金沙江、岷江干支流水库群调度对长江川境段航道条件影响分析

金沙江、岷江干支流水库群蓄水运行后,长江川境段航道条件发生相应调整,本文采用统计分析、河道水流数模计算相结合的方法,对现有水库群调度下长江川境段径流特征和航道条件进行了研究。研究结果表明:金沙江、岷江干支流已建水库群蓄水对下游河道枯期流量增加明显,金沙江(向家坝站)2014~2022年98%保证率流量为1679m3/s,较天然增加515m3/s,岷江(高场站)2011~2022年98%保证率流量为903m3/s,较天然增加293m3/s;现状航道维护宽度下,河道保证率流量98%(向家坝1679m3/s)、90%(向家坝1899m3/s)、80%(向家坝2169m3/s)和多年平均流量(向家坝4291m3/s)对应水富至宜宾段最小航深可分别达到2.38、2.74、3.13和5.28m,对应宜宾至朱沱段最小航深可分别达到2.82、3.24、3.58和5.6m。

三峡-葛洲坝梯级水库兼顾航运需求的调度方式

三峡-葛洲坝巨型梯级水库虽综合效益显著,但由于汛期大流量(25 000~56 700 m^3/s)、汛/枯期电站调峰产生的下泄流量骤变、枯期小流量航深不足等引起的限航、禁航问题日益突出。在整合优化初步设计及现行相关调度方式的基础上,通过拟定不同的泄量控制、水位控制和调峰幅度等,分析了梯级水库对长江中下游枯期小流量情况下的补水能力,并提出了切实有效的兼顾航运需求的水库调度方式,可为三峡工程的航运安全、高效调度运行提供科学依据。

大渡河丹巴、泸定(二)水文站的水文基本资料复核

水文资料复核是对原始数据、整编数据的全面复核。针对大渡河丹巴、泸定(二)水文站2002～2007年枯期月份水量不平衡的情况,采用现场调查、比测试验和分析计算的方法,对其资料从原始数据采集到整编数据形成进行全面复核,找出了丹巴测速垂线加密和已建水利工程调节流量是其主要原因,导致两站水量不平衡、不合理的现象,并进一步分析处理,论证其合理性。

Assessment of Saline Water Intrusion into Huong River in Dry Season

Most rivers in Vietnam flow directly to the sea where the interaction between fresh and salt water occurs. Because of uneven flow distribution through the year with only 20% annual flow in the dry season, while fresh water requirement for socio-economic activity in this season is much higher. With this situation, the simulation and finding out the mechanism of saline water intrusion into the estuary in general will help to suggest suitable solutions to control the situation. This paper presents results done at the Huong river estuary. Based on the data collected in current years and using MIKE11 softwave, number scenarios were simulated and found out the intruded process of saline water into the river. They will be very important parameters for which solutions to control negative effects to serve socio-economic development at the downstream of Huong river will be recommended and implemented in the later stage.