连续环状色谱分离果糖-葡萄糖的研究

用静态法研究了果糖、葡萄糖及果糖－ 葡萄糖混合溶液的吸附相平衡关系， 发现在实验范围内吸附等温线是线性的； 研究了连续环状色谱（ＣＡＣ） 对果糖－ 葡萄糖的分离性能； 测定了不同操作条件下果葡糖在连续环状色谱上的流出曲线， 建立了数学模型以进行理论预测，

葡萄糖-果糖比对发酵停滞的影响及其预防、重启策略

通过分析发酵停滞的葡萄酒中残糖含量发现,绝大多数情况下残糖以果糖为主,即有极低的葡萄糖-果糖比。在重启发酵停滞的葡萄酒时,最好先从中分离除去死酵母,然后重新接种活性酵母,并将温度升高至22℃以上。酵母可选择酿酒酵母(Saccharmyces cerevisiae)或贝酵母(Scaaharomyces bayanus)。

外源糖对‘媚丽’葡萄酒发酵品质的影响

以酿酒葡萄品种‘媚丽’为试材,向葡萄汁中添加不同比例的葡萄糖和果糖,对发酵过程进行监控;通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)及气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对酒样中的挥发性与非挥发性物质进行测定,调查葡萄汁中添加外源糖比例对酒精发酵进程及葡萄酒品质的影响。结果表明,葡萄糖含量直接影响酒精发酵速度;添加不同比例葡萄糖-果糖影响葡萄酒中的黄烷-3-醇、酚酸和黄酮醇含量;葡萄糖添加量越高,花色苷总含量越高;果糖比例越高,酒中香气物质种类越丰富。不同添加比例对发酵特性和风味品质均有重要影响,葡萄糖与果糖比例为1∶3时,在降低葡萄酒苦涩口感的同时能提高花色苷含量,产生更加复杂的香气,对葡萄酒品质提高有明显作用。

Efficient production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from hexoses using solid acid SO_4^(2-)/In_2O_3-ATP in a biphasic system

A natural attapulgite （ATP）‐based catalyst, sulfated In2O3‐ATP （SO42-/In2O3‐ATP）, was obtained by an impregnation‐calcination method and was used to efficiently and selectively produce the useful platform chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural （HMF） from hexoses. Some important reaction param‐eters were studied, revealing that Lewis and Br-nsted acid sites on SO42-/In2O3‐ATP catalyze glu‐cose isomerization and fructose dehydration. The yields of HMF from glucose and fructose were 40.2%and 46.2%, respectively, using the optimal conditions of 180℃ for 60 min with 10 wt%of solid acid catalyst in a mixture of γ‐valerolactone‐water （9：1）.

Solid-Liquid Equilibria of D-Glucose,D-Fructose and Sucrose in the Mixture of Ethanol and Water from 273.2 K to 293.2 K

Experimental data on the solubility of D-glucose,D-fructose and sucrose in the mixed solvents com-posed of water and ethanol from 273.2 to 293.2 K were determined.The solubility of D-glucose,D-fructose and sucrose decreased as the ethanol content increased in the mixed solvent.The solubility of D-glucose,D-fructose and sucrose decreased with decreasing equilibrium temperature.The modified UNIQUAC model,S-UNIFAC model and mS-UNIFAC model were applied to predict the solid-liquid equilibria.The prediction results were compared and discussed.Better prediction accuracy was generated using the modified UNIQUAC model.

Preparation of Sn-β-zeolite via immobilization of Sn/choline chloride complex for glucose-fructose isomerization reaction

Well dispersion of tin species in an isolated form is a quite challenge since tin salts are easily hydrolyzed into（hydr）oxides during aqueous stannation of β-zeolite.In this study,immobilization of tin species on high silica commercial β-zeolite by using SnCl_2/Choline chloride（ChCl） complex followed with calcination provided a convenient way to get well dispersed Sn in β-zeolite in the aqueous condition,which was observed based on electron microscopy images,UV visible spectra and X-ray diffraction pattern.The existence of ChCl facilitated tin species to incorporate into zeolite.（1-2）wt%of Sn loaded β-zeolites exhibited good catalytic activity and high selectivity for glucose-fructose isomerization reaction.

A New Method of Crystallization of Octahydro Trisodium Salt of Fructose- 1,6-diphosphate

In order to overcome the elementary heterogeneous nucleation whileoctahydro trisodium salt of fructose- 1, 6-diphosphate (FDPNa_3·8H_2O) is crystallized with ethanol precipitation at low temperature,a new crystallization method with alcohol precipitation combined withsalt precipitation has been presented. The ethanol-sodium ac- etatesystem for crystallization of salt of fructose-1, 6-diphosphate isbased on the mechanism of crystallization of FDPNA_3·8H_2O in theethanol-low temperature system. It is found that crystal size may becontrolled by regulating Temperature of pH value of solution in thecrystallization process, and the crystal yield increases to 95/100from 78/100 Which obtained in the ethanol-low temperature system.

Dehydration of sugars to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and non-stoichiometric formic and levulinic acids over mesoporous Ta and Ta-W oxide solid acid catalysts

A series of mesoporous Ta and Ta-W oxides have been prepared and employed as solid acid catalysts for the dehydration of fructose and glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF).Solid state 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopic results using trimethylphosphine(TMP)as a probe molecule show that the acid strength and the ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites increase gradually with the addition of tungsten in tantalum oxide.It is found that high sugar conversion and HMF selectivity are achieved over catalyst with relatively high ratios of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Unexpected stoichiometric excess of formic acid relative to levulinic acid can be observed mainly because of direct decomposition of fructose over Lewis acid sites.The addition of 2-butanol leads to the increase of sugars conversion and the HMF selectivity,especially for the catalyst with high ratio of Br?nsted to Lewis acid sites.Among them,Ta7W3 oxide catalyst shows 54%HMF selectivity and good reusability with the addition of 2-butanol by extracting HMF from aqueous phase and removing humins deposed on the surface of the catalyst.

