The common topic the mankind faces in the 21^st century is to strengthen construction and support the ecological secure. It is also the needs of establlshing socialist harmonious society in China. It is an arduous sys...The common topic the mankind faces in the 21^st century is to strengthen construction and support the ecological secure. It is also the needs of establlshing socialist harmonious society in China. It is an arduous systematic project in ethnic group regions of China to realize economic and sodal sustainable development,promote the harmony between man and nature andrealize the coordination among the economic development population, natural resources and envinonment To develop ecosystem construction and the green indutry well is the basic path to realize the above goals. Huanren Manchu Autonomous County in Liaoning Province is abundant in forests, especially local products, medicinal materials, tourism resource, water resources and culotte resources. In order to develop its ecosystem, the strategies should be focused on enhancing protection consciousaess, brand consciousness, science and technology consciousoess and market consciousness. The ultimate purpose is to create the top-ranking ecosystem environment, industry system, policy systern and district civilization.展开更多
The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting market participation of agro-forestry smallholder farmers in Uganda. Primary data on household, farm and marketing characteristics were collected from 153 far...The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting market participation of agro-forestry smallholder farmers in Uganda. Primary data on household, farm and marketing characteristics were collected from 153 farming households using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The determinants of market participation were assessed using the Probit model. Descriptive statistics showed that a combination of crop, livestock and tree products were marketed by farmers. The main products included maize, cassava and coffee （crops）; firewood and poles （tree products）; and birds and goats （livestock products）. Results from the Probit model showed that farm size, household size, education level, access to credit and extension visits had positive and statistically significant effects on market participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets. Age of farmer had a negative and statistically significant effect on the participation. Emphasis on improving the quality and coverage of extension services, extending credit facilities to farmers and intensifying agro-forestry training among farmers are suggested as avenues to enhance participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets.展开更多
Implement agricultural ＂going out＂ strategy, guide and promote agricultural enterprises＇ higher and wider participation in international agricultural division of labor and cooperation, foster transnational agricult...Implement agricultural ＂going out＂ strategy, guide and promote agricultural enterprises＇ higher and wider participation in international agricultural division of labor and cooperation, foster transnational agricultural groups, which will help to speed up China＇s agricultural industrialization, internationalization and modernization, the promotion of domestic strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, the optimization and upgrading. Jilin Province shall make an integrated use of a variety of ways to strengthen the development strength of overseas market of agricultural resources and agricultural products, promote improved varieties, superior agricultural technology, equipment and agricultural products to ＂walk out＂, establish foreign grain, important industrial crop and fishery production base and independent logistics and trade system, and continuously improve the international competitiveness of China＇s agriculture. This thesis discusses the current research of overseas agriculture development and the major ways of the construction of Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park in Jilin Province. It also proposes the measures to accelerate the implementation of the development of Jilin Province Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park.展开更多
This study was conducted in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Delta State. The major objective is to ascertain the forest dependent survival strategies of rural women in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Del...This study was conducted in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Delta State. The major objective is to ascertain the forest dependent survival strategies of rural women in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Delta State. The specific objectives are to ascertain the socio- economic characteristics of the women, find out the forest based activities of the women, identify what they do with products collected from the forest, establish how much income they make from such products weekly and identify the challenges of these women in exploiting forest for survival. Ten villages were selected and from the selected communities, 15 women were randomly selected in each community to give 150 respondents. From the result of the survey about 96.0% of the respondents had household sizes of between 6-10 persons. Women collect many forest products which include seeds, herbs, honey, mushroom, fuel wood, snails, stimulants, bitter kola, pear, raffia leaves （fronds）, edible worms, wrapping leaves, spices, bush mango, locust beans, wild fruits, leaves, fuel wood, snails, mushrooms and fruits. Some of the forest products are used for income generation only, some for household use, while others are used for both income generation and household use. The major constraint is the decline in the availability of forest products as a result of deforestation, over exploitation, bush burning and long distance to available forests. The study shows that forest products play a significant role in improving the livelihood of rural people. Rural development and future forest conservation strategies and interventions should pay attention to the contribution of forest products to people＇s livelihood and environmental sustainability.展开更多
