This paper describes the geographical distribution, utilization, cultural value and ex-situ conservation of bamboo resources in Xishuangbanna, Yunan Province, China. Sixty species of bamboo in 19 genera are recorded i...This paper describes the geographical distribution, utilization, cultural value and ex-situ conservation of bamboo resources in Xishuangbanna, Yunan Province, China. Sixty species of bamboo in 19 genera are recorded in Xishuangbanna. The area of natural bamboo forest is 14319 ha, accounting for 5.92% of whole area of Xishuangbanna. The abundant resource of bamboo plays an important role in the economics and culture of national minorities in Xishuangbanna. Xishuangbanna Tropic Botanic Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）, started to introduce bamboo species in 1961 and established the ex-situ conservation reserve （8 ha） of bamboo in 1981. Up to now, 211 species in 27 genera collected from tropic and sub-tropic of China and South-east Asia have been planted in the bamboo reserve, of which 11 species have bloomed and seeded, and their seeds were cultivated in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Gardens, CAS, China.展开更多
The endangered giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is endemic to th e mountains of Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces in China. The species had nu mbered over 2000 animals in early 1970s, but declined to no more th...The endangered giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is endemic to th e mountains of Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces in China. The species had nu mbered over 2000 animals in early 1970s, but declined to no more than 1,000 anim als fragmented into perhaps 32 subpopulations in late 1990s as the result of num erous detrimental forces such as habitat shrinking, poaching and bamboo flowerin g. The mass flowering and followed die-off of bamboo played key roles in the dec lination of panda population in the past three decades. It trigged the starvatio n and following high mortality of giant pandas in 1970s over Min Mountains and i n 1980s across Qionglai Mountains in Sichuan Province. The situation of survivor ship is made worse by the fact that the panda habitat is fragmented into many sm all 'islands', each containing only a few pandas. Such small, isolated panda pop ulations are rendered even more vulnerable to extinction form threats such as ha bitat degradation, natural disaster, disease, and the deleterious effects of inb reeding. So restoring the panda habitat and reintroduction pandas to their histo rical habitat might be an important issue for protecting the giant panda in wild .展开更多
In the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve of Central China, the vegetative growth behavior of henon bamboo （Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis （Mitford） Stapf. ex Rendle） was studied from shoot recruitment to culm ...In the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve of Central China, the vegetative growth behavior of henon bamboo （Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis （Mitford） Stapf. ex Rendle） was studied from shoot recruitment to culm establishment. In May, bamboo shoots emerg- ing from the ground achieved an average density of 2.7 shoots m^-2 during the sprouting phase of 16 days. However, about 32% of the new shoots died back before maturity. Insect damage, withering death and rodent predation were responsible for 57%, 29 % and 14% of the total shoot mortality, respectively. From May to June, the shoots attained 400 ± 23 cm during the height growth phase of 34 days, with a daily rate varying from 1 to 56 cm. All branches and leaves unfolded during the branch spreading phase from June to August. Shoot production was positively related to the density of standing culms, but negatively to both coverage and height of herb layers.展开更多
Bamboo is dosdy related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed tiie application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in tra...Bamboo is dosdy related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed tiie application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in traditional gardens and cenew Chinese-styie＂ gardens, and summarised the application method of bamboo elements in the Wnew Chinese-style＂ landscape from three aspects of modern constitution techniques, texture blending, and landscape continuation and softening, and put forward the development and application directions of bamboo elements.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to systematically investigate the cultivated characters of Nandina domestica and to lay a foundatiQn for breeding, cultivating, as well as its application in landscape. [ Method] Using N. do...[Objective] This study was to systematically investigate the cultivated characters of Nandina domestica and to lay a foundatiQn for breeding, cultivating, as well as its application in landscape. [ Method] Using N. domestica populations from 13 different areas of Hunan Province as tested samples, the cultivated characters of N. domestica in both the cultivated type and wild type were systematically studied through field experiment and comparative analysis. [Resul ] The phenological features of N. domestica from different areas and germplasm resources were basically identical; the growth patterns of cultivated type and wild type were also basically identical, but the cultivated type grew faster than the wild type; both the two types grew quickly at young stage, and either the annual growth of new shoots or the growth pattern of leaves confirmed the fitting curve of the Logistic equation. [ Conclusion ] This research provided basis for the exploitation and utilization the germplasm resources of IV. domestica.展开更多
