost P can be absorbed. There is only some purification effect when the width ration of farmland to forest belt is 200 to 40. Based on model of buffering forest belts, the width ratio of farmland to forest is determined between 100 to 40 and 150 to 40, because it not only can purify water, but also occupy less farmland. It is suggested that Poplars, with the characteristics of fast-growing and high value, are suitable to be planted as shelter-forest in Taihu Lake Watershed.展开更多
The World Trade Organization (WTO), an international organization to deal with the world free trade mechanism, allows for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable de...The World Trade Organization (WTO), an international organization to deal with the world free trade mechanism, allows for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable development and the protection of environment and trade. China, as a state member of WTO, is challenged by the WTO's agreements and the principles to guideline China sustainable forest development in the future. Forest resources in China will be protected as the basic sections of natural resources. The administrative function of Chinese government will be reformed by the condition of WTO's principles. So, the aim of China forest sustainable development is prior to deal with the relationship between the environment protection and development of economy. Under the condition of the WTO's principles and as a base on the international customary laws, the issues of China forest sustainable development focus on the China forest system reformation that applies for the China nature forest stratagem by the laws and protects the China environment for the sustainable development under the condition of science development, especially in the China forest protection and in dealing with the relationship among the environment and the economy development and others. Establishing the zoological forest industry is basic requirement by both the WTO's agreements and the WTO's principles, especially under the GATT 1947 Art XX, and other principles to protect the China forest sustainable development and to create the international environment for China forest. Keywords WTO's principles - China forest - Sustainable development CLC number S7-05 Document code B Biography: CAO Pei-zhong (1965-), male, Associate Professor of Shandong Agriculture of University. School of Laws and Literature. LLM of University of Canberra, one of ten lawyers with experience of almost ten years, sent by the Government in 2000, arbitrator and engineer. Chief of Shandong Agriculture University Laws Institution, publishing the papers abroad and in China medium At present, dealing with the project and rescarching on.international litigation, especially the WTO and EU law, is major the directionResponsible editor: Chai Ruihal展开更多
Changbai Mountain forest area is not only is a national timber base but also a green ecological defense for Songliao Plain of NE China. The Natural Forest Protection Project of this area has an important bearing on th...Changbai Mountain forest area is not only is a national timber base but also a green ecological defense for Songliao Plain of NE China. The Natural Forest Protection Project of this area has an important bearing on the social and economic sustainable development of Jilin Province or even the whole forest area in NE China. This paper summarized general conditions of natural forest in Changbai Mountain state-owned forest area and put forward six problems need to be urgently solved and five strategic suggestions on natural forest protection and sustainable management.展开更多
The Sanjiang Plain is a vast area of alluvial floodplains and low hills in northeast Heilongjiang Province. Because of the excessive land reclamation in the past, the whole forest area and the quality have decreased. ...The Sanjiang Plain is a vast area of alluvial floodplains and low hills in northeast Heilongjiang Province. Because of the excessive land reclamation in the past, the whole forest area and the quality have decreased. In the view of sustainable development, this paper analyzed the possibilities for Non-timber Forest Product in terms of developing potentialities, markets, social effects and the status of NTFPs in several counties of Sanjiang Plain. The result showed that, active development and management for NTFPs is an optimistic option to how to balance the wetlands conservation and sustainable economic development.展开更多
Chinese forest resources have become very scarce in the face of rapid economic growth demand, while the reform of collective forest right system is in full swing across the country. It will directly affect the regener...Chinese forest resources have become very scarce in the face of rapid economic growth demand, while the reform of collective forest right system is in full swing across the country. It will directly affect the regeneration level of forest resources and the diverse ecological value functions. In this article, the mainstream model paradigm of forest economics, that is, the basic framework of the Faustmann model and its evolution process are made in a more detailed explanation, especially the extended model including considered silvicultural effort, tax subsidies, risk dynamic management, and forest regeneration factors are made in more detailed explanations. This article concludes with the future further research directions of forest economics, including the design of dynamic models that includes considered uneven-aged forest management, non-timber goods and services, dynamic forest models. The research reflects the general trend of interdisciplinary and cross-border.展开更多