Aims Understanding variation and coordination of leaf traits at multiscales along elevational gradients can help predict the likely responses of dominant species to climate change.We seek to determine the extent to wh...Aims Understanding variation and coordination of leaf traits at multiscales along elevational gradients can help predict the likely responses of dominant species to climate change.We seek to determine the extent to which variation in leaf stomatal,anatomical and morphological traits is associated with environmental factors,and whether ecological strategies of Cyclobalanopsis species shift with elevations.Methods In a tropical forest landscape in Jianfengling,South China,we determined leaf traits related to stomata,anatomy and morphology of six evergreen oak species(Cyclobalanopsis bambusaefolia,C.hui,C.patelliformis,C.fleuryi,C.tiaoloshanica and C.phanera)along a long elevational gradient(400–1400 m above sea level).Important Findings We found that stomatal density and stomatal pore index increased,whereas spongy mesophyll thickness to leaf thickness ratios decreased,significantly with elevation.The leaf area and leaf dry matter content increased and decreased,respectively,with elevation.Variations in stomatal,anatomical and morphological traits were mainly correlated to the mean annual temperature,mean annual sum precipitation and soil pH.At low and high elevations,the oak species exhibited strong stress tolerance combined with competition strategy,while they shifted toward more clearly the competitive strategy at intermediate elevations.And the changes in soil phosphorus concentration and soil pH along the elevation may drive the shift of ecological strategy.The results showed that the dominant oak species in tropical forests respond to environmental change by modulating traits at multiple levels,from that of the individual cell,through tissue and up to the whole leaf scale.展开更多
Forestry industry is an important commonweal and fundamental industry. Forestry enterprises take the burden of ecological construction and supply of forest products, and economical benefits, ecological benefits, and s...Forestry industry is an important commonweal and fundamental industry. Forestry enterprises take the burden of ecological construction and supply of forest products, and economical benefits, ecological benefits, and social benefits as well. However, electronic-business (e-business), as a completely new business operation model, will bring great opportunities and challenges to forestry enterprises. On the basis of simple analysis of e-business conception model, the internal and external environment for forestry enterprises to develop e-business was thoroughly analysed and researched , and finally effective strategic options were proposed.展开更多
Tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBFs)and needle-leaved forests(ENFs)in China exhibit complex leaf shedding strategies in responses to soil water availability,vapor pressure deficits(VPDs)and su...Tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBFs)and needle-leaved forests(ENFs)in China exhibit complex leaf shedding strategies in responses to soil water availability,vapor pressure deficits(VPDs)and sunlight availability.However,the seasonal variations and triggers of litterfall differ significantly in tropical/subtropical forests,and there are still many uncertainties.Herein,we aim to explore the distinct climatic factors of seasonal litterfall in a climate–phenology correlation framework.We collected seasonal litterfall data from 85 sites across tropical/subtropical China and used linear correlation coefficients between sunlight and rainfall to partition synchronous/asynchronous climates.Additional phase analysis and structural equation model analysis were conducted to model the climatic triggers of tropical phenology.Results indicated two types of tropical litterfall phenology under two types of climates.In synchronous climates,where seasonal sunlight and rainfall are positively correlated,the litterfall peak of the unimodal phenology and the first litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology both happen at the end of dry season.The second litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology occurs at the end of rainy season due to water stress.In asynchronous climates,where seasonal sunlight and rainfall are negatively correlated,VPD shows consistent seasonal variations with incoming sunlight.The leaf senescence is accelerated at the end of dry season by higher VPD;while soil water deficit is in anti-phase with sunlight and mainly controls the second litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology in EBF.Our findings provide an important reference for modeling tropical phenology in Earth system models.展开更多
China is facing new challenges of urban expansion of scale and deterioration of the ecological environment. Urban forestry has a new role and position in Chinese forestry development. “Chinese Sustainable Development...China is facing new challenges of urban expansion of scale and deterioration of the ecological environment. Urban forestry has a new role and position in Chinese forestry development. “Chinese Sustainable Development Forestry Strategic Research” established the strategic objectives and policy measures on urban forestry, improved urban ecological environmentand pushed Chinese urban ecological processthrough building up green forestisland in urban central district, green forest zone in suburbs, forest system in remoter outskirts of cities.展开更多
This article grasps the implication of ecology based on thetheory ofgreenway. With the purposeofmaking Zhejiang Provincebecomeanecological province,itpointsoutthattheproblems exist in the greenway construction and mak...This article grasps the implication of ecology based on thetheory ofgreenway. With the purposeofmaking Zhejiang Provincebecomeanecological province,itpointsoutthattheproblems exist in the greenway construction and makes it clear that the greenway construction is very important. Furthermore, in combination with the linear green open spaces, such as greening passages, touristareas, and administration facilitiesin Zhejiang Province, this article putsforward the strategic ideas of the greenways construction and the strategies, measures to apply the greenways construction.展开更多
文摘The common topic the mankind faces in the 21^st century is to strengthen construction and support the ecological secure. It is also the needs of establlshing socialist harmonious society in China. It is an arduous systematic project in ethnic group regions of China to realize economic and sodal sustainable development,promote the harmony between man and nature andrealize the coordination among the economic development population, natural resources and envinonment To develop ecosystem construction and the green indutry well is the basic path to realize the above goals. Huanren Manchu Autonomous County in Liaoning Province is abundant in forests, especially local products, medicinal materials, tourism resource, water resources and culotte resources. In order to develop its ecosystem, the strategies should be focused on enhancing protection consciousaess, brand consciousness, science and technology consciousoess and market consciousness. The ultimate purpose is to create the top-ranking ecosystem environment, industry system, policy systern and district civilization.