Five hundred samples ofDonax spp. were collected from five beaches （Khao Tao, Sea Pine Garden, Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod, and Sam Phraya） in Prachaupkhirikhan province, Thailand. Five morphological variable...Five hundred samples ofDonax spp. were collected from five beaches （Khao Tao, Sea Pine Garden, Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod, and Sam Phraya） in Prachaupkhirikhan province, Thailand. Five morphological variables of each individual were measured and analyzed to reveal morphological variation. The discriminant function analysis of morphology suggested a clear separation into two groups. The individuals from Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden were grouped together while individuals from Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod and Sam Phraya were classified into the same group. The classification function of discriminant function analysis suggested that 70% of Khao Tao population, 70% of Sea Pine Garden population, 67% of Pran Buri Forest Park population, 64% of Sam Roi Yod population and 34% of Sam Phraya population of Donax spp. could be correctly reassigned by morphology. The misclassification individuals of Sam Phraya population were assigned to Pran Buri Forest Park and Sam Roi Yod population with the correct assignment 38% and 27%, respectively. The results obtained in this study based on morphological variation indicated that Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden populations ofDonax spp. should be treated as separated units from the other three populations for conservation management. However, the result should be confirmed again as genetic level.展开更多
National forest inventory materials and data from China Forest Ecosystem Location Research Network （CFERN） were obtained for estimating four periods of carbon storage of Bamboo forest ecosystem from 1977 to 2003 in ...National forest inventory materials and data from China Forest Ecosystem Location Research Network （CFERN） were obtained for estimating four periods of carbon storage of Bamboo forest ecosystem from 1977 to 2003 in China. The spatial and temporal patterns, vertical distribution and potential carbon storage of the bamboo forest ecosystem were analyzed. The results showed that carbon storage of Chinese bamboo forest ecosystem was 537.6 Mt C during 1977 and 1981, 598.61 Mt C during 1984 and 1988, 710.14 Mt C during 1994 and 1998, and 837.92 Mt C during 1999 and 2003. It showed that the carbon storage was increasing during that time. Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong and Sichuan were the major carbon pools in China, with the percentages of carbon storage between 80.04 and 83.13 percent in all. The percentages of carbon storage of vegetation, litter, and soil were between 23.85 and 24.48 percent, between 0.92 and 0.96 percent, and between 74.56 and 75.23 percent respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the carbon storage in different layers were similar vertically. Carbon storage was 837.92 Mt C from 1999 to 2003, and it will be increased to 947.54 Mt C after one age period with a rate of 54.81Mt carbons stored in ecosystem every year.展开更多
基金The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (2004DKA30400-05-01-02)
文摘This paper describes the geographical distribution, utilization, cultural value and ex-situ conservation of bamboo resources in Xishuangbanna, Yunan Province, China. Sixty species of bamboo in 19 genera are recorded in Xishuangbanna. The area of natural bamboo forest is 14319 ha, accounting for 5.92% of whole area of Xishuangbanna. The abundant resource of bamboo plays an important role in the economics and culture of national minorities in Xishuangbanna. Xishuangbanna Tropic Botanic Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）, started to introduce bamboo species in 1961 and established the ex-situ conservation reserve （8 ha） of bamboo in 1981. Up to now, 211 species in 27 genera collected from tropic and sub-tropic of China and South-east Asia have been planted in the bamboo reserve, of which 11 species have bloomed and seeded, and their seeds were cultivated in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Gardens, CAS, China.
文摘The endangered giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is endemic to th e mountains of Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces in China. The species had nu mbered over 2000 animals in early 1970s, but declined to no more than 1,000 anim als fragmented into perhaps 32 subpopulations in late 1990s as the result of num erous detrimental forces such as habitat shrinking, poaching and bamboo flowerin g. The mass flowering and followed die-off of bamboo played key roles in the dec lination of panda population in the past three decades. It trigged the starvatio n and following high mortality of giant pandas in 1970s over Min Mountains and i n 1980s across Qionglai Mountains in Sichuan Province. The situation of survivor ship is made worse by the fact that the panda habitat is fragmented into many sm all 'islands', each containing only a few pandas. Such small, isolated panda pop ulations are rendered even more vulnerable to extinction form threats such as ha bitat degradation, natural disaster, disease, and the deleterious effects of inb reeding. So restoring the panda habitat and reintroduction pandas to their histo rical habitat might be an important issue for protecting the giant panda in wild .
