To show the vegetation succession interaction with soil properties, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in different soil layers (0-60 cm) were determined in six lands, i.e., 2-, 7-, 11-, 20-...To show the vegetation succession interaction with soil properties, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in different soil layers (0-60 cm) were determined in six lands, i.e., 2-, 7-, 11-, 20-, and 43-year-old abandoned lands and one native grassland, in a semiarid hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the successional time and soil depths affected soil microbiological parameters significantly. In 20-cm soil layer, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), MBC/MBN, MBC to soil organic carbon ratio (MBC/SOC), and soil basal respiration tended to increase with successional stages but decrease with soil depths. In contrast, metabolic quotient (qCO2) tended to decrease with successional stages but increase with soil depths. In addition, the activities of urease, catalase, neutral phosphatase, β-fructofuranosidase, and earboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enzyme increased with successional stages and soil depths. They were significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass and SOC (P 〈 0.5), whereas no obvious trend was observed for the polyphenoloxidase activity. The results indicated that natural vegetation succession could improve soil quality and promote ecosystem restoration, but it needed a long time under local climate conditions.展开更多
目的 探讨巴戟天寡糖对环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导骨质疏松雄性小鼠氧化应激指标和股骨组织形态的影响,并探析炮制工艺对巴戟天寡糖成分及效用的影响。方法 对巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖中成分进行提取分离并验证。将雄性昆明...目的 探讨巴戟天寡糖对环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导骨质疏松雄性小鼠氧化应激指标和股骨组织形态的影响,并探析炮制工艺对巴戟天寡糖成分及效用的影响。方法 对巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖中成分进行提取分离并验证。将雄性昆明小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、维生素D(5μg/kg)组及巴戟天寡糖低、高剂量(50、200 mg/kg)组和酒巴戟天寡糖低、高剂量(50、200 mg/kg)组。除对照组外,其余小鼠连续15 d ig CTX(4.5 mg/kg)制备骨质疏松模型,造模结束后,给予相应药物干预4周,测定各组小鼠血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)水平;采用Micro-CT对股骨远端骨微结构进行分析;采用三点弯曲法测定骨生物力学参数;制片测量骨组织形态计量学参数。结果 巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖的6种寡糖成分的含量不同,巴戟天寡糖中D-果糖、蔗糖、1-蔗果三糖、耐斯糖、1F-果呋喃糖基耐斯糖的含量较酒巴戟天寡糖更多,而酒巴戟天寡糖中D(+)-无水葡萄糖的含量更多。与模型组相比,巴戟天寡糖低剂量组小鼠股骨的骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);骨生物力学参数改善(P<0.05、0.01);血清MDA水平降低(P<0.05);松质骨的骨小梁面积比(percentage of trabecular bone area,Tb.Ar)、荧光标记周长比(percentage of fluorescent label perimeter,L.Pm)、骨矿化沉积率(mineral apposition rate,MAR)及骨形成率(bone formation rate to bone volume,BFR/BV)显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),骨小梁分离度(trabecular separation,Tb.Sp)和破骨细胞数目(number of osteoclast,OC.N)显著降低(P<0.01);皮质骨的MAR显著降低(P<0.05),BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.01)。巴戟天寡糖高剂量组小鼠骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);血清中CAT活性显著升高(P<0.01);松质骨组织中Tb.Ar显著升高(P<0.05),Tb.Sp显著降低(P<0.05)。酒巴戟天寡糖低剂量组小鼠骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);骨生物力学参数改善(P<0.05);血清GSH-Px活性升高(P<0.01);松质骨的Tb.Ar、L.Pm、MAR及BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),Tb.Sp和OC.N显著降低(P<0.05、0.01);皮质骨的MAR显著降低(P<0.05),BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.05)。酒巴戟天寡糖高剂量组小鼠血清中CAT活性显著升高(P<0.01),对于骨结构改变则无明显影响作用。结论不同炮制工艺会影响巴戟天寡糖的成分含量。巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖均能不同程度地改善氧化应激指标,但低剂量的巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖对于改善CTX引起的骨质疏松的作用更为显著。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China (No. 2007CB106804)the PhD candidate Training Program (No. 20060730027)+1 种基金the "111" Project from the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)the Ministry of Education of China
文摘To show the vegetation succession interaction with soil properties, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in different soil layers (0-60 cm) were determined in six lands, i.e., 2-, 7-, 11-, 20-, and 43-year-old abandoned lands and one native grassland, in a semiarid hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the successional time and soil depths affected soil microbiological parameters significantly. In 20-cm soil layer, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), MBC/MBN, MBC to soil organic carbon ratio (MBC/SOC), and soil basal respiration tended to increase with successional stages but decrease with soil depths. In contrast, metabolic quotient (qCO2) tended to decrease with successional stages but increase with soil depths. In addition, the activities of urease, catalase, neutral phosphatase, β-fructofuranosidase, and earboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enzyme increased with successional stages and soil depths. They were significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass and SOC (P 〈 0.5), whereas no obvious trend was observed for the polyphenoloxidase activity. The results indicated that natural vegetation succession could improve soil quality and promote ecosystem restoration, but it needed a long time under local climate conditions.