Dynamic Changes of Sugar Concentrations in Pulp of ‘Cara cara' Navel Orange(Citrus. sinensis L. Osbeck) after Application by Exogenous ABA and GA_3

The dynamic concentrations of glucose, fructose, sucrose and total sugar were determined through exogenous ABA and GA3 treatments during young period of fruit and before fruit coloring in pulp of ‘Cara cara’ navel orange. The results are as fol ows： 10 mg/L ABA increased glucose, fructose and total sugar concen-tration significantly or very significantly, ABA treatment of 50 mg/L increased sucrose concentration very significantly, but ABA treatment of 100 mg/L decreased glucose concentration very significantly. GA3 treatment of lower and middle concentrations（10, 50 and 250 mg/L） increased sucrose concentration very significantly, GA3 treatment of 10 mg/L had no remarkable effect on glucose and fructose concentration but in-creased total sugar concentration very significantly, GA3 treatment of 50, 250 and 500 mg/L decreased glucose, fructose and total sugar concentration very significant-ly. Therefore, ABA treatment of lower concentration could increase one or several kinds of sugar concentration, but GA3 treatment of higher concentration （250 and 500 mg/L） restrained sugar concentration in pulp of ‘Cara cara’ navel orange seri-ously.

Glucose Isomerization into Fructose Catalyzed by MgO/NaY Catalyst

The MgO/NaY catalysts prepared by impregnation method were used for the conversion of glucose to fructose in water medium. The effects of MgO loading, reaction temperature, glucose concentration and reaction time on the catalytic performance for the reaction were studied. The activity testing results indicated that fructose could be generated effectively by controlling the components of the catalyst and reaction conditions. The maximal fructose yield of 33.8% with the selectivity of 67.3% was achieved over the 10%MgO/NaY catalyst at 100 ℃ for 2 h. Moreover, the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, and CO2-TPD techniques. The structural property of NaY with higher surface area facilitated glucose conversion, and the modulated basicity of the catalyst with MgO addition contributed to the formation of fructose in the tautornerization of aldose to ketose.

肝硬化患者小肠细菌过度生长的研究进展

1肝硬化及小肠细菌过度生长的简介肝硬化是各种慢性肝病进展至以肝脏弥漫性纤维化、假小叶形成、肝内外血管增殖为特征的病理阶段,是肝脏病理学终末期表现。在我国引起肝硬化的病因主要以病毒性肝炎为主[1]。肝硬化主要的临床表现为肝功能减退和门静脉高压[1]。小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)是一种以小肠细菌种类改变和(或)数量增加为特征的综合征[2]。

In vitro antioxidant activity and potential inhibitory action against α-glucosidase of polysaccharides from fruit peel of tea(Camellia sinensis L.)

The conditions for extracting polysaccharides from tea （Camellia sinensis L.） fruit peel （TFPPs） were studied. Three parameters （temperature, time, and liquid/solid ratio） affecting the extraction of TFPP were optimized using response surface methodology （RSM）. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of TFPP was predicted to be 4.98%. The physicochemical properties, in vitro antioxidant activities, and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase of frac- tionated TFPPs （TFPP-0, TFPP-20, TFPP-40, and TFPP-60） were investigated. We found that the TFPPs were all acid protein-bound heteropolysaccharides, although with different chemical compositions. They had not only re- markable scavenging activity on 2,2＇-azinobis（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） diammonium salt （ABTS） and reducing activity, but also excellent inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase in vitro. Our results suggest that tea fruit peel could be treated as a potential bioresource for the development of polysaccharide antioxidants.

菟丝子雌激素样作用质量标志物的筛选及含量测定

目的初步筛选黑龙江产小粒菟丝子雌激素样作用的质量标志物,为后续实验研究及质量控制提供参考依据。方法采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(UPLC-Q-TOFMS/MS)技术对菟丝子提取物进行定性分析,并建立菟丝子不同极性部位的指纹图谱。以小鼠子宫系数、子宫内膜厚度和血清雌激素水平评价不同极性部位的雌激素样活性,通过双变量相关分析和灰色关联度分析构建化学物质组与雌激素效应的组-效相关性,筛选质量标志物,并建立其中5个质量标志物的含量测定方法。结果在正、负离子扫描模式下共发现10个与菟丝子雌激素样作用相关的指标成分,分别为金丝桃苷、紫云英苷、豆甾醇、新菟丝子苷C、芹菜素、山柰酚、6-O-反式-对香豆酰基-呋喃果糖-(2→1)-吡喃葡萄糖苷、槲皮素、异鼠李素和2,6-十八碳二炔酸。对其中5个质量标志物进行了含量测定,质量分数分别为金丝桃苷(2.753±0.097)mg/g、槲皮素(1.139±0.107)mg/g、芹菜素(1.104±0.047)mg/g、山柰酚(1.144±0.079)mg/g、异鼠李素(0.697±0.074)mg/g。结论基于组-效关联思路可初步发现黑龙江产小粒菟丝子的质量标志物,所建立的质量标志物含量测定方法准确、稳定。