基金This research was financed by the Center for Development Research （ZEF） of the University of Bonn, Germany （P. 52015l, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30470284l and the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned 0verseas Chinese Scholars （No. 2004-527）.
文摘In the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve of Central China, the vegetative growth behavior of henon bamboo （Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis （Mitford） Stapf. ex Rendle） was studied from shoot recruitment to culm establishment. In May, bamboo shoots emerg- ing from the ground achieved an average density of 2.7 shoots m^-2 during the sprouting phase of 16 days. However, about 32% of the new shoots died back before maturity. Insect damage, withering death and rodent predation were responsible for 57%, 29 % and 14% of the total shoot mortality, respectively. From May to June, the shoots attained 400 ± 23 cm during the height growth phase of 34 days, with a daily rate varying from 1 to 56 cm. All branches and leaves unfolded during the branch spreading phase from June to August. Shoot production was positively related to the density of standing culms, but negatively to both coverage and height of herb layers.
文摘Bamboo is dosdy related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed tiie application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in traditional gardens and cenew Chinese-styie＂ gardens, and summarised the application method of bamboo elements in the Wnew Chinese-style＂ landscape from three aspects of modern constitution techniques, texture blending, and landscape continuation and softening, and put forward the development and application directions of bamboo elements.
文摘[Objective] This study was to systematically investigate the cultivated characters of Nandina domestica and to lay a foundatiQn for breeding, cultivating, as well as its application in landscape. [ Method] Using N. domestica populations from 13 different areas of Hunan Province as tested samples, the cultivated characters of N. domestica in both the cultivated type and wild type were systematically studied through field experiment and comparative analysis. [Resul ] The phenological features of N. domestica from different areas and germplasm resources were basically identical; the growth patterns of cultivated type and wild type were also basically identical, but the cultivated type grew faster than the wild type; both the two types grew quickly at young stage, and either the annual growth of new shoots or the growth pattern of leaves confirmed the fitting curve of the Logistic equation. [ Conclusion ] This research provided basis for the exploitation and utilization the germplasm resources of IV. domestica.
文摘Five hundred samples ofDonax spp. were collected from five beaches （Khao Tao, Sea Pine Garden, Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod, and Sam Phraya） in Prachaupkhirikhan province, Thailand. Five morphological variables of each individual were measured and analyzed to reveal morphological variation. The discriminant function analysis of morphology suggested a clear separation into two groups. The individuals from Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden were grouped together while individuals from Pran Buri Forest Park, Sam Roi Yod and Sam Phraya were classified into the same group. The classification function of discriminant function analysis suggested that 70% of Khao Tao population, 70% of Sea Pine Garden population, 67% of Pran Buri Forest Park population, 64% of Sam Roi Yod population and 34% of Sam Phraya population of Donax spp. could be correctly reassigned by morphology. The misclassification individuals of Sam Phraya population were assigned to Pran Buri Forest Park and Sam Roi Yod population with the correct assignment 38% and 27%, respectively. The results obtained in this study based on morphological variation indicated that Khao Tao and Sea Pine Garden populations ofDonax spp. should be treated as separated units from the other three populations for conservation management. However, the result should be confirmed again as genetic level.
文摘National forest inventory materials and data from China Forest Ecosystem Location Research Network （CFERN） were obtained for estimating four periods of carbon storage of Bamboo forest ecosystem from 1977 to 2003 in China. The spatial and temporal patterns, vertical distribution and potential carbon storage of the bamboo forest ecosystem were analyzed. The results showed that carbon storage of Chinese bamboo forest ecosystem was 537.6 Mt C during 1977 and 1981, 598.61 Mt C during 1984 and 1988, 710.14 Mt C during 1994 and 1998, and 837.92 Mt C during 1999 and 2003. It showed that the carbon storage was increasing during that time. Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong and Sichuan were the major carbon pools in China, with the percentages of carbon storage between 80.04 and 83.13 percent in all. The percentages of carbon storage of vegetation, litter, and soil were between 23.85 and 24.48 percent, between 0.92 and 0.96 percent, and between 74.56 and 75.23 percent respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the carbon storage in different layers were similar vertically. Carbon storage was 837.92 Mt C from 1999 to 2003, and it will be increased to 947.54 Mt C after one age period with a rate of 54.81Mt carbons stored in ecosystem every year.