文摘目的 探讨巴戟天寡糖对环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导骨质疏松雄性小鼠氧化应激指标和股骨组织形态的影响,并探析炮制工艺对巴戟天寡糖成分及效用的影响。方法 对巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖中成分进行提取分离并验证。将雄性昆明小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、维生素D(5μg/kg)组及巴戟天寡糖低、高剂量(50、200 mg/kg)组和酒巴戟天寡糖低、高剂量(50、200 mg/kg)组。除对照组外,其余小鼠连续15 d ig CTX(4.5 mg/kg)制备骨质疏松模型,造模结束后,给予相应药物干预4周,测定各组小鼠血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)水平;采用Micro-CT对股骨远端骨微结构进行分析;采用三点弯曲法测定骨生物力学参数;制片测量骨组织形态计量学参数。结果 巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖的6种寡糖成分的含量不同,巴戟天寡糖中D-果糖、蔗糖、1-蔗果三糖、耐斯糖、1F-果呋喃糖基耐斯糖的含量较酒巴戟天寡糖更多,而酒巴戟天寡糖中D(+)-无水葡萄糖的含量更多。与模型组相比,巴戟天寡糖低剂量组小鼠股骨的骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);骨生物力学参数改善(P<0.05、0.01);血清MDA水平降低(P<0.05);松质骨的骨小梁面积比(percentage of trabecular bone area,Tb.Ar)、荧光标记周长比(percentage of fluorescent label perimeter,L.Pm)、骨矿化沉积率(mineral apposition rate,MAR)及骨形成率(bone formation rate to bone volume,BFR/BV)显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),骨小梁分离度(trabecular separation,Tb.Sp)和破骨细胞数目(number of osteoclast,OC.N)显著降低(P<0.01);皮质骨的MAR显著降低(P<0.05),BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.01)。巴戟天寡糖高剂量组小鼠骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);血清中CAT活性显著升高(P<0.01);松质骨组织中Tb.Ar显著升高(P<0.05),Tb.Sp显著降低(P<0.05)。酒巴戟天寡糖低剂量组小鼠骨密度显著增加(P<0.01);骨生物力学参数改善(P<0.05);血清GSH-Px活性升高(P<0.01);松质骨的Tb.Ar、L.Pm、MAR及BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),Tb.Sp和OC.N显著降低(P<0.05、0.01);皮质骨的MAR显著降低(P<0.05),BFR/BV显著升高(P<0.05)。酒巴戟天寡糖高剂量组小鼠血清中CAT活性显著升高(P<0.01),对于骨结构改变则无明显影响作用。结论不同炮制工艺会影响巴戟天寡糖的成分含量。巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖均能不同程度地改善氧化应激指标,但低剂量的巴戟天寡糖及酒巴戟天寡糖对于改善CTX引起的骨质疏松的作用更为显著。