The urban forest is the main body for the urban forestry management. There are not unified rules and standards for the planning of the urban forest yet in China. This paper discusses the planning principles of the urb...The urban forest is the main body for the urban forestry management. There are not unified rules and standards for the planning of the urban forest yet in China. This paper discusses the planning principles of the urban forest： the priority of the ecological function, the adaptation to local condilions, the optimization in the whole system, the mutual dependence of forest and city, the culturecontinuance and recreation satisfaction, sustainable development and operability, etc. This paper takes Changsha as an example to elaborate the planning principles of the urban forest. Firstly, Changsba urban forest ecosphere is composed of the eco-garden, the round-the-city forest belt, the ecological isolation belt, the green channel, the landscape of the rivers and streams, the forest park, the biodiversity reserve and the eco-forest in suburb area. It aims to make every kind of ecological essential factors organically merge into the complex city ecosystem to build an eco-city, to strengthen the connection of wide-open space with various habitats spots, to promote resident＇s accessibility, to perfect landscape ecology, and to make full use of the ecological function of urban forest. When we construct the urban forest, we must optimize the comprehensive benefit and make the urban forest structure and the layout in the best condition in order to buiM the harmonious green city for both man and nature to realize the whole optimization of the city system by the complex functions of the urban forest in ecology, environmental protection, landscape, recreation, etc.展开更多
基金part of "Investigation and evaluation on present condition of ecological environment and study on overall-planning of ecological
文摘Jilin Province is one of major forest regions of China. This paper analyzed the existing conditions and tendency in forest ecological restoration of the province and revealed the confronting problems in ecology and economy. The authors divided Jilin Province into three ecological economic zones, including nid-west farming and stockbreeding area, east hilly diversified-operation area, and Changbai Mountain national forest area, and discussed the direction and tasks of forest ecological restoration of each zone. Some Countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for restoration of forest ecology of the province.
基金This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 79930800) and Knowledge Innovation Programme of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Based on the analysis of the current situation of Chinese forestry and a series of ecological, environmental, eco-nomic, and social problems, this paper emphasized on the importance of forests in social and economic development in China The author pointed out that sustainable development, particularly the sustainable development of forestry, is the inevitable choice to solve the problems of ecological environment and social economics. The objectives, criteria, and strategies of sus-taining forestry were also demonstrated and expounded, from the viewpoints of ecology, economics, and sociology.
文摘This paper makes a brief introduction of the ecological environment, forestry achievements, and the existing questions of Jilin Province. The task of forest ecological network and eight questions demanding prompt solution were discussed based on the present situation of forestry in Jilin Province. The author also made prospects for future application of bio-technique, infor-mation technology, new material technology and nuisance-free forest health technology in forest ecological network.
基金This paper was supported by the Environmental Protection Foundation of Jiangsu Province (2000(二) 0009) National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC39970605).
文摘Taihu Lake area is one of the most developed areas in agricultural production. Application of fertilizers and pesticides in large quantities greatly aggravate environmental pollution of this area, and water pollution has worsened to an unbearable condition. Two sampling farms (respectively 1 hm2) under rape-rice rotation and wheat-rice rotation were selected as studied ecosystem and a 5-yr-old Poplar forest and 8-yr-old Metasequoia forest were chosen in the selected areas. By collecting samples of Nitrogen, Phosphorus in water, crops and underground of forest, the transfer and loss of N and P (main water pollutants) in faming ecosystem were studied, and the effects of forest belts on non-point source pollution of agricultural lands was analyzed. The results indicated that the transfer and loss of N and P vary with means of rotation, types of crops and the amount of fertilizer application. Buffering forest belts betweens farmlands and ditches can effectively stop and purify such elements as N and P in soil runoffs, thus controlling non-point source pollution of agricultural lands. When the width ratio of farmland to forest belt is 100 to 40, 50.05% losing N, 29.37% losing P can be absorbed by forest under rape-rice rotation and 30.98% N, 86.73% P can be absorbed by forest under wheat-rice rotation. When the width ratio of farmland to forest belt is 150 to 40, 33.37% losing N, 19.58% losing P can be absorbed by the forest under rape-rice rotation, and under wheat-rice rotation 20.65% lost N and 57.82% lost P can be absorbed. There is only some purification effect when the width ration of farmland to forest belt is 200 to 40. Based on model of buffering forest belts, the width ratio of farmland to forest is determined between 100 to 40 and 150 to 40, because it not only can purify water, but also occupy less farmland. It is suggested that Poplars, with the characteristics of fast-growing and high value, are suitable to be planted as shelter-forest in Taihu Lake Watershed.