文摘The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting market participation of agro-forestry smallholder farmers in Uganda. Primary data on household, farm and marketing characteristics were collected from 153 farming households using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The determinants of market participation were assessed using the Probit model. Descriptive statistics showed that a combination of crop, livestock and tree products were marketed by farmers. The main products included maize, cassava and coffee （crops）; firewood and poles （tree products）; and birds and goats （livestock products）. Results from the Probit model showed that farm size, household size, education level, access to credit and extension visits had positive and statistically significant effects on market participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets. Age of farmer had a negative and statistically significant effect on the participation. Emphasis on improving the quality and coverage of extension services, extending credit facilities to farmers and intensifying agro-forestry training among farmers are suggested as avenues to enhance participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets.
文摘Implement agricultural ＂going out＂ strategy, guide and promote agricultural enterprises＇ higher and wider participation in international agricultural division of labor and cooperation, foster transnational agricultural groups, which will help to speed up China＇s agricultural industrialization, internationalization and modernization, the promotion of domestic strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, the optimization and upgrading. Jilin Province shall make an integrated use of a variety of ways to strengthen the development strength of overseas market of agricultural resources and agricultural products, promote improved varieties, superior agricultural technology, equipment and agricultural products to ＂walk out＂, establish foreign grain, important industrial crop and fishery production base and independent logistics and trade system, and continuously improve the international competitiveness of China＇s agriculture. This thesis discusses the current research of overseas agriculture development and the major ways of the construction of Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park in Jilin Province. It also proposes the measures to accelerate the implementation of the development of Jilin Province Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park.
文摘This study was conducted in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Delta State. The major objective is to ascertain the forest dependent survival strategies of rural women in Aniocha South Local Government Area of Delta State. The specific objectives are to ascertain the socio- economic characteristics of the women, find out the forest based activities of the women, identify what they do with products collected from the forest, establish how much income they make from such products weekly and identify the challenges of these women in exploiting forest for survival. Ten villages were selected and from the selected communities, 15 women were randomly selected in each community to give 150 respondents. From the result of the survey about 96.0% of the respondents had household sizes of between 6-10 persons. Women collect many forest products which include seeds, herbs, honey, mushroom, fuel wood, snails, stimulants, bitter kola, pear, raffia leaves （fronds）, edible worms, wrapping leaves, spices, bush mango, locust beans, wild fruits, leaves, fuel wood, snails, mushrooms and fruits. Some of the forest products are used for income generation only, some for household use, while others are used for both income generation and household use. The major constraint is the decline in the availability of forest products as a result of deforestation, over exploitation, bush burning and long distance to available forests. The study shows that forest products play a significant role in improving the livelihood of rural people. Rural development and future forest conservation strategies and interventions should pay attention to the contribution of forest products to people＇s livelihood and environmental sustainability.
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771522 and 41773071)the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(GML2019ZD0408)+1 种基金the Biological Resources Service Network Initiative of Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSSD-007)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS.