文摘The World Trade Organization (WTO), an international organization to deal with the world free trade mechanism, allows for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable development and the protection of environment and trade. China, as a state member of WTO, is challenged by the WTO's agreements and the principles to guideline China sustainable forest development in the future. Forest resources in China will be protected as the basic sections of natural resources. The administrative function of Chinese government will be reformed by the condition of WTO's principles. So, the aim of China forest sustainable development is prior to deal with the relationship between the environment protection and development of economy. Under the condition of the WTO's principles and as a base on the international customary laws, the issues of China forest sustainable development focus on the China forest system reformation that applies for the China nature forest stratagem by the laws and protects the China environment for the sustainable development under the condition of science development, especially in the China forest protection and in dealing with the relationship among the environment and the economy development and others. Establishing the zoological forest industry is basic requirement by both the WTO's agreements and the WTO's principles, especially under the GATT 1947 Art XX, and other principles to protect the China forest sustainable development and to create the international environment for China forest. Keywords WTO's principles - China forest - Sustainable development CLC number S7-05 Document code B Biography: CAO Pei-zhong (1965-), male, Associate Professor of Shandong Agriculture of University. School of Laws and Literature. LLM of University of Canberra, one of ten lawyers with experience of almost ten years, sent by the Government in 2000, arbitrator and engineer. Chief of Shandong Agriculture University Laws Institution, publishing the papers abroad and in China medium At present, dealing with the project and rescarching on.international litigation, especially the WTO and EU law, is major the directionResponsible editor: Chai Ruihal
文摘Changbai Mountain forest area is not only is a national timber base but also a green ecological defense for Songliao Plain of NE China. The Natural Forest Protection Project of this area has an important bearing on the social and economic sustainable development of Jilin Province or even the whole forest area in NE China. This paper summarized general conditions of natural forest in Changbai Mountain state-owned forest area and put forward six problems need to be urgently solved and five strategic suggestions on natural forest protection and sustainable management.
文摘The Sanjiang Plain is a vast area of alluvial floodplains and low hills in northeast Heilongjiang Province. Because of the excessive land reclamation in the past, the whole forest area and the quality have decreased. In the view of sustainable development, this paper analyzed the possibilities for Non-timber Forest Product in terms of developing potentialities, markets, social effects and the status of NTFPs in several counties of Sanjiang Plain. The result showed that, active development and management for NTFPs is an optimistic option to how to balance the wetlands conservation and sustainable economic development.
基金funded by the Humanities and So-cial Sciences Youth Fund Program under Ministry of Education and the program name is "The research about risk avoidance behavior in the production process of Chinese farmers" (Grant no.09YJC790214)
文摘Chinese forest resources have become very scarce in the face of rapid economic growth demand, while the reform of collective forest right system is in full swing across the country. It will directly affect the regeneration level of forest resources and the diverse ecological value functions. In this article, the mainstream model paradigm of forest economics, that is, the basic framework of the Faustmann model and its evolution process are made in a more detailed explanation, especially the extended model including considered silvicultural effort, tax subsidies, risk dynamic management, and forest regeneration factors are made in more detailed explanations. This article concludes with the future further research directions of forest economics, including the design of dynamic models that includes considered uneven-aged forest management, non-timber goods and services, dynamic forest models. The research reflects the general trend of interdisciplinary and cross-border.
文摘The urban forest is the main body for the urban forestry management. There are not unified rules and standards for the planning of the urban forest yet in China. This paper discusses the planning principles of the urban forest： the priority of the ecological function, the adaptation to local condilions, the optimization in the whole system, the mutual dependence of forest and city, the culturecontinuance and recreation satisfaction, sustainable development and operability, etc. This paper takes Changsha as an example to elaborate the planning principles of the urban forest. Firstly, Changsba urban forest ecosphere is composed of the eco-garden, the round-the-city forest belt, the ecological isolation belt, the green channel, the landscape of the rivers and streams, the forest park, the biodiversity reserve and the eco-forest in suburb area. It aims to make every kind of ecological essential factors organically merge into the complex city ecosystem to build an eco-city, to strengthen the connection of wide-open space with various habitats spots, to promote resident＇s accessibility, to perfect landscape ecology, and to make full use of the ecological function of urban forest. When we construct the urban forest, we must optimize the comprehensive benefit and make the urban forest structure and the layout in the best condition in order to buiM the harmonious green city for both man and nature to realize the whole optimization of the city system by the complex functions of the urban forest in ecology, environmental protection, landscape, recreation, etc.