文摘Aims Understanding variation and coordination of leaf traits at multiscales along elevational gradients can help predict the likely responses of dominant species to climate change.We seek to determine the extent to which variation in leaf stomatal,anatomical and morphological traits is associated with environmental factors,and whether ecological strategies of Cyclobalanopsis species shift with elevations.Methods In a tropical forest landscape in Jianfengling,South China,we determined leaf traits related to stomata,anatomy and morphology of six evergreen oak species(Cyclobalanopsis bambusaefolia,C.hui,C.patelliformis,C.fleuryi,C.tiaoloshanica and C.phanera)along a long elevational gradient(400–1400 m above sea level).Important Findings We found that stomatal density and stomatal pore index increased,whereas spongy mesophyll thickness to leaf thickness ratios decreased,significantly with elevation.The leaf area and leaf dry matter content increased and decreased,respectively,with elevation.Variations in stomatal,anatomical and morphological traits were mainly correlated to the mean annual temperature,mean annual sum precipitation and soil pH.At low and high elevations,the oak species exhibited strong stress tolerance combined with competition strategy,while they shifted toward more clearly the competitive strategy at intermediate elevations.And the changes in soil phosphorus concentration and soil pH along the elevation may drive the shift of ecological strategy.The results showed that the dominant oak species in tropical forests respond to environmental change by modulating traits at multiple levels,from that of the individual cell,through tissue and up to the whole leaf scale.
文摘Forestry industry is an important commonweal and fundamental industry. Forestry enterprises take the burden of ecological construction and supply of forest products, and economical benefits, ecological benefits, and social benefits as well. However, electronic-business (e-business), as a completely new business operation model, will bring great opportunities and challenges to forestry enterprises. On the basis of simple analysis of e-business conception model, the internal and external environment for forestry enterprises to develop e-business was thoroughly analysed and researched , and finally effective strategic options were proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 31971458 and 41971275)Special High-Level Plan Project of Guangdong Province(grant number 2016TQ03Z354)+1 种基金Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province(grant number 2021KJCX003)‘GDAS’Project of Science and Technology Development(grant numbers 2020GDASYL-20200302001,2020GDASYL-20200102002).
文摘Tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBFs)and needle-leaved forests(ENFs)in China exhibit complex leaf shedding strategies in responses to soil water availability,vapor pressure deficits(VPDs)and sunlight availability.However,the seasonal variations and triggers of litterfall differ significantly in tropical/subtropical forests,and there are still many uncertainties.Herein,we aim to explore the distinct climatic factors of seasonal litterfall in a climate–phenology correlation framework.We collected seasonal litterfall data from 85 sites across tropical/subtropical China and used linear correlation coefficients between sunlight and rainfall to partition synchronous/asynchronous climates.Additional phase analysis and structural equation model analysis were conducted to model the climatic triggers of tropical phenology.Results indicated two types of tropical litterfall phenology under two types of climates.In synchronous climates,where seasonal sunlight and rainfall are positively correlated,the litterfall peak of the unimodal phenology and the first litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology both happen at the end of dry season.The second litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology occurs at the end of rainy season due to water stress.In asynchronous climates,where seasonal sunlight and rainfall are negatively correlated,VPD shows consistent seasonal variations with incoming sunlight.The leaf senescence is accelerated at the end of dry season by higher VPD;while soil water deficit is in anti-phase with sunlight and mainly controls the second litterfall peak of the bimodal phenology in EBF.Our findings provide an important reference for modeling tropical phenology in Earth system models.
文摘China is facing new challenges of urban expansion of scale and deterioration of the ecological environment. Urban forestry has a new role and position in Chinese forestry development. “Chinese Sustainable Development Forestry Strategic Research” established the strategic objectives and policy measures on urban forestry, improved urban ecological environmentand pushed Chinese urban ecological processthrough building up green forestisland in urban central district, green forest zone in suburbs, forest system in remoter outskirts of cities.
文摘This article grasps the implication of ecology based on thetheory ofgreenway. With the purposeofmaking Zhejiang Provincebecomeanecological province,itpointsoutthattheproblems exist in the greenway construction and makes it clear that the greenway construction is very important. Furthermore, in combination with the linear green open spaces, such as greening passages, touristareas, and administration facilitiesin Zhejiang Province, this article putsforward the strategic ideas of the greenways construction and the strategies, measures to apply the greenways construction